The role of treaties in building international watercourse regimes: a legal perspective on existing knowledge

Water Policy ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 822-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair Rieu-Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Water Policy ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Legal Literature ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
Building Process ◽  
The Social ◽  
State Behaviour ◽  
International Legal System ◽  
Multi Level

The global water policy agenda has long called for a holistic approach to water resources management. However, key challenges remain in turning policy into practice, not least in managing conflict and enhancing cooperation over international watercourses. Towards such an endeavour, a better understanding of the role of watercourse treaties is needed. To date, much of the non-legal literature has failed to capture fully the unique characteristics of the international legal system. Conversely, much of the legal scholarship has failed to account for the social, economic and political context in which law operates. The paper therefore calls for a nuanced approach to the study of watercourse treaties. An approach is suggested that is sensitive to the normative content of watercourse treaties, the ‘package’ of norms, the multi-level governance context and the influence of treaties in shaping state behaviour throughout the entire regime building process.

scholarly journals Criminal Investigation and Criminal Intelligence: Example of Adaptation in the Prevention and Repression of Cybercrime

Risks ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Barlatier Jerome
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Crime Control ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Social Relevance ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Criminal Intelligence ◽  
Police Investigations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Intelligence Service

In the context of the digitization of delinquent activities, perpetrated via the internet, the question of the most appropriate means of crime prevention and crime repression is once again being raised. Studies performed on police investigations have highlighted the over-determining nature of circumstantial factors in crime as a condition for their elucidation for more than fifty years. The emergence of mass delinquency, such as cybercrime, has thus strongly altered the role of investigation as a useful mode of knowledge production. This obsolescence has appeared gradually and can be summarized in four stages, which generates a suspicion about the social relevance of the investigation. It seems that the holistic approach of criminal intelligence is more adapted to the fight against new forms of crime. The investigation becomes a precision instrument assigned to functions that become more specific. This article considers this paradigm shift by the approaches to knowledge management of crime control. Cybercrime is then emblematic of this shift. This study is based on the criminological review and the delinquency analysis led by the central criminal intelligence service of the national gendarmerie. Its premise may likely guide the strategy of French law enforcement agencies.

State Responsibility and the Primary-Secondary Rules Terminology – The Role of Language for an Understanding of the International Legal System

2009 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulf Linderfalk
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Legal System ◽  
State Responsibility ◽  
Judicial Decision ◽  
Judicial Decision Making ◽  
Present Essay ◽  
Legal Literature ◽  
International Legal System ◽  
The Law

AbstractIn the international legal literature, it is commonplace to talk about the law of state responsibility as secondary rules of law. The terminology emphasises that in some way or another the law of state responsibility is different from other rules of the international legal system – what international legal scholars refer to as primary rules of law. The present essay inquires into the soundness of this language. As argued, the primary-secondary rules terminology builds on two assumptions. First, it assumes that the law of state responsibility can be described as separate from the ordinary (or primary) rules of international law. Secondly, it assumes that the two classes of rules can be described as pertaining to different stages of the judicial decision-making process. As shown in this essay, neither assumption can be defended as correct.

Seeing the Forest but Missing the Trees: The Role of Judgments in Performance Management

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Meriac ◽  
C. Allen Gorman ◽  
Therese Macan
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Performance Management ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
The Social ◽  
Performance Judgments ◽  
Organizational Stakeholders

Various solutions have been proposed to “fix” performance management (PM) over the last several decades. Pulakos, Mueller Hanson, Arad, and Moye (2015) have presented a holistic approach to improving PM in organizations. Although this approach addresses several key elements related to the social context of PM, namely the buy-in of organizational stakeholders, timely and regular feedback, and future-directed feedback, we believe that several robust findings from the PM research literature could further improve this process. Are Pulakos et al. looking at the forest but missing the trees? In the following commentary, we offer several reasons that performance judgments and perhaps even informal ratings are still operating and occurring in the proposed holistic system. Therefore, advancements in other areas of PM research may offer additional ways to fix PM.

scholarly journals Disembedded or Deeply Embedded? A Multi-Level Network Analysis of Online Labour Platforms

Sociology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 003803852098608
Author(s):  
Paola Tubaro
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Economic Networks ◽  
Economic Action ◽  
The Social ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Economic Ties ◽  
And Control ◽  
Kinship Ties

