In utero exposure to metronidazole: no increased risk of childhood cancer

1998 ◽  
Vol &NA; (726) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
&NA;
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
In Utero ◽  
In Utero Exposure ◽  
Increased Risk

scholarly journals Association between confirmed congenital Zika infection at birth and outcomes up to 3 years of life

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Najeh Hcini ◽  
Yaovi Kugbe ◽  
Zo Hasina Linah Rafalimanana ◽  
Véronique Lambert ◽  
Meredith Mathieu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Impairment ◽  
In Utero ◽  
In Utero Exposure ◽  
Zikv Infection ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Delay ◽  
Systematic Testing ◽  
Brain Anomalies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Structural Brain

AbstractLittle is known about the long-term neurological development of children diagnosed with congenital Zika infection at birth. Here, we report the imaging and clinical outcomes up to three years of life of a cohort of 129 children exposed to Zika virus in utero. Eighteen of them (14%) had a laboratory confirmed congenital Zika infection at birth. Infected neonates have a higher risk of adverse neonatal and early infantile outcomes (death, structural brain anomalies or neurologic symptoms) than those who tested negative: 8/18 (44%) vs 4/111 (4%), aRR 10.1 [3.5–29.0]. Neurological impairment, neurosensory alterations or delays in motor acquisition are more common in infants with a congenital Zika infection at birth: 6/15 (40%) vs 5/96 (5%), aRR 6.7 [2.2–20.0]. Finally, infected children also have an increased risk of subspecialty referral for suspected neurodevelopmental delay by three years of life: 7/11 (64%) vs 7/51 (14%), aRR 4.4 [1.9–10.1]. Infected infants without structural brain anomalies also appear to have an increased risk, although to a lesser extent, of neurological abnormalities. It seems paramount to offer systematic testing for congenital ZIKV infection in cases of in utero exposure and adapt counseling based on these results.

scholarly journals In utero exposure to ritodrine during pregnancy and risk of autism in their offspring until 8 years of age

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jungsoo Chae ◽  
Geum Joon Cho ◽  
Min-Jeong Oh ◽  
KeonVin Park ◽  
Sung Won Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
In Utero ◽  
National Database ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
In Utero Exposure ◽  
Exposure Group ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractBeta-2 adrenergic receptor (B2AR) agonists, used as asthma treatments and tocolytics during pregnancy, have recently been reported to be associated with autism in their offspring. However, the particular link between autism and ritodrine, a common type of B2AR agonist used solely as tocolytics, has never been substantiated with any nationwide database. Thus, we aimed to examine the association between in utero exposure of ritodrine and the risk of autism in their offspring using a national database. This population-based cohort study was conducted by merging the Korea National Health Insurance claims database and National Health Screening Program for Infants and Children database. These databases included all women who had delivered singleton between January 2007 and December 2008 in Korea. Out of the total 770,016 mothers, 30,959 (4.02%) were exposed to ritodrine during pregnancy, and 5583 (0.73%) of their children were identified as having autism, defined until 8 years of age. According to our analysis, the overall cumulative incidence of autism up to 8 years was 1.37% in ritodrine exposure group and 0.70% in ritodrine non-exposure group (p < 0.05, log-rank test). By Cox proportional hazard analysis, use of ritodrine in preterm birth was associated with significantly higher hazard of autism [adjusted hazard ratio: 1.23, 95% CI 1.04–1.47], after adjusting for confounding variables including maternal age, parity, cesarean section, preterm labor, steroid use, birth weight, gender, and preeclampsia. Thus, in utero exposure to ritodrine was associated with an increased risk of autism in their offspring.

scholarly journals Effect of in utero hydroxychloroquine exposure on the development of cutaneous neonatal lupus erythematosus

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
pp. 1742-1749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Barsalou ◽  
Nathalie Costedoat-Chalumeau ◽  
Adey Berhanu ◽  
Cesar Fors-Nieves ◽  
Ummara Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
In Utero ◽  
In Utero Exposure ◽  
Neonatal Lupus ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Rheumatological Disease ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Reduced Risk

