Initial fluoride concentration and loading capacity in defluoridation with bauxite, gypsum, magnesite and their composite

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Thole
Keyword(s):  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Power Relation ◽  
Loading Capacity ◽  
Skeletal Fluorosis ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Dental And Skeletal Fluorosis ◽  
The Media ◽  
Composite Filter ◽  
Logarithmic Relation

One of the parameters that impact on fluoride sorption capacities of materials in water defluoridation is initial concentration. Water from various sources will have different fluoride concentrations; as such the employment of a particular media in defluoridation requires information on how the media will perform in different concentrations. Consequently, research was carried out to determine how initial fluoride concentrations in raw water affect capacity in defluoridation with bauxite, gypsum, magnesite and their composite, and to investigate the possibility of predicting loading capacity of their composite filter through initial fluoride concentration to optimize their application in defluoridation. The results showed that sorption capacities increased with increase in initial concentrations. However, higher starting concentrations resulted in larger residual fluoride concentrations; as such the benefit of large sorption capacities obtained was overshadowed. Polynomial relations of capacity (Cs, mg/g) and initial concentration (Co, mg/l), were obtained for bauxite and gypsum. Magnesite obtained a logarithmic relation for Cs and Co. A power relation was obtained between Cs and Co for their composite, Cs = 0.0328C1.20160. Approximation of capacities of this composite from initial fluoride concentrations was feasible. Water defluoridation has become important as a result of dental and skeletal fluorosis.

scholarly journals Assessment of Fluoride Content in Ground and Surface Water and its Environmental Impacts at Basavan-Bagewadi and Muddebihal Taluka of Bijapur District, Karnataka, India

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 641-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Yadawe ◽  
SMT D. M. Hiremath ◽  
S. A. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Fluoride Content ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Skeletal Fluorosis ◽  
Permissible Limits ◽  
Dental And Skeletal Fluorosis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Discomfort ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Excessive Thirst

An investigation was undertaken in 10 villages (28 samples) of Basavan-Bagewadi taluka and 11 villages (38 samples) of Muddebihal taluka of Bijapur district to assess fluoride and other physicochemical parameters. And also to assess the clinical symptoms like dental and skeletal fluorosis, joint pains and gastrointestinal diseases and to find out the severity of the disease. A check list developed with the help of available literature and in consolation with nutritionists was used to record clinical symptoms. A sample survey was made after examination for both sexes between the age of 8-50 years at Basavan-Bagewadi and Muddebihal taluka. Fluoride content varies from 0.40-6.40 mg/L and 1.10-7.10 mg/L. However 12 samples were within the range, while 16 samples were above the permissible limits at Basavan-Bagewadi Taluka where as in Muddebihal taluka all the values are above the permissible limits of WHO respectively. The results show that, out of the 2992 examined 824 (25.89%) people have dental and skeletal fluorosis, 274 (9.15%) people have joint pains, 167 (5.58%) have gastrointestinal discomfort and excessive thirst at different stages in Basavan-Bagewadi taluka. Among 2696 examined, 812(29.49%) people had dental and skeletal fluorosis, 432 (16.18%) people had joint pains, 415 (15.54%) people had gastrointestinal discomfort and excessive thirst at Muddebihal taluka of Bijapur district.

Treatment of taste and odor material by oxidation and adsorption

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 289-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.-W. Jung ◽  
K.-H. Baek ◽  
M.-J. Yu
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Taste And Odor ◽  
Removal Efficiencies ◽  
Run Time ◽  
Lab Test