This article extends the economic-sociological concept of embeddedness to encompass not only social networks of, for example, friendship or kinship ties, but also economic networks of ownership and control relationships. Applying these ideas to the case of digital platform labour pinpoints two possible scenarios. When platforms take the role of market intermediaries, economic ties are thin and workers are left to their own devices, in a form of ‘disembeddedness’. When platforms partake in intricate inter-firm outsourcing structures, economic ties envelop workers in a ‘deep embeddedness’ which involves both stronger constraints and higher rewards. With this added dimension, the notion of embeddedness becomes a compelling tool to describe the social structures that frame economic action, including the power imbalances that characterize digital labour in the global economy.

scholarly journals Modern challenges to the legal examination regulations

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (28) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Natalia Kitsen ◽  
Ilona Fakas ◽  
Alla Babii
Keyword(s):  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Basic Element ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Legal Literature ◽  
The Social ◽  
Legal Expert ◽  
Legal Space ◽  
Legal Expertise

The article is devoted to the consideration of problems of legal expert examination of legal acts. One of the criteria for the effectiveness of a normative legal act as a basic element of legislation is its legal correctness. The dramatic changes that have taken place in Ukraine in recent years have significantly increased the role of legal means and mechanisms in the social and political life of the country. The effectiveness of transformations in the country aimed at forming civil society and the rule of law, strengthening the law and order depends on the perfection of the existing legal acts, their projects and the adoption of correct and legally justified decisions. Ensuring compliance with this criterion avoids inconsistencies in legislation and, as a consequence, ensures the unity of legal space. That is why legal expertise is a full-fledged tool for ensuring legal correctness and overcoming rulemaking, which requires a comprehensive analysis and comprehensive examination of the essence of legal expertise in the mechanism of legal regulation. The tasks that need to be addressed in the process of research on this issue can be attributed to: the study of the concept and features of legal expertise of draft normative legal acts, both in the legal literature, and the current and prospective legislation of Ukraine.

Virtual Organization

2003 ◽  
pp. 207-215
Author(s):  
Jinyoul Lee ◽  
Bandula Jayatilaka
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Organization ◽  
Structuration Theory ◽  
Virtual Organizations ◽  
Theory Building ◽  
Building Process ◽  
The Social ◽  
Dual Identities ◽  
Human Actors ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter discloses the social aspects of a virtual organization and identifies the role of human actors in a virtual organization (consciousness). This consciousness exists in the perceptual world that we create beyond the limits of time and space. However, its counterparts exist in various forms (entities) in the real world. To bridge the gaps between the consciousnesses and the entities, there exist dual identities of human interveners in both virtual and real worlds. This research provides the meaning of virtual organization, and proceeds to explain the relationship between the consciousnesses (virtual organizations) and entities (real organizations) with human intervention (human players) using structuration theory. This study uses a theory-building process to understand human activities in virtual organizations. The theory proposed in this study reflects the epistemological positions of virtual organization research.

scholarly journals The concept of life: on the social role of conservation areas

Koedoe ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Fourie
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Development ◽  
Third World ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
The Social ◽  
First World

Attention is drawn to the interaction between wildlife areas and surrounding rural Third World communities. The differences between the needs of such communities and those of First World visitors to wildlife areas are outlined. Although incorporating the needs of Third World rural communities is very important, these needs are often neglected. The importance is stressed of wildlife managers becoming involved in the upliftment of their neighbouring communities. The concept of life is used as a holistic approach to develop a set of guidelines by means of which wildlife managers could work out a suitable approach for upliftment programmes. The needs of such communities are investigated with reference to the various levels of life, viz. the biological, the social, the ecosystem and the spiritual levels. Guidelines for addressing these needs are discussed. Finally, the conclusion is made that wildlife managers cannot afford not to get involved in the rural development programmes in their regions.

scholarly journals Vico’s “Scienza Nuova”: Sematology and Thirdness in the Law

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 1125-1142
Author(s):  
Paolo Heritier
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Social Bond ◽  
Philosophy Of Law ◽  
Giambattista Vico ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Gift ◽  
Legal Semiotics ◽  
The Mind

AbstractIs it the task of legal semiotics or the legal philosophers to define legal semiotics? For the philosopher of law, the question recalls the distinction between philosophers’ philosophy of law and legal scholars’ philosophy of law. The thesis that the paper argues is that a semiotic legal perspective can also be sought from the analysis of anthropological knowledge on the origin of the social bond and society, implying a social and institutional theory of the mind. In the first paragraph, the search for a different kind of rationality emerges from a semiotician, Jürgen Trabant, who analyses semiotically the thought of a rhetorician and philosopher of law, Giambattista Vico. In the second paragraph, the anthropological notion of social bond emerges from the debate on the relationship between the idea of the gift and that of exchange. In the third paragraph, the analysis of the legal notion of thirdness recognizes the central role of myth and fiction in the configuration of the civil world and sign, returning to Vico’s critical view of the philosophy of language as an institution of society.