ObjectiveCutaneous neonatal lupus (cNL) occurs in possibly 5%–16% of anti-Ro±anti-La antibody–exposed infants. Data suggest in utero exposure to hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) may prevent cardiac NL. The aim was to assess whether in utero exposure to HCQ decreases the risk of cNL and/or delays onset.MethodsA multicentre case–control study was performed with 122 cNL cases and 434 controls born to women with a rheumatological disease who had documentation of maternal anti-Ro±anti-La antibodies at pregnancy and confirmation of medication use and the child’s outcome. A secondary analysis was performed on 262 cNL cases, irrespective of maternal diagnosis, to determine if HCQ delayed time to cNL onset.ResultsTwenty (16%) cNL cases were exposed to HCQ compared with 146 (34%) controls (OR 0.4 (95% CI 0.2 to 0.6); p<0.01). Exposure to HCQ was associated with a reduced risk of cNL; exposure to anti-La antibody and female gender were associated with an increased risk of cNL. Exposure to HCQ remained significantly associated with a reduced cNL risk in the analyses limited to mothers with systemic lupus erythematosus and those who developed rash ≤1 month. When analysing all 262 cNL cases, HCQ-exposed infants were older (6.0 (95% CI 5.7 to 6.3) weeks) at cNL onset versus HCQ-non-exposed infants (4.4 (95% CI 3.9 to 5.0) weeks), but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.21).ConclusionExposure to HCQ was associated with a reduced risk of cNL. Among cNL cases, those exposed to HCQ tend to have later onset of rash. Both findings suggest a protective effect of HCQ on cNL.

scholarly journals In-Utero Exposure to Cigarette Smoking on Child Long-Term Risk of Obesity: Concordance of Self-Report, Maternal and Cord Blood Biomarkers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenpin Hou ◽  
Mingyu Zhang ◽  
Yuelong Ji ◽  
Xiumei Hong ◽  
Guoying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Self Report ◽  
In Utero Exposure ◽  
Cord Plasma ◽  
Smoking Exposure ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
Reported Data

Most studies on the association of in utero exposure to cigarette smoking and childhood overweight or obesity (OWO) were based on maternal self-reported smoking data and few were based on objective biomarkers. In this study, we evaluated the associations between self-reported and biomarkers of in utero exposure to cigarette smoking with risk of childhood OWO. We analyzed data from 2351 mother-child pairs in the Boston Birth Cohort, a US low-income minority cohort that enrolled children at birth and followed prospectively up to age 18 years. In utero smoking exposure was measured by maternal self-report and by maternal and cord plasma cotinine and hydroxycotinine metabolites. We assessed the individual and joint associations of each smoking exposure measure and maternal OWO with childhood OWO using multinomial logistic regressions. We used nested logistic regressions to investigate the childhood OWO prediction performance when adding maternal and cord plasma biomarkers as input covariates on top of self-reported data. Our results demonstrated that in utero cigarette smoking exposure defined by self-report and by maternal or cord metabolites were consistently associated with increased risk of long-term child OWO. Adding maternal and cord plasma biomarker information to self-reported data improved the prediction accuracy of long-term child OWO risk.

A-40 The Neurocognitive and Behavioral Profile of an Adolescent with in-Utero Exposure to Alcohol

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1081-1081
Author(s):  
Alphonso Smith ◽  
Courtney Norris
Keyword(s):  
Neuropsychological Assessment ◽  
Adaptive Functioning ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Attention Problems ◽  
In Utero Exposure ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Neuropsychological Profile ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Objective Prenatal alcohol exposure can result in altered brain development that has detrimental effects on children and put them at increased risk for cognitive impairment, sensorimotor deficits, attention problems, behavioral issues, and social–emotional difficulties. Further, adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders associated with in-utero exposure to alcohol require targeted academic and psychosocial support as they transition into adulthood which emphasizes the need for neuropsychological assessment. Method This case study presents on the neuropsychological profile of a 17-year-old male in the 11th grade who was exposed to alcohol in-utero and was diagnosed with fetal alcohol effects as a young child by his primary care physician. Results Neuropsychological testing revealed a broad range of impairments which included deficits in intellectual functioning (mild disability), adaptive functioning, language, academic achievement, attention, executive functioning, memory, fine/visuomotor skills, and social–emotional functioning. Conclusions Recommendations were made to modify his special education goals by targeting his functional academic skills, adaptive functioning, communication skills, and post-high school transition planning. Recommendations for behavioral interventions were given to his referring psychotherapist to aid in treatment planning. Information on vocational counseling and financial support for individuals with developmental disabilities were provided to the patient’s guardian as well. This case study illustrates the long-lasting neurocognitive and behavioral effects associated with in-utero alcohol exposure and the need for neuropsychological assessment during adolescence in order to reduce secondary issues (e.g., school problems, lack of mental health support, unemployment, and financial hardship) that can occur as these individuals move into adulthood.

