Knowledge, participation and transparency in groundwater management

Water Policy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Sanz ◽  
Alfonso Calera ◽  
Santiago Castaño ◽  
Juan José Gómez-Alday
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Groundwater Management ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Pressure Water ◽  
Current Water ◽  
And Control

Water in sufficient amounts and quality is essential for meeting both human and ecological needs. Most water used by mankind is destined for agriculture, and demand is steadily growing. Under this pressure, water management faces significant environmental problems. In the case of groundwater, these difficulties are exacerbated by intensive, unregulated exploitation, and the spatial distribution of wells. Challenges to current water management therefore encompass multiple levels (environmental, technological, social, economic, and political), and their solution requires focus and a range of spatial and temporal scales to ensure integrated water resource management. Knowledge, participation and transparency are all crucial to help in conflict prevention and resolution. New challenges require new technologies that can help to resolve them. This paper analyses how the coordinated use of new technologies provides important results to support decision-making in planning and water management in irrigated agriculture. This case study is especially applicable to groundwater management in large areas where conventional planning, monitoring and control methods are extremely expensive and imprecise. The specific case of the Mancha Oriental Aquifer (SE Spain) is examined as it is an area where such conventional methods have proven to be inadequate.

Traditional qanat related jurisprudence in Algeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1142-1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadjat Aroua
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Water Management ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Sustainable Water Management ◽  
Spatial Concept ◽  
Water Legislation ◽  
Current Water ◽  
Specific Culture ◽  
Management Issues

The purpose of this paper is to present an investigation on the relevance of the historical water legislation which would adapt to the modern sustainable water management. It is mainly based on the book by Ernest Feline related to the qanat system in the arid M'Zab valley in southern Algeria. It also refers to some related lectures on the traditional water legislation in the Sahara region and more generally on the Islamic water jurisprudence which does reveal a specific culture perpetuated through a relevant adaptation of al-hisba principles. Subsequently the present paper argues that if updated and adapted, the traditional knowledge can serve current water management issues within the framework of the water sensitive urbanism associated with the integrated water resource management. With this respect the spatial concept called ‘harim al-ma’ and the traditional community actions towards the qanat system can contribute to protecting water quality and improving public health.

scholarly journals Framework Implementation for Smart Water Management

10.29007/gb4g ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lian Guey Ler ◽  
Philippe Gourbesville
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Smart Water ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Control

The objective of smart water management is to achieve water security at all levels (building, city and regional) in a sustainability and self- sufficiency manner, through the use of information technology, monitoring and control technology and the implementation of holistic system of all the processes in water cycle. It also provides the water utilties economic benefits through the reduction of non-revenue water losses through the detection of illegal connections and water theft. According to the characteristics of smart water, we proposed the following overall framework for a smart water city. In the proposed framework, there are seven main components which can be categorized into three main compartments. First is Hardware (Sensors and Sensors Adapters) which deals data acquisition, monitoring, conversion and transmission. The second component is Water Information System (Big Water Data Management and Analysis) which deals with data processing and storage. The third one is Software (Support Services and Applications), which deals with modelling and analytics, real- time monitoring and control system, decision support system and visualization and dissemination of information to stakeholders.

scholarly journals The Role of ICT in Improving Sequential Decisions for Water Management in Agriculture

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Cavazza ◽  
Francesco Galioto ◽  
Meri Raggi ◽  
Davide Viaggi
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
And Control

Numerous Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) applications have been developed in irrigated agriculture. While there are studies focusing on ICTs impacts at the farm level, no research deals with this issue at the Water Authority (WA) level where ICTs can support strategic decisions on land and water allocation. The present study aims to design a theoretical model to estimate economic benefits from the ICT-informed decision process of water management in agriculture. Specifically, the study analyzes the motivations driving a case study WA using ICTs to support strategic management decisions involving risky choices. Results show that the WA under investigation has potentialities to save water and to implement adaptation strategies to climate change. Higher benefits from ICTs are attainable in areas with limited water availability and where the WA can effectively manage land allocation and control water delivery volumes. The study concludes that ICTs might have a disruptive potential in fulfilling WA’s specific information needs, but there is still a need to improve their accuracy due to the risk surrounding the decisions at stake.

scholarly journals Electronic Equipment Provides Pipeline Monitoring and Protection: Applications and Limitations

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy Penney ◽  
Hugh Flesher
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Pressure Sensors ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Rechargeable Batteries ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Pipeline Monitoring ◽  
And Control

