Physical and chemical properties of the Goryczkowe and Bystrej Górne vaucluse springs in the Tatra Mountains

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 954-968
Author(s):  
M. Gromadzka ◽  
A. Wolanin ◽  
M. Żelazny ◽  
Ł. Pęksa
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Tatra Mountains ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Chemical Composition Of Water ◽  
Physical And Chemical Parameters ◽  
Tatra National Park ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

This paper describes research on two of the largest karst springs in Poland's Tatra Mountains – Goryczkowe and Bystrej Górne – both located in the Tatra National Park. The aim of the study was to determine the potential contributing area for the Bystrej Gorne Spring. Research has shown that seasonal changes in the physical and chemical properties of water in both springs followed a similar pattern; however, observed differences were not statistically significant. Additionally, research has shown that the potential contributing area is different than that previously identified by other researchers. The chemical composition of water obtained from each spring was dominated by Ca2+ and HCO−3, and included small amounts of the biogenic NO−3 ion. The highest values of the measured physical and chemical parameters were noted in winter, while the lowest values were noted in spring and summer. Principal component analysis was used to assess the physical and chemical parameters of water obtained from both studied springs. Water dilution and catchment biological activity were identified as two key processes affecting physical and chemical properties of karst spring water. Several differences were identified between the springs – water temperature, pH, mineralization, as well as the concentration of Mg2+, HCO−3, and SO24.

scholarly journals Physical and chemical evaluation of the use of diesel composite fuel based on ricinic oil and bioethanol as fuel for diesel power plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 01004
Author(s):  
A.A. Sadov ◽  
L.A. Novopashin ◽  
L.V. Denezhko ◽  
Yu.B. Cherkasov
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Multicomponent Mixtures ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Chemical Evaluation ◽  
Physical And Chemical Parameters ◽  
Composite Fuel ◽  
Heating Up ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The purpose of the article is to evaluate physical and chemical properties of mixtures based on ricinic oil and bioethanol, followed by determining the optimal concentrations of elements and the processing method. The study used methods for calculating the physical and chemical parameters of complex multicomponent mixtures with subsequent experimental verification of the accepted assumptions and hypotheses validity. The results of the study showed that heat treatment of ricinic oil by heating up to 330 °C allows for a chemical reaction of modification of ricinic oil (dehydration and splitting) in order to obtain products suitable for mixing with petroleum, and thanks to additional ultrasound treatment, it is possible to provide a higher degree of dispersion of emulsified products and increase the shelf life. The presented analytical method for evaluating and optimizing the physical and chemical properties of mixtures allows for preliminary optimization of their composition and excluding unsuitable mixtures for further research. Laboratory studies aimed at determining physical and chemical parameters of mixtures confirm the results of theoretical studies and according to the results, mixtures with a content of biological components of no more than 60% are identified, which correspond to the indicators of diesel fuel and are recommended for use.

scholarly journals Physical and chemical properties of soils in different physiographic environments in the southern Amazonas region

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Willian Barros Nascimento ◽  
Milton César Costa Campos ◽  
Bruno Campos Mantovanelli ◽  
Luís Antônio Coutrim dos Santos ◽  
José Mauricio Cunha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Density ◽  
Broad Class ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Chemical Properties Of Soils ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The Amazon region has a great diversity of landscapes such as forests galleries, natural fields (“Cerrados Amazônicos”), dense forest, these environments made possible the formation of a broad class of soils over time. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical and chemical properties of soils in different physiographic environments in southern Amazonas, Brazil. Three areas of representative physiographies were selected, all of them in natural conditions: natural field / forest and floodplain / dry land transitions, and corrugated relief areas. Soil samples were collected in layers of 0.0 to 0.20 and 0.80-1.0 m. From the samples collected the following physical analyzes were performed: particle size, bulk density, particle density, total porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity; and chemical: exchangeable calcium, magnesium, aluminum and potassium available, phosphorus, potential acidity, pH and organic carbon. Based on the results of chemical analysis were calculated the sum of bases and base saturation. The results were submitted to multivariate statistics analysis, at the discretion of the principal component analysis (PCA). From the results it is clear that different physiographic environments studied influence the formation of different soil classes, featuring the diversity of Amazonian soils. The PCA allowed the distinction and formation of different similarity groups, thus enabling to relate the physical and chemical properties with the physiographic formation in which they are inserted.

scholarly journals Physical and Chemical Properties of Soil in the Sahelian Region: Case Study in Nioro du Rip, Senegal

