scholarly journals Gender Subtexts in Collusive Linkages between Bhadralok Ethos and Colonial Law in Select Daroga Daptor Narratives

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tapti Roy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Women Characters ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Popular Fiction ◽  
Criminal Investigation ◽  
Popular Imagination ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Narrative Techniques ◽  
The 19Th Century

Crime writings can be said to have originated in Bengal in the last decades of the 19th century with the emergence of narratives of seemingly true criminal investigations compiled by real-life darogas like Girish Chandra Bose, Priyanath Mukhopadhyay, and Bakaullah. These non-canonical accounts though rendered in simplistic narrative techniques to report cases that may appear inconsequential to present-day readership not only set the field for more complex fictional works of criminal investigation but also laid the foundations of a new genre of vernacular popular fiction favoured till date. It can be mentioned here that the criminal investigation accounts of Priyanath Mukhopadhyay were serialised as Daroga Daptor for a significant span of a decade which owing to its elements of thrill, mystery, and instruction were immensely coveted by the readers. The significance of the Daroga Daptor narratives for the purpose of the paper however lies in its reflections of the contemporary socio-legal setup comprised of responses towards sexual mores, socio-ethical strictures, and gender positions. In this context, the objective of the paper is to analyse select narratives of Daroga Daptor with females as victims or accused, namely the novel Adarini and the short story “Promoda”. Initiating the process with an overview of the office of the daroga emphasising on the popular associations of daroga with sloth and corruption, the paper will note the manner in which Daroga Daptor marked a paradigm shift in the popular imagination with regards to the intellectual abilities and sensibilities of daroga. Proceeding with the analysis of the aforesaid narratives, the paper by emphasising the 19th-century gender roles with respect to hypermasculine bhadralok norms and tenets of colonial law will situate the women characters as existing in an ambiguous position within the colluding grounds of the two apparently opposite masculine factions. The paper thus will establish the 19th-century native female body as a passive pliable vessel for various ideological experimentations reading them as perpetually incarcerated within the dynamic limits of an efficient, promptly adaptive, and multifariously hegemonic masculine order.

The Short Story: A Very Short Introduction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Kahn
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Popular Fiction ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
The Press ◽  
Character Study ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Plot Design

The Short Story: A Very Short Introduction charts the rise of the short story from its original appearance in magazines and newspapers. For much of the 19th century, tales were written for the press, and the form’s history is marked by engagement with popular fiction. The short story then earned a reputation for its skilful use of plot design and character study distinct from the novel. This VSI considers the continuity and variation in key structures and techniques such as the beginning, the creation of voice, the ironic turn or plot twist, and how writers manage endings. Throughout, it draws on examples from an international and flourishing corpus of work.

British Detective Fiction in the 19th and Early 20th Centuries

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Humpherys
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Detective Fiction ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sherlock Holmes ◽  
Auguste Dupin ◽  
Agatha Christie ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Critical Interest

From ancient Greece on, fictional narratives have entailed deciphering mystery. Sophocles’ Oedipus must solve the mystery of the plague decimating Thebes; the play is a dramatization of how he ultimately “detects” the culprit responsible for the plague, who turns out to be Oedipus himself. In the Poetics, Aristotle defines a successful plot as one that has a conflict (which can include, and often does include, a “mystery”) that rises to a climax, followed by a resolution of the conflict, a plot line that describes not only Oedipus Rex but also every Sherlock Holmes story. A particular genre of mystery writing is defined by the mystery at the center of the story that is crucially, definitively solved by a particular person known as a detective, either private or police, who by ratiocination (close observation coupled with logical patterns of thought based on material evidence) uncovers and sorts out the relevant facts essential to a determination of who did the crime and how and why. The form of detective fiction throughout most of the 19th century was the short story published in various periodicals of the period. A few longer detective fictions were published as separate books in the 19th century, but book-length detective fiction, such as that by Agatha Christie, was really a product of the 20th century. Most critics of detective fiction see the beginning of the genre in the three stories of Edgar Allan Poe which feature his amateur detective, Auguste Dupin, and were published in the 1840s. Although Poe’s 1840s stories as well as Arthur Conan Doyle’s Sherlock Holmes stories, which first appeared in the 1880s, are probably the most well known of 19th-century detective fictions, a number of other writers of generically recognizable detective fiction published stories in the almost fifty years between Poe and Conan Doyle, including a number that featured female detectives. Finally, from the 1890s into the early 20th century, a plethora of new detective fictions, still in short-story form for the most part, appeared not only in Britain but also in France and the United States. Detective fiction has always been popular, but serious critical interest in the genre only developed in the 20th century. In the second half of that century, this critical interest expanded into the academic world. The popularity of the genre has only continued to grow. Both detective fictions (now nearly all novel length) and critical interest in the genre from a variety of perspectives are now an international phenomenon, and detective novels dominate many best-seller lists.