Background: Line break controls developed to date have provided the Pipeline Industry with the best protection available with proven and available technologies. There have been shortcomings in line break control due to various factors including; lack of accurate pressure history at the valve sites creating uncertainty for proper set points and limitations in the flexibility of mechanical systems. Safety: Providing pipeline safety through a line break detection system is critically important for the protection of people, property, and the environment. Safer procedures are available through continuous pipeline monitoring. Application of new technology: Increased availability of “smart” pressure sensors offers a greater degree of accuracy and control. Real time communication for data collection and system configuration (operating data, alarm status and settings, valve status) or remote operation (valve closures or line break override) provides increased control over pipeline operations. Real time information allows continuous monitoring and control. This can be provided through commercially available networks, hence providing economical and reliable methods of communication. Data acquisition through Windows based software allows the user to accumulate, sort, and analyze the data. Overview: Industry requires the ability to monitor pipeline pressures and pipeline rate of pressure change. Industry requires accuracy, reliability, and real time access for controlling valves, while minimizing the occurrences of false valve closures. The pipeline and gas transmission industry is growing, with increasing demands for safe, reliable, and efficient operating systems. New technologies are capable of providing solutions for the Pipeline Industry’s needs. Solutions: A self-contained electronic system, purpose built for the gas pipeline industry is available. The equipment continuously monitors the pipeline, measures pipeline pressures, and calculates pressure changes so that, in the case of a pipeline failure, a command is sent to the actuator to stroke the valve to the fail safe position. The equipment is accessible locally or remotely via SCADA or telemetry to acquire and analyze pipeline conditions on a real time basis, and control the actuator. The equipment is low power consumption suitable for external line power, or is available with solar panels and rechargeable batteries. The equipment continuously gathers information and provides history for pipeline operators. This allows the optimization of set points, with time delays and averaging, to minimize false trips. Windows based software enables ease of use. Owner can set alarm parameters that are protected through password authorization. Summary: Electronic Linebreak Detection Systems are able to provide the flexibility, reliability and responsiveness necessary to meet the growing safety and efficiency demands of the Pipeline Industry. Current technology provides this capability.

scholarly journals Trends in Development and Integration of ITS

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Gordana Radivojević ◽  
Gorana Šormaz ◽  
Bratislav Lazić
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Big Data Analytics ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
System Functioning ◽  
Physical Objects ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
And Control

ITS applications are used in different traffic and transportation segments and enable processes automatization, acquizition and processing of large amounts of data, real time monitoring and control, providing services to clients etc. The main aims of the ITS introduction are the improvement of the trafic and transportation system functioning and of the provided services for clients. The ICT development has enabled the usage of the large number of smart devices, which can generate different characteristics of physical objects and exchange data with other devices and systems. This has led to the IoT concept in which the intelligent management of physical objects, based on processing and analyse of the large amounts of data, is possible. The aim of this paper is the review of the latest trends in the ITS systems’ development in the context of new technologies, social changes and users’ requests. In the paper there are described the ITS, the IoT and the Big Data analytics, which enable the intelligent transport services provided to the clients.

Base-Metal Thermocouple Technology for Improved Temperature Measurement in Gas Turbine Engines

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Paul Furniss
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Measurement ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Unit Power ◽  
End Use ◽  
Power Outputs ◽  
And Control

During the next decade there will be growing pressures placed upon the manufacturers of gas turbines to produce more operationally efficient engines. There are two main end-use groupings for gas turbines. The parameters for efficiency may prove to be quite different for these end-use groups, requiring a separate emphasis for engineering design. With respect to aircraft propulsion gas turbines, the efficiencies may tend towards greater fuel economy and unit power outputs. In contrast to this the ground based gas turbine units may require increased unit power output but be restricted by the tightening emission requirements being dictated by international pollution laws. One of the key areas of focus for engineering design, in order to satisfy such performance demands, is that of improved operational control of the turbine. The process variables requiring accurate, reliable and repeatable monitoring and control include rotational speed, linear speed, pressure, mass flow rate and temperature. Whilst all of these phenomena require correct control, it may be argued that temperature is of extreme importance for both an operational efficiency and safety viewpoint. This paper will attempt to explore the problems associated with conventional methods of gas turbine temperature measurement and discuss possible solutions using novel new technologies that will allow the earlier realisation of these efficiency goals.

scholarly journals Smart Manufacturing PHM

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian A. Weiss ◽  
Philip Freeman ◽  
Jay Lee ◽  
Radu Pavel
Keyword(s):  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Manufacturing System ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Smart Manufacturing ◽  
Prognostics And Health Management ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Supply Chain Disruptions ◽  
And Control