Massive blooms of blue-green algae in reservoirs produce the musty-earthy taste and odor, which are caused by compounds such as 2-MIB and geosmin. 2-MIB and geosmin are rarely removed by conventional water treatment. Their presence in the drinking water, even at low levels (ng/L), can be detected and it creates consumer complaints. So those concentrations have to be controlled as low as possible in the drinking water. The removals by oxidation (O3, Cl2, ClO2) and adsorption (PAC, filter/adsorber) were studied at laboratory and pilot plant (50 m3/d) to select suitable 2-MIB and geosmin treatment processes. The following conclusions were derived from the study. Both of the threshold odor levels for 2-MIB and geosmin appeared to be 30 ng/L as a consequence of a lab test. For any given PAC dosage in a jar-test, removal efficiencies of 2-MIB and geosmin were increased in proportion to PAC dosage and were independent of their initial concentration in raw water for the tested PAC dosages. In comparison of geosmin with 2-MIB, the adsorption efficiency of geosmin by PAC was superior to that of 2-MIB. The required PAC dosages to control below the threshold odor level were 30 mg /L for geosmin and 50 mg/L for 2-MIB at 100 ng/L of initial concentration. Removal efficiencies of odor materials by Cl2, ClO2, and O3 were very weak under the limited dosage (1.5 mg/L), however increased ozone dosage (3.8 mg O3/L) showed high removal efficiency (84.8% for 2-MIB) at contact time 6.4 minutes. According to the initial concentrations of 2-MIB and geosmin, their removal efficiencies by filter/adsorber differed from 25.7% to 88.4%. For all those, however, remaining concentrations of target materials in finished waters were maintained below 30 ng/L. The longer run-time given for the filter/adsorber, the higher the effluent concentration generated. So it is necessary that the run-time of the filter/adsorber be decreased, when 2-MIB or geosmin occurs in raw water.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of dental and skeletal fluorosis in an endemic fluorosed district, Salem, Tamil Nadu

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Ramesh ◽  
N Malathi ◽  
K Ramesh ◽  
RitaMary Aruna ◽  
Sarah Kuruvilla
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Skeletal Fluorosis ◽  
Dental And Skeletal Fluorosis

Filtration performance and loading capacity of nano-structured composite filter media for applications with high soot concentrations

2019 ◽  
Vol 221 ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoxia Sun ◽  
Yun Liang ◽  
Weidong He ◽  
Fuze Jiang ◽  
Qiang Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Loading Capacity ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Filtration Performance ◽  
Composite Filter

scholarly journals Fluoride Risk Assessment from Consumption of Different Foods Commercialized in a European Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 6582
Author(s):  
Juan R. Jaudenes ◽  
Ángel J. Gutiérrez ◽  
Soraya Paz ◽  
Carmen Rubio ◽  
Arturo Hardisson
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Fluoride Ion ◽  
Skeletal Fluorosis ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Tree Nuts ◽  
Rice Consumption ◽  
Soil And Water

Fluoride is a halogen found in soil and water from natural and anthropogenic sources. Foods, such as cereals, fruits, and vegetables, among others, absorb and accumulate fluoride. High intakes of this element produce toxic effects such as dental or skeletal fluorosis. Fluoride content was determined in a total of 144 samples from different food groups (cereals and derivatives, fruits, tree nuts, dry fruits, mushrooms, vegetables, and legumes) using selective fluoride ion potentiometry. The fluoride concentration stood out in almonds (3.70 ± 0.96 mg/kg), walnuts (3.53 ± 0.62 mg/kg), bread (2.54 ± 0.85 mg/kg), and rice (2.28 ± 0.93 mg/kg). Consumption of 236 g/day of bread or 263 g/day of rice represents 100% of the recommended daily intake (DRI) set at 0.6 mg/day for children aged 1–3 years. In the case of rice consumption by children of these ages, it is recommended to use bottled water for rice preparation. The consumption of the analyzed foods by teenagers and adults does not pose a health risk.

scholarly journals Fluoride Contamination Studies in Belchampa Pratappur Villages of Garhwa District Jharkhand

2020 ◽  
pp. 246-253
Keyword(s):  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Fluoride Contamination ◽  
Post Monsoon ◽  
Dental And Skeletal Fluorosis ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Tube Wells ◽  
Post Monsoon Season ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid ◽  
Admissible Limit