scholarly journals Rohana Kuddus: Gender Dan Gerakan Sosial-Politik

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Soraya Oktarina
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Political Movements ◽  
Education Politics ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The 19Th Century

Emancipation and Gender Equality became a hot issue in the 20s. Women are judged to be entitled to the same rights as men in education, politics, economics, and others. Rohanna Kuddus, a woman from Koto Gadang, West Sumatra, dedicates her life to improving women of origin. In the 19th century, Minangkabau women were still underprivileged and marginalized. Rohana Kuddus believes that women must make a move to change their condition. Various movements were pioneered by Rohanna Kudus, ranging from gender struggle movements to politics. Rohana Kuddus: Gender and Socio-Political Movements uses research methods to collect interview sources, books, journals, and data from the internet that discusses Ruhana Kuddus. The limit of this paper is to look at the movements of Rohanna Kuddus in achieving gender equality and the various political movements that are running.

scholarly journals Virtue as Adventure and Excess: Intertextuality, Masculinity, and Desire in the Twilight Series

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-237
Author(s):  
Claudia Lindén
Keyword(s):  
Women Writers ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Gothic Fiction ◽  
Sexuality And Gender ◽  
Literary Figure ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Twilight Series

The vampire is still primarily a literary figure. The vampires we have seen on TV and cinema in recent years are all based on literary models. The vampire is at the same time a popular cultural icon and a figure that, especially women writers, use to problematize gender, sexuality and power. As a vampire story the Twilight series both produces and problematizes norms in regard to gender, class and ethnici-ty. As the main romantic character in Twilight, Edward Cullen becomes interesting both as a vampire of our time and as a man. In a similar way as in the 19th century novel the terms of relationship are negotiated and like his namesake Edward Rochester, Edward Cullen has to change in important ways for the “happy end-ing” to take place. In spite of a strong interest in sexuality and gender norms in relation to vampires very few studies have focused exclusively on masculinity. This article examines the construction of masculinity in relation to vampirism in the Twilight series. It offers an interpretation of Stephenie Meyer’s novels and the character of Edward as part of a broader field of feminist (re-)uses of the vampire in modern literature with its roots in the literary tradition from Austen and the Brontë-sisters as well as from classic Gothic fiction.

scholarly journals Anti-transcendentalism and dark romanticism in Poe's "The Masque of the Red Death"

Entrelinhas ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-106
Author(s):  
Sofia Lopes
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Edgar Allan Poe ◽  
Writing Style ◽  
The 19Th Century

This review seeks to analyse the short story “The Masque of the Red Death”, by Edgar Allan Poe, and to study its connection to the anti-transcendentalist and dark romantic movements. Through an examination of the literary aspects contained in the story, this work aims to inspect Poe's writing style, notedly marked by a bold approach of the themes of death, mourning and decay, and to compare his aesthetic decisions - such as the strong symbolic streak, the reliance on colour and architecture and the artistic depiction of death - to the chief tenets that influenced anti-transcendentalist writers over the 19th century.

scholarly journals Problemas de Aritmética na Escola Primária no Final do Século XIX: Aplicação, Ilustração ou Introdução dos Estudos?

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Luciane de Fatima Bertini
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Digital Content ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
The 19Th Century

O presente trabalho pretende analisar como os problemas estiveram presentes em livros escolares para o ensino de aritmética nas escolas primárias brasileiras no final do século XIX. Considerando o Repositório de Conteúdo Digital da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina como base de pesquisa foram selecionados livros relacionados ao ensino de aritmética para o curso primário que tiveram edições publicadas no final do século XIX, mais precisamente nas duas últimas décadas. A análise realizada permitiu a observação de que, nestas obras, os problemas estão relacionados aos cálculos com as operações fundamentais envolvendo a busca de uma solução a partir de dados fornecidos. Observou-se também que os problemas foram utilizados em todas as obras com a finalidade de aplicação e exercitação dos conceitos e procedimentos estudados; com a finalidade de ilustrar uma regra ou procedimento colaborando para sua compreensão nas obras de Collaço (1888), Lacerda (1890) e Trajano (18--); e com a finalidade de propor a observação e a exploração de situações próximas àquelas vivenciadas pelas crianças para a introdução dos estudos das operações no livro de Trajano.Palavras-chave: Problemas. Ensino primário. Livros escolares. Aritmética.AbstractThis work aims to analyze how problems were present in arithmetic textbooks in Brazilian primary schools in the end of the 19th century. By having the UFSC Digital Content Repository as a database, we selected books related to the teaching of arithmetic in primary school that were published in the end of the 19th century, more specifically in the 1880s and 1890s. The analysis which we conducted rendered the observation that in these textbooks problems are related to calculations with the four fundamental operations and involve the search for a solution, which students needed to reach by starting with the data offered in the instructions. Another point that needs to be expressed is that problems were used in all textbooks to apply and practice the concepts and procedures that were part of the lessons; also to illustrate a rule or procedure, as an aid to students’ understanding, in the works of Collaço (1888), Lacerda (1890) and Trajano (18--); and, finally, in order to suggest that children observe and explore situations that were similar to the ones that they faced in real life as an introduction to studies involving the operations in Trajano’s book.Keywords: Problems. Primary school. Textbooks. Arithmetic.

