scholarly journals Postmodern/Post-mortem Human Body-Parts: Grotesque Subjects in The Melancholy of Anatomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jharna Choudhury ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Mikhail Bakhtin ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Body Studies ◽  
Social Phobias ◽  
Short Story Collection ◽  
Feminine Body

This paper critiques the literary representation of the human body as a “clean” slate, an organically wholesome subject by delving into the postmodern body-writing of Shelley Jackson’s short story collection The Melancholy of Anatomy (2002). Building upon the idea of “metabody” or grotesque body-part as subjects, the flesh-characters, namely Egg, Sperm, Foetus, Cancer, Nerve, Phlegm, Blood, Milk and Fat, breaks apart from their marginality, and evolves in a rhizomatic structure, pressing their possibilities of manifold existence in a fantastical world. Through the lens of body studies critics (Mikhail Bakhtin and Elisabeth Grosz) and recent postmodern scholarship, the paper studies the performance of flesh-characters, creating a post-mortem pathology in literature. Jackson’s deviant approach re-maps the anatomy of the human body and engages in psychophysiological parodies, thereby disclosing social phobias pertaining to the repulsive sides of the human and feminine body. Metabodies are self-reflexive, postmodern grotesque, with micro-narratives; and their innovative representations give agency and consciousness to the usually discarded body-parts and fluids, thereby making the human body a non-normative and discursive text and context.

When romantic love in Gĩkũyũ becomes a human body part

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moses Gatambuki Gathigia ◽  
Ruth W. Ndung’u ◽  
Daniel Ochieng Orwenjo
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Identification Procedure ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Human Body Part ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
Research Assistants

Studies in Cognitive Linguistics show that metaphors are fundamental to the structuring of people’s thought and language (Sweetser 1990; Kövecses 2009). It is against this backdrop that this study discusses human body parts as metaphors of conceptualizing love in Gĩkũyũ. To achieve this objective, an interview schedule was administered to 48 respondents of different gender by the researcher assisted by four research assistants. The Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) and the main principles of the Metaphor Identification Procedure Vrije Universiteit (MIPVU) (see Steen et al. 2010) were used in this study. The principles of the MIPVU were employed to find out whether the lexical items collected were metaphorical or not. Using three annotators and the researcher, the study identified 100 Metaphor Related Words (MRWs) as per the annotation guidelines adapted from the MIPVU procedures and three lexical units which were annotated as Discard From Metaphor Analysis (DFMA). From the MRWs, the study identified eight metaphors of human body parts which play an indispensable role in the conceptualization of love in Gĩkũyũ. Further, the study noted that gender is a vital variable that provides people with the prism through which they view love since males registered more lexical frequencies for LOVE IS A HUMAN BODY PART than females. The study concludes that metaphor in Cognitive Linguistics is not only a creative device, but an important mental facility and cognitive instrument.

scholarly journals English and Russian Somatic Phraseological Units: Differentiating Outcomes

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5146-5150
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Independent Subsystem ◽  
Lexical Structure ◽  
General Basis ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Wide Group

This paper deals with the outcomes of a comparative analysis of English and Russian somatic phraseological units, namely the lexical, structural and semantic levels have been involved; the total number of somatic phraseological units is more than 300 units. Somatic phraseological units (further as PhUs) represent a wide group in any language. The lexical and semantic group of somatic PhUs is regarded an independent subsystem within Phraseology of any language. This system is comprised of PhUs whose key constituent parts include human body part names (from Greek soma means human body or a body part). It should be noted that the most frequent PhUs include somatisms. This circumstance can hardly be explained by interlinguistic reasons only. The somatic components correspond both to sensual (eye) and logic (head) level of knowledge and a criterion of its validity-practice (hand). PhUs with somatisms in their structure appeared in different languages at different time due to the development of the language, culture, social and political contacts of the nation with other nations. However, PhUs with somatisms have some general basis for the use of any human body parts, to express physical and psychological states, feeling and emotions of people. Somatic PhUs belong to a highly-frequent zone of lexical structure, to its oldest, primordial, and socially significant part. As a rule, they are polysemantic words, their separate transferred meaning to a greater or lesser extent are noticeable in phraseological meanings of separate PhUs. Nevertheless, the main, primary and direct meanings (of a body part) play the decisive role in the formation and use of any somatic PhUs.