scholarly journals In Utero Exposure to Antihypertensive Medication During Pregnancy and Neonatal and Child Health Outcomes

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Fitton ◽  
Markus Steiner ◽  
Lorna Aucott ◽  
Jill Pell ◽  
Michael Fleming ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Antihypertensive Agents ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Congenital Defects ◽  
In Utero Exposure ◽  
Child Health Outcomes ◽  
Increased Risk

ABSTRACTBackgroundAlthough pharmacotherapy is to be avoided wherever possible during pregnancy, aggressive pharmacotherapy is required for the treatment of pregnancy associated hypertension, which remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the UK. While the teratogenic effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are well documented, the possible long term effects, on the child, following in utero exposure to other antihypertensive agents remains unknown. ApproachThe aim of this study was to systematically review all published literature relevant to possible adverse outcomes on the child associated with in utero exposure to antihypertensive medications. OVID (Medline, Embase), Scopus, EBSCO Collections (PsycINFO, CINAHL), The Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases were searched from January 1950 to January 2016 and a total of 688 papers were identified. Following review 43 primary studies and 4 Meta-analyses were eligible for inclusion. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklists were used to assess study quality. ResultsThree studies were of excellent quality the remainder were either mediocre or poor. Increased risk of low birth weight, low size for gestational age, preterm birth and congenital defects following in utero exposure to all antihypertensive agents were identified. The clinical importance of these reported risks is unclear, as many study findings were based on small case numbers. Four studies of mediocre quality reported on the relationship between in utero exposure and neurological adverse effects in offspring. Two studies reported an increased risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder following exposure to labetalol, and an increased risk of sleep disorders following exposure to methyldopa and clonidine. The remaining two studies identified no such associations. ConclusionsThis systematic review demonstrates a lack of published high quality studies. Available published studies indicate an increased risk of adverse child health outcomes, although it is unclear whether these outcomes are clinically significant. This review is the first step in a larger project, which is exploring child health outcomes in Scotland following in utero exposure to antihypertensive and psychotropic medications. Dispensed drug data will be used to identify mothers who have been prescribed antihypertensive or psychotropic medication during pregnancy. National databases (PIS, SMR02, SMR01, etc.) will be used to cross-link mother and child data to identify in utero exposure to the drugs of interest, and the resulting child outcomes. All aspects of child health outcomes will be assessed to identify possible adverse effects from in utero exposure to medications.

scholarly journals Risk of early neurodevelopmental disorders associated with in utero exposure to valproate and other antiepileptic drugs: a nationwide cohort study in France

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joël Coste ◽  
Pierre-Olivier Blotiere ◽  
Sara Miranda ◽  
Yann Mikaeloff ◽  
Hugo Peyre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Population Based ◽  
In Utero ◽  
In Utero Exposure ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Models

Abstract Information available on the risks of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDs) associated with in utero exposure to valproate (VPA) and to other antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) is limited. A nationwide population-based cohort study was conducted based on comprehensive data of the French National Health Data System (SNDS). Liveborn infants without brain malformation, born between January 2011 and December 2014, were followed from birth up to December 2016. NDs were identified based on diagnoses of mental or behavioural disorders and utilization of speech therapy, orthoptic or psychiatric services. The risk of NDs was compared between children exposed in utero to AED monotherapy and unexposed children, using Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for maternal and neonatal characteristics. The cohort included 1,721,990 children, 8848 of whom were exposed in utero to AED monotherapy. During a mean follow-up of 3.6 years, 15,458 children had a diagnosis of mental or behavioural disorder. In utero exposure to VPA was associated with an increased risk of NDs overall (aHR: 3.7; 95% CI 2.8–4.9) and among children born to a mother without mental illness (aHR 5.1; 95% CI 3.6–7.3). A dose–response relationship was demonstrated and the risk of NDs was more particularly increased for an exposure to VPA during the second or third trimesters of pregnancy. Among the other AEDs, only pregabalin was consistently associated with an increased risk of NDs (aHR: 1.5; 95% CI 1.0–2.1). This study confirms a four to fivefold increased risk of early NDs associated with exposure to VPA during pregnancy. The risk associated with other AEDs appears much lower.

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