Belchampa-Pratappur villages about 8 Kms towards East from district head-quarter Garhwa has been undertaken to study the groundwater quality, especially fluoride contamination. These places are situated on the border of the Garhwa and Palamu district. Bishrampur is the prominent place lying to about 11 km east of area under consideration. The area is underlain mostly by granite and gneisses. Fluoride containing minerals as indeed Fluorite, apatite, different amphiboles and micas occur in association with these rocks. 18 Groundwater samples during Pre-and Post-monsoon have been collected from tube wells and analyzed for major cation ( Ca+2,Mg+2,Na+,K+) and anion(HCO3-, Cl-,SO42-,F-) in addition to fluoride. Fluoride concentration as high as 5 mg/l has been found in many samplesof groundwater in the area, which is above the admissible limit of 1.5 mg/l (WHO). The inhabitants of these two villages belong to very poor economic background and of diverse communities. Many people of these villages are fluoride affected. Dental and Skeletal fluorosis is common in the area, which is very alarming. The total dissolved solid (T.D.S.) is also found to be much higher, at many places. It ranges from 586 mg/l to 408 mg/l in pre-monsoon and 736 mg/l to 194 mg/l in post monsoon season respectively. Consequently the electrical conductivity is also much higher at several places which ranges from 915 micro mhos/cm to 637 micro mhos/cm at 250C in pre-monsoon and 1150 micro mhos/cm to 303 micro mhos/cm in post-monsoon season respectively.

scholarly journals Association of dental and skeletal fluorosis with calcium intake and serum vitamin D concentration in adolescents from a region endemic for fluorosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 190 ◽  
Author(s):  
AnuradhaV Khadilkar ◽  
PrernaP Patel ◽  
PinalA Patel ◽  
MMughal Zulf ◽  
Bhrugu Yagnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Skeletal Fluorosis ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Dental And Skeletal Fluorosis

Fluoride Contamination in Groundwater, Around Bhopalpatnam Area, District-Bijapur, Chhattisgarh: Adverse Effect on Human Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-101
Author(s):  
Korsa Munna ◽  
Rajeeva Guhey
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Weathering ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Fluoride Contamination ◽  
Dental And Skeletal Fluorosis ◽  
Hydrogeological Study ◽  
High Fluoride ◽  
High Alkalinity

In India many cases of fluorosis (dental and skeletal) have been reported in Archaean and Proterozoic granitic and gneissic t errain from Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, and Chhattisgarh. The origin of hazardous fluoride is attributed to geological reasons. A systematic study is required to understand the behavior of fluoride in drinking water particularly in terms of hydrogeological settings, climatic conditions etc. The present study is an effort to assess hydrogeological study of groundwater in parts of Bhopalpatnam area, District-Bijapur, Chhattisgarh. The study is conducted to understand the fluoride contamination in groundwater and to infer the chemical parameters responsible for distribution of fluoride. The study area is underlain partly by crystalline basement and partly by Proterozoic sedimentary rocks (sandstone, shale and limestone). A total 57 water samples have been taken from dug cum bored wells from the study area in June 2015. The results of chemical analysis showed fluoride concentration from 0.12mg/l to 3.58mg/l. The fluoride bearing minerals in host rock interacted with groundwater and through chemical decomposition, dissociation, reactions dissolution fluoride concentration increased in groundwater. Chemical weathering with relatively high alkalinity favors high concentration of fluoride in Groundwater. Villagers have no option to drink high fluoride groundwater as a result they were badly suffered from dental and skeletal fluorosis.

Association of dental and skeletal fluorosis with calcium intake and vitamin D concentrations in adolescents from a region endemic for fluorosis

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Kajale ◽  
Prerna Patel ◽  
Pinal Patel ◽  
Ashish Patel ◽  
Bhrugu Yagnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Calcium Intake ◽  
Skeletal Fluorosis ◽  
Dental And Skeletal Fluorosis

Dental and Skeletal Fluorosis: A Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit Sharma ◽  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Neha Bhargava ◽  
Amit Kumar Sharma ◽  
Shalabh Srivastava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Fluorosis ◽  
Dental And Skeletal Fluorosis
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