scholarly journals Analisis Teknik Menggambar Ilustrasi Anatomi pada Mahasiswa FK UNS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rizaldi Ramli
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Human Body Part

When studying anatomy, it is very important for the practitioner to see the cadaver body part that being studied. By analyzing the cadaver body part, we can learn important parts of the human body. But the cadaver can only be used temporarily during the lab. Other problems such as the small number of cadaver body parts or even the unavailability of desired body parts also commonly appear. One of the solution to this problem is to make an illustration of the desired body part. By illustrating these human body part, the practitioner can also understand the location and structure of the human body part. In illustrating human body part, there are also several techniques that the practitioner needs to know. By understanding that illustration techniques, the practitioner can find out the most effective illustration techniques for studying human body part.

scholarly journals ENGLISH IDIOMS CONTAINING HUMAN-BODY PARTS AND THEIR VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS: A CASE STUDY OF TWO ENGLISH NOVELS AND THEIR VIETNAMESE TRANSLATION VERSIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thu Hanh ◽  
Nguyen Tien Long
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
English Teaching ◽  
Contrast Method ◽  
Syntactic Features ◽  
Human Body Part

The current paper focuses on investigating the semantic and syntactic features of idioms, including idioms containing human-body parts in the two English novels “The Godfather”, “To Kill A Mockingbird” and their Vietnamese translation versions. Using comparison and contrast method, the paper attempts to point out the equivalent and non-equivalent references of human-body-part idioms found in the two English novels and their Vietnamese translation. The research results will be useful for improving English teaching and learning, especially English idioms, as well as English-Vietnamese translation of idioms.

scholarly journals A Novel Multiple Person Pose Estimation Optimization Model Utilizing Genetic Algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol 2129 (1) ◽  
pp. 012027
Author(s):  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Lei Ding ◽  
Kai Qing Zhou ◽  
Jian Feng Li
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Pose Estimation ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Position Information ◽  
Assembly Method ◽  
Optimal Value ◽  
Human Pose

Abstract For traditional human pose estimation models rely on a large amount of human body feature information, this paper proposes an optimization model using genetic algorithm to solve the problem of multiple person body part assembly. Different from other human body parts assembly method. The method proposed in this paper depends on the joints position information, namely the sum of the connection distances between the joints as the objective function, and finds the optimal value to obtain the best human pose assembly information. The simulation results show that compared with the traditional OpenPose model, the model proposed in this paper can obtain the same human skeleton using less position information.

scholarly journals Functional Design of Supportive Men’s Underwear with a Microbial Barrier

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4(136)) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Slavica Bogović ◽  
Beti Rogina-Car ◽  
Dario Bogović
Keyword(s):  
Programming Language ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Body Part ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Functional Design ◽  
C Programming Language ◽  
Bacterial Endospores ◽  
C Programming

A functional modelling of supportive clothing is proposed in this paper. Body forms and measures were analysed. The digitisation of the human body was performed by 3D scanning, and based on point clouds measurements were taken. and the forms of body parts for which the pattern of clothing was developed, were defined. Pattern parts of the male supportive underwear model proposed were translated into numeric form, and a program was developed in the C++ programming language through which the pattern parts are adjusted to individual measurements and to the material used for the compression of parts of the body. Since clothing can be used post-operatively as well, an analysis of the biodegradable Tencel® materials proposed to be used for these applications was conducted. Material samples were subjected to steam sterilisation at 134oC, after which tests of microbial barrier permeability were performed using the new method. Aerobic bacterial endospores were used. Based on the samples tested and their properties, the construction of supportive medical clothing which, by their design, enhance the functionality and possibility of preventing infections of a body part subjected to surgery was carried out.

scholarly journals Human Body Parts Proximity Measurement Using Distributed Tactile Robotic Skin

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 2138
Author(s):  
Jan Klimaszewski ◽  
Michał Władziński
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Cooperative Robots ◽  
Time Operation ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Real Time Operation

Safety in human–machine cooperation is the current challenge in robotics. Safe human–robot interaction requires the development of sensors that detect human presence in the robot’s workspace. Detection of this presence should occur before the physical collision of the robot with the human. Human to robot proximity detection should be very fast, allowing machine elements deceleration to velocities safe for human–machine collision. The paper presents a new, low-cost design of distributed robotic skin, which allows real-time measurements of the human body parts proximity. The main advantages of the proposed solution are low cost of its implementation based on comb electrodes matrix and real-time operation due to fast and simple electronic design. The main contribution is the new idea of measuring the distance to human body parts by measuring the operating frequency of a rectangular signal generator, which depends on the capacity of the open capacitor. This capacitor is formed between the comb electrodes matrix and a reference plate located next to the matrix. The capacitance of the open capacitor changes if a human body part is in vicinity. The application of the developed device can be very wide. For example, in the field of cooperative robots, it can lead to the improvement of human–machine interfaces and increased safety of human–machine cooperation. The proposed construction can help to meet the increasing requirements for cooperative robots.