scholarly journals PERAN PEKERJA SOSIAL DALAM PENANGANAN ANAK AUTIS

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Dessy Hasanah S ◽  
Meilanny Budiarti Santoso ◽  
Yessi Rachmasari
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Autistic Disorder ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social

ABSTRAKAutisme adalah salah satu kelainan psikologis dan perkembangan yang dialami oleh anak. Perkembangan yang dimaksud bukan secara fisik namun lebih kepada kemampuan untuk berkomunikasi, bersosialisasi sekaligus perilaku. Gejala autis yang sangat menonjol adalah sikap anak yang cenderung tidak mempedulikan lingkungan dan orang-orang di sekitarnya, seolah menolak berkomunikasi dan berinteraksi, serta seakan hidup dalam dunianya sendiri. Penanganan yang intensif dan terpadu untuk anak autis disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan anak agar pelaksanaanya dapat memberikan hasil yang maksimal. Suatu layanan yang diberikan bagi anak autis harus disesuaikan dengan metode yang tepat sehingga dapat di terapkan secara langsung. Upaya untuk menyikapi permasalahan tersebut. Sehingga, dibutuhkan penanganan untuk anak autis yaitu peran dari professional yang terlibat. Dalam penanganan anak autis dibutuhkan profesi yang memiliki keterampilan dan pengetahuan di bidangnya. Salah satunya yaitu peran dari pekerja sosial dan profesi lainnya yang berkolaborasi dengan pekerja sosial, Pekerja sosial dalam upaya penanganan anak autis dapat melakukan assessment dan intervensi terhadap permasalahan anak autis tersebut dengan menggunakan pendekatan secara holistic dengan lingkungan sosialnya dan dengan pendekatan biopsikosial. Peran pekerja sosial juga bersama-sama dengan keluarga anak autis tersebut dapat memberikan dukungan sosial dan memotivasi anak dengan gangguan autis tersebut.ABSTRACTAutism is one of the psychological and developmental disorders experienced by children. The development is not physical, but rather the ability to communicate, socialize well as behavior. Symptoms of autism that really stood out was the attitude of children who tend not to care about the environment and the people around him, as if refusing to communicate and interact, as well as living in his own world. Handling intensive and integrated for children with autism tailored to the needs of children so that implementation can provide maximum results. A service provided for children with autism should be tailored to the exact method that can be applied directly. Efforts to address these problems. Thus, needed treatment for children with autism is the role of the professionals involved. In the treatment of autistic children who have the necessary professional skills and knowledge in the field. One of them is the role of social workers and other professionals who collaborate with social workers, social workers in handling children with autism can do an assessment and intervention for children with autism are problems with using a holistic approach with the social environment and the biopsikosial approach. The role of social workers also together with families of children with autism can provide social support and motivate the children with autistic disorder.

Sponsorship in focus: a typology of sponsorship contexts and research agenda

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsin-Chen Lin ◽  
Patrick F. Bruning
Keyword(s):  
Research Agenda ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Emerging Themes ◽  
Stable Characteristic

PurposeSponsorship has become an important marketing activity. However, research on the topic treats the sponsorship context, characterized according to the type of sponsored property and the social role of these properties, as a stable characteristic or as a dichotomous characteristic within empirical studies. Therefore, the authors outline a multi-level typology of the different types of sponsorship contexts to account for traditional types of sponsorship as well as emerging themes such as online sponsorship. The authors then propose an agenda for future research.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conduct a general review of the sponsorship literature to synthesize established sponsorship types with newly emerging themes to develop a multi-level typology of sponsorship contexts and a research agenda.FindingsThe authors’ conceptual analysis revealed a typology of sponsorship contexts that captures both general and specific types of sports sponsorship, prosocial cause sponsorship, culture and community sponsorship, and media and programming content sponsorship.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors’ typology provides an organizing framework for future research focussing on different sponsorship contexts. However, the emergent categories still require further empirical testing. Therefore, the authors develop a set of questions to guide future research on the topic.Practical implicationsThe authors’ typology outlines the different sponsorship contexts that should be considered by organizations that engage in sponsorship-linked marketing.Originality/valueThis paper provides a multi-level categorization of sponsorship contexts that integrates both traditional categories and newly emerging categories to better inform future research on situational differences in sponsorship.

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