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Landing Biaye ◽  
Fary Diome ◽  
Seybatou Diop ◽  
Modou Mbaye ◽  
Djibril Tine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fertility Level ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Geochemical Composition ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The locality of Nioro du Rip is facing intense erosion, loss of agricultural land, soil pollution and soil degradation. Today, there is limited information about the soil physical and chemical properties in the locality. In this work, we describe the main essential factors or mechanism that control the evolution of the soil in the study area. The physical and chemical properties of soils encountered along a NE-SW transect in are analyzed in this paper. The statistical analysis results revealed low structural stability of soils in general, due to their low organic matter content and exchangeable bases and their predominantly silty texture. A net trend towards acidification, which is more pronounced in the lower-bottom and terrace soils, provides information on the conditions that are increasingly unfavorable to agricultural development. The multivariate principal component analysis (PCA) identified the preponderance of two factors among the four primarily involved in soil geochemical composition. These include a mineralization process (expressed through the first principal component (PC1), which causes soils to be rich in elements (Ca2+, K+,C, N, MO) controlling their structure and fertility level;  The PC2 axis expresses the spatial differentiation phenomenon of the soil granulometric composition: soils forming cluster poles according to their textural affinity in the projection of the plane formed by these two components , with on one side the sandy-dominated soils of the shallows and terraces and on the other the clay-dominated soils of the plateau and the slope. A clear reversal of textural polarity in the studied topo sequence that must be blamed on the strong water erosion in this area.

Characterization of Physical and Chemical Evaluation on Six Apple Varieties

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 1954-1959
Author(s):  
Li Yan Gong ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Jin Feng Bi ◽  
Sha Sha Bai ◽  
Xian Jun Meng
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Apple Varieties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Physical and chemical characterization of 6 apple varieties (Early Golden Delicious, Jonagold, Hanfu, Ralls, Rainier and Fuji) from China was performed using pattern recognition tools. Measurements were taken on 12 parameters including weigh, colour, fruit firmness, crude fiber, total soluble solids, titration acid, water, Vitamin C, edible rate and juice yield .The results showed that physical and chemical properties existed different variance in apple varieties. The coefficient of variance of 12 properties was from 2.15% to 69.04%. The different apple varieties were investigated by principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). PCA revealed that the first four components represented 95.13% of the total variability in properties and different apple groups. HCA classified samples into three groups on the basis of the physical and chemical properties.

scholarly journals Comparative study of Danshen and Siwu decoction based on the molecular structures of the components and predicted targets

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Li ◽  
Li Qiao ◽  
Cong Chen ◽  
Zhenguo Wang ◽  
Xianjun Fu
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Structural Feature ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Material Basis ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Abstract Background The sentence of “Danshen (Salvia Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) and Siwu decoction are similar in function” was first recorded in an ancient Chinese medical book “Fu Ren Ming Li Lun”. This theory has far-reaching influence on the clinical practice of Chinese medicine and is highly respected by Chinese medical doctors. However, the theory has limitations and controversial part for there is no in-depth and system comparative study. Methods We collected the molecular structures of 129 compounds of Danshen and 81 compounds of Siwu decoction from the literatures. MACCS fingerprints and Tanimoto similarity were calculated based on the molecular structures for comparing the structural feature. Molecular descriptors which represent physical and chemical properties were calculated by Discovery Studio. Principal component analysis (PCA) of was performed based on the descriptors. The ADMET properties were predicted by FAF-Drugs4. The effect targets for the compounds with good ADMET properties were confirmed from experimental data and predicted using the algorithm comprising Bernoulli Naive Bayes profiling. Results Based on the molecular structures, the presented study compared the structural feature, physical and chemical properties, ADMET properties, and effect targets of compounds of Danshen and Siwu decoction. It is found that Danshen and Siwu decoction do not have the same main active components. Moreover, the 2D structure of compounds from Danshen and Siwu decoction is not similar. Some of the compounds of Danshen and Siwu decoction are similar in 3D structure. The compounds with good ADMET properties of Danshen and Siwu decoction have same predicted targets, but some have different targets. Conclusions It can be inferred from the result that Danshen and Siwu decoction have some similarities, but also present differences from each other in the structure of the compounds and predicted targets. This may be the material basis of the similar and different traditional efficacy of Danshen and Siwu decoction. The setence of “ Danshen and Siwu decoction are similar in function. “ which is used in clinical has its material basis and target connotation to some extent. However, the traditional effects of Danshen and Siwu decoction are not exactly the same.

scholarly journals Origin and Dynamics of Termite Mound Soils in Southern India

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
A. K. Harit ◽  
P. Jouquet
Keyword(s):  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Southern India ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Termite Mounds ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Aims: In Southern India, termite above-ground nests can have the shape of cathedral (CAT) or lenticular (LENT) mounds. Although CATare built by the fungus-growing species Odontotermes obesus, the origin and evolution of LENT remain unknown. Therefore, the aim of to study was to estimate the origin and dynamics of LENT from their specific physical and chemical properties. Study Site: This study was carried out in the Bandipur Tiger reserve (dry deciduous forest), Karnataka, Southern India. Methodology:  All the soil samples were collected in a Fluvisol in the Mule Hole experimental watershed.Only large size mounds between 1.5 - 1.8m high were considered in this study. Soil samples were collected from the outer wall of CATnest and from the soil surface layer (0-5 cm deep) and surrounding soil. Particle-size distribution and dispersion were obtained by process of sedimentation. All the statistical analysis such as principal component analysis (PCA) were calculated using R studio and R version 3.2.1. Results: Using elemental physical and chemical properties, this study showed a gradient of soil properties from the soil sampled between 50-100 cm depth to CAT, LENT and the surrounding topsoil (CTRL, Fluvisol), suggesting that: (i) CAT can be considered patches in the landscapes with specific physical and chemical properties in comparison with CTRL and LENT; (ii) LENT mounds can result from the progressive modification of CTRL (autogenic origin of LENT) and their degradation leads to a progressive recovery of CTRL properties or (iii) they originate from the colonization of abandoned CAT by other termite species (exogenic origin of LENT). Conclusion: This study confirms the complexity of CAT and LENT fates and the need for long-term datasets to determine the origin and evolution of termite mounds.