The Walbrook skulls

2021 ◽  
pp. 248-256
Author(s):  
Dominic Perring
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Human Remains ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
The Road ◽  
The North ◽  
North Side ◽  
War Dead ◽  
Corpse Abuse ◽  
The City

Many disturbed burials, including the river-rolled crania known to archaeology as the Walbrook skulls, are dated to the period following the rebuilding of London after the Hadrianic fire. This rebuilding involved the construction of a new road on the north side of the city which may have connected London with a ford over the river Fleet near King’s Cross. The road was built over partly articulated human body parts, and subsequently attracted a cemetery that included instances of execution and corpse abuse. Hundreds of reworked human crania have been found in waterlogged contexts where this road bridged the Walbrook and at other locations in the Hadrianic city. Various ideas accounting for this evidence are reviewed. Drawing on ancient sources and ethnographic parallels it is suggested that some of the remains were war dead and the victims of retributive violence, subjected to post-mortem corpse abuse, denial of burial leading to body fragmentation, and dedication to watery places on liminal locations in necrophobic ritual. The intensification of such practices in Hadrianic London may have been occasioned by a war that destroyed the city c. AD 125/126. Some of the partially articulated human remains might even mark the site of a battlefield or execution ground.

scholarly journals The Retributive Proportionality and Islamic Punishment of Diyyah

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (- 2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman Farooq
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Basic Rule ◽  
Entire Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Philosophical Idea

Western Penal theory of ‘Retribution’ is based upon the philosophy of proportional punishment for a crime. The research focuses on the practical application of a philosophical idea in the Islamic punishment of diyyah. The main findings are the perfect application of the element of retributive ‘proportionality’ in all diyyah laws. The proportionality proved to be the basic rule of diyyah punishment where the homicide along with the bodily harms are proportionally compensated with the principle amount of hundred camels, ten thousand silver dirhams or one thousand gold dinars keeping in view the utility or the number of body parts of that organ. The damage to entire body in the shape of death, complete damage to a sense, to an organ or its utility, is proportionally compensated with full diyyah however the organs having more than one part are compensated with the proportional amount to the number of that body part in human body which results in half diyyah for damage to one hand, leg, eye or eyebrow and quarter for each eyelid. In this way each organ, its utility or each sense is proportionally compensated with adequate and proportional diyyah amount.

Anthropometric Shape Analysis Strategy for Design of Personalwear

1993 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 411-415
Author(s):  
Amar Yavatkar
Keyword(s):  
Shape Analysis ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Human Body Part ◽  
Analysis Strategy

The diversity of morphologies may be a source of annoyance to the designer of personal equipment. For those involved in design problems, the user population seems to have considerable variability in the size and shape of body parts. However, traditionally available anthropometric data provides only the independent value for each measurement with no information on the shapes of the contours and curvatures. This type of data appears to be insufficient for the design of personal equipment such as shoes, helmets, or a guard for a specific body part. Therefore, interfacing any human body part and equipment should begin with the objective knowledge of the full range of body sizes and shapes. The size variability can be tackled by developing fitting schemes by covering segments of a multivariate normal population. The main difficulty is apprehending the anatomical shapes and their variation relative to three dimensional space. Further, for offering the proper fit, it becomes imperative that variability in such anatomical shapes be incorporated in the design. This paper describes the shape analysis strategy which should be useful in approximating non-linear dimensions of human body part for design. The method is illustrated by selecting the curvatures along a foot outline. The curvatures are defined as a set of discrete points and then analyzed by statistical and numerical methods for arriving at an optimized shape. The shape differences and similarities within and between the two methods are examined graphically and discussed. Results show that the technique of integrating the fitting scheme and anatomical shape approximation describes the human body shapes in geometric terms with moderate accuracy.

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