scholarly journals The Basis for Coexistence Found from within: The Mystic Universality and Ethicality of Donghak (東學, Eastern Learning)

Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haeyoung Seong
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Religious Pluralism ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Identity Crisis ◽  
Western Civilization ◽  
Mystical Union ◽  
Diverse Society ◽  
Joseon Dynasty ◽  
The 19Th Century

The rush of Western civilization, headed by Christianity, caused a considerable identity crisis in the 19th century Joseon dynasty. The founder of Donghak 東學, Suun Choe Je-u 水雲 崔濟愚, sought a way out of the crisis through religion. Suun contended that the religions of both east and west are grounded in the same Way of Heaven, and that it can be ascertained through an experience of mystical union induced by chanting a 21-character incantation. He also emphasized the importance of practicing this Way of Heaven in real life. According to him, the Western invasion is an act of selfishness, and goes against the Heavenly Way. The Heavenly Way is considered a foundation that enables communication and coexistence in a religiously diverse society. Despite the fact that his belief in the universality of the Heavenly Way is based on a personal experience—which is problematic to all mysticisms—Donghak provided a powerful discourse to deal with a variety of challenges of his time. In this age of religious pluralism, Suun’s universalism is significant in exploring the intellectual and spiritual foundation of the modern pluralistic thoughts of Korea.

scholarly journals Językowe oraz pozawerbalne wyróżniki XIX-wiecznego savoir-vivre’u i rozmów salonowych w opowiadaniu Stefanii Ulanowskiej Babie lato

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 289-299
Author(s):  
Dorota Krystyna Rembiszewska ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Source Text ◽  
Rank 2 ◽  
Asymmetrical Setup ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article discusses linguistic and non-verbal features of 19th-century savoir-ivre. Babie lato [Indian Summer] by Stefania Ulanowska (1839–?), the source text under scrutiny, is a 21-page short story, which has most probably never come out in print. There are four conversation situations in the text: 1) a symmetrical setup (the interlocutors have equal social status and comparable pragmatic rank), 2) a symmetrical setup with asymmetrical features, related to the conversation between a man and a woman, 3) a less distanced asymmetrical setup, where the participants of the conversation are the mother and children, 4) a full asymmetric setup, in which the mistress of the house addresses the maid. The short story moreover features non-verbal etiquette features, such as a man tipping over his hat when he sees a woman and a man kissing a woman’s hand. The characteristics of etiquette observed in Babie lato are a supplement to the deliberations on savoir-vivre in the 19th century and confirm the changes that took place at that time in terms of courtesy in comparison with the old Polish period. They are also a testimony to the old culture of the nobility, transferred to bourgeoisie houses.

scholarly journals Convergence of Biology and Gender Identity: A Study of Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eyes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-198
Author(s):  
Dr. Vanamala S.M.
Keyword(s):  
Women Characters ◽  
Biological Markers ◽  
Real Life ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Anatomical Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Cultural Pressures ◽  
Exact Point

The concept of gender and the related practices are born at the intersection of biology and politics. Biological markers; physical, physiological and psychological are politicized for hierarchical positioning of man and woman. The nexus between biology and politics has also generated the notion of ‘immutability’ of woman’s ‘gendered self’. Women too, having interiorized the inferiority of the self unquestioningly and have shown little inclination to redefine her-‘self’ after having accepted the nature’s role in her physical and physiological formation. The inability for better ‘self’ definition is also due to the failure to distinguish the exact point of confluence between biology and politics in the socially ascribed gender identities. Caught in the imbroglio woman has suffered crippled social and psychological consequences and the same is well substantiated in the novel The Bluest Eye by African American writer Toni Morrison. The women characters in the novel are paradigms of real life situations. While some do acutely suffer from social and psychological deprivation having interiorized the inferiority of their biological markers, others handle affirmatively the socially ascribed deprivations of their physical self by understanding the nexus between biology and cultural politics. The novel successfully explores the fact that distinct anatomical difference between man and woman or the biological identities of humans should not be the cause or source of discriminatory practices. Or in other words the novel denies the inferiority of woman as something  hermetically sealed and that social factors; advantages of birth (like race and social class), socio-cultural pressures, cultivation of mental culture and many more are of great consequence for both the formation of ‘positive self- identity’ by woman  and for challenging of gender significations.

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