Impact of agronomic management and intensive fertilization on the soils of Panao

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-17
Author(s):  
Liliana Vega-Jara ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Traditional Agriculture ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Agronomic Management ◽  
Sensitive Characteristics ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In order to evaluate the impact of long-term agronomic management and intensive fertilization on the soil properties of Pachitea, this study was carried out. Five lots were taken from the province of Pachitea, representative soils of the type of management carried out in this agricultural context. A virgin or pristine soil as absolute control (SV), a soil with less than 20 years of traditional agriculture (SAT1), a soil with intensive fertilization for more than 40 years (SFI), a soil with traditional agriculture between 20-40 years (SAT2), a soil with organic fertilization for more than 40 years (SAO) and a forest soil (SB). Soil samples were taken f rom each 20 cm deep lot and all their physical and chemical properties were analyzed. The results were analyzed in a principal component analysis (PCA), analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression analysis. The results showed that the agricultural use of the changes changed all the physical and chemical properties of the soil over time. The most sensitive characteristics were pH and organic matter (OM). The changeable acidity (AC) was explained by the presence of Aluminum (Al) and very little by hydrogen (H), suggesting that the degradation of soils is quite strong in this context. Key words: Organic matter, Aluminum, pH https://doi.org/10.47840/ReInA20191

scholarly journals Assessment of Physico-chemical Parameters and Nutrient Availability in Soils of Arvi and Karanja Blocks of Wardha district, Maharashtra

Agropedology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliza Pradhan ◽  
◽  
Mahesh Maske ◽  
Manoj Sayre ◽  
Mahesh Sadatpure ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Manganese Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Research Programme ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The physical and chemical properties of the soil governs the kand productivity The present study focuses on soil properties and nutrient indices of soils in five different villages of Arvi and Karanja blocks of Wardha district, Maharashtra. A research programme on Leveraging Agriculture for Nutrition in South Asia (LANSA) through framing system is in progress in these villages. The soils of the site are slightly acidic to alkaline, medium to high in organic carbon, deficient in nitrogen, phosphorus and zinc, medium in iron content and sufficient in potassium, copper and manganese content.

scholarly journals Analysis Water Quality of Springs on the East Slope of Mount Sumbing, Central Java, Indonesia for Sanitation Hygiene Purposes Based on the Physical and Chemical Properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 930 (1) ◽  
pp. 012013
Author(s):  
D Erlinawati ◽  
M R Wibisana ◽  
D P E Putra ◽  
A D Titisari
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Water Acidity ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Abstract The eastern slope of Mount Sumbing has many springs used as a source of raw water for hygienic sanitation purposes. However, there has been no scientific research showing the quality of springs. Therefore the purpose of this study is to analyze the quality of springs on the eastern slopes of Mount Sumbing for community sanitation hygiene purposes based on water physical and chemical properties. Water samples were taken from several points in the study area and observed for physical parameters (TDS, smell, taste, and temperature) and chemical parameters (acidity, nitrate, fluoride, and sulfates). The results showed that from 30 samples of springs, only one spring fulfilled the Indonesia Minister of Health Regulation No. 32 in 2017. The spring located at STA 51 Kaliloro, Krajan, Kaliangkrik, Magelang Regency. There was a spring classified as deep geothermal groundwater and the others classified as shallow groundwater. Based on the acidity of water, most of the springs on the eastern slopes of Mount Sumbing could be used as hygiene sanitation by treating the water acidity and regulating the purposes of springs.

Dystrophy or eutrophy: phytoplankton and physicochemical parameters in the functioning of humic lakes

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Poniewozik ◽  
Władysława Wojciechowska ◽  
Michał Solis
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Phytoplankton Composition ◽  
Humic Lakes ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Gonyostomum Semen ◽  
Dystrophic Lakes ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

AbstractThe studies were carried out in six humic lakes (Polesie Region, Eastern Poland) in order to present a role of phytoplankton in relation to physical and chemical parameters characteristic of particular processes. On the basis of physical and chemical properties of waters (SD, colour, pH, EC, Ca2+, DIC, DOC), these lakes are divided into three groups: dystrophic (Lakes Orchowe and Płotycze), humoeutrophic (Lakes Brudzieniec and Pereszpa) and mesoeutrophic (Lakes Moszne and Długie). The occurrence of dystrophication, humoeutrophication or eutrophication processes is clearly reflected in the phytoplankton composition and its abundance, as well as its biomass. In both dystrophic and humoeutrophic lakes, flagellates dominated in the phytoplankton. Among them, the invasive species Gonyostomum semen was very abundant. Mesoeutrophic lakes were characterized by other phytoplankton composition, mainly by non-flagellate species (green algae).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document