The age of Smart Manufacturing has arrived where more and more organizations are embracing it to innovate and maintain their competitiveness. Smart Manufacturing blends information technology (IT) with operations technology (OT) to enable greater productivity, efficiency, quality, and customization within factory operations. More specifically, emerging and existing factory-floor level technologies (including robotics, machine tools, additive processes, automation, and sensors) are being fused with networking (both wired and wireless) and analysis technologies to generate more timely, accurate, and appropriate communication. This communication directly enables more intelligent sensing, monitoring, and control of the overall manufacturing system, including its constituent processes and sub-systems. Organizations that are adopting a smart manufacturing approach have become more flexible and adaptive to address changing customer demands, integrate new technologies, mitigate supply chain disruptions, and better utilize their human workforce. Prognostics and Health Management (PHM), in the context of Smart Manufacturing, focuses on the technologies and capabilities that enable health monitoring, diagnostics, and prognostics to promote greater intelligence in maintenance and control activities.

scholarly journals Web-Based Human-Machine Interfaces of Industrial Controllers in Single-Page Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Shyr-Long Jeng ◽  
Wei-Hua Chieng ◽  
Yi Chen
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Remote Access ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Graphic User Interface ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Human Machine Interfaces ◽  
Cross Platform ◽  
And Control

Advances in conventional industrial controllers have led to new technologies such as multilanguage use, cross-platform applications, and remote monitoring and control. However, the human-machine interfaces (HMIs) of conventional industrial controllers and mobile devices cannot directly transmit instant messages to each other. This study describes a simple method of upgrading the HMIs of conventional industrial controllers into controllers capable of Web-based remote access. The study began with the development of a model-view-controller architecture consisting of Hypertext Markup Language, Cascading Style Sheets, and JavaScript and proceeded to the implementation of a single-page application (SPA) method through AJAX and WebSocket, which communicates with the back-end Node.js server to transfer data. Future advancements will enable information to flow through cross-platform devices across various operating systems and Web browsers, allowing users to remotely monitor and control machines from mobile smart devices. We demonstrated the simplicity of the SPA method by transforming a conventional personal computer-based industrial controller, WINPC32, to an all-purpose Web-based HMI for industrial use with the graphic user interface software, GPX.

scholarly journals A Revisit of Internet of Things Technologies for Monitoring and Control Strategies in Smart Agriculture

Agronomy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Amjad Rehman ◽  
Tanzila Saba ◽  
Muhammad Kashif ◽  
Suliman Mohamed Fati ◽  
Saeed Ali Bahaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
The Face ◽  
Smart Agriculture ◽  
And Control

With the rise of new technologies, such as the Internet of Things, raising the productivity of agricultural and farming activities is critical to improving yields and cost-effectiveness. IoT, in particular, can improve the efficiency of agriculture and farming processes by eliminating human intervention through automation. The fast rise of Internet of Things (IoT)-based tools has changed nearly all life sectors, including business, agriculture, surveillance, etc. These radical developments are upending traditional agricultural practices and presenting new options in the face of various obstacles. IoT aids in collecting data that is useful in the farming sector, such as changes in climatic conditions, soil fertility, amount of water required for crops, irrigation, insect and pest detection, bug location disruption of creatures to the sphere, and horticulture. IoT enables farmers to effectively use technology to monitor their forms remotely round the clock. Several sensors, including distributed WSNs (wireless sensor networks), are utilized for agricultural inspection and control, which is very important due to their exact output and utilization. In addition, cameras are utilized to keep an eye on the field from afar. The goal of this research is to evaluate smart agriculture using IoT approaches in depth. The paper demonstrates IoT applications, benefits, current obstacles, and potential solutions in smart agriculture. This smart agricultural system aims to find existing techniques that may be used to boost crop yield and save time, such as water, pesticides, irrigation, crop, and fertilizer management.

scholarly journals Advances in Unmanned Aerial System Remote Sensing for Precision Viticulture

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 956
Author(s):  
Alberto Sassu ◽  
Filippo Gambella ◽  
Luca Ghiani ◽  
Luca Mercenaro ◽  
Maria Caria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Systems ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Precision Viticulture ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
And Control ◽  
Aerial Systems ◽  
Area And Volume

New technologies for management, monitoring, and control of spatio-temporal crop variability in precision viticulture scenarios are numerous. Remote sensing relies on sensors able to provide useful data for the improvement of management efficiency and the optimization of inputs. unmanned aerial systems (UASs) are the newest and most versatile tools, characterized by high precision and accuracy, flexibility, and low operating costs. The work aims at providing a complete overview of the application of UASs in precision viticulture, focusing on the different application purposes, the applied equipment, the potential of technologies combined with UASs for identifying vineyards’ variability. The review discusses the potential of UASs in viticulture by distinguishing five areas of application: rows segmentation and crop features detection techniques; vineyard variability monitoring; estimation of row area and volume; disease detection; vigor and prescription maps creation. Technological innovation and low purchase costs make UASs the core tools for decision support in the customary use by winegrowers. The ability of the systems to respond to the current demands for the acquisition of digital technologies in agricultural fields makes UASs a candidate to play an increasingly important role in future scenarios of viticulture application.

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