Drinking-water management in Canadian provinces and territories: a review and comparison of management approaches for ensuring safe drinking water

Water Policy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 565-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ty Bereskie ◽  
Ianis Delpla ◽  
Manuel J. Rodriguez ◽  
Rehan Sadiq
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Water Governance ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
World Health ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
The World

Abstract Drinking-water management systems (DWMSs) represent the primary means for preventative management of a drinking-water supply and are defined as a system of policies, procedures and administrative/behavioral controls designed to ensure safe drinking water from source to tap. With influence and inspiration ranging from safe food handling to industrial quality management, DWMSs can take, and have taken, many different forms throughout the world. This variability is especially true in Canada, a country with a decentralized governance structure, where provincial and territorial governments are mostly autonomous in regard to drinking-water governance and management. While this has resulted in comprehensive DWMSs in provinces such as Ontario, less-proactive provinces and territories have fallen behind and may be exposing consumers to under-protected and vulnerable drinking-water supplies. This paper includes a review and comparison of the existing Canadian national, provincial and territorial approaches to drinking-water management, the World Health Organization Water Safety Plan Recommendations, national DWMSs from Australia and New Zealand, and also includes widely applied, generic quality management systems. This information is then used to gauge the comprehensiveness of DWMSs in Canada and highlight potential management gaps and policy recommendations for the development of new, or improving existing, DWMSs.

scholarly journals Microbial indicators, pathogens and methods for their monitoring in water environment

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaurav Saxena ◽  
Ram Naresh Bharagava ◽  
Gaurav Kaithwas ◽  
Abhay Raj
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
World Health ◽  
Waterborne Diseases ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Indicator Microorganisms ◽  
Water Safety Plan ◽  
Health Organization

Water is critical for life, but many people do not have access to clean and safe drinking water and die because of waterborne diseases. The analysis of drinking water for the presence of indicator microorganisms is key to determining microbiological quality and public health safety. However, drinking water-related illness outbreaks are still occurring worldwide. Moreover, different indicator microorganisms are being used in different countries as a tool for the microbiological examination of drinking water. Therefore, it becomes very important to understand the potentials and limitations of indicator microorganisms before implementing the guidelines and regulations designed by various regulatory agencies. This review provides updated information on traditional and alternative indicator microorganisms with merits and demerits in view of their role in managing the waterborne health risks as well as conventional and molecular methods proposed for monitoring of indicator and pathogenic microorganisms in the water environment. Further, the World Health Organization (WHO) water safety plan is emphasized in order to develop the better approaches designed to meet the requirements of safe drinking water supply for all mankind, which is one of the major challenges of the 21st century.

scholarly journals Association between Drinking Water Treatment and Diarrhea Among Under-Five Years Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
Yesvi Zulfiana ◽  
Nurul Fatmawati ◽  
Siskha Maya Herlina
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
World Health ◽  
Environmental Sanitation ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

Diarrhea is still a health problem in the world, especially in developing countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) explained that the cause of death in infants and toddlers is diarrhea, which ranks second. Meanwhile, based on Indonesia's health profile in 2015, there were 18 outbreaks of diarrhea in 11 provinces, 18 districts / cities, with 1,213 sufferers and 30 deaths (CFR 2.47%). Several factors related to the incidence of diarrhea are maternal care, birth weight and environmental sanitation. This study aims to determine the relationship between maternal parenting, birth weight and environmental sanitation with the incidence of diarrhea in children under five in Selagalas Village, the working area of ​​Cakranegara Health Center. This study used a cross-sectional quantitative design on 104 toddlers who were selected by systematic random sampling in three selected environments in Selagalas Village. Data were collected by structured interviews using questionnaires and observation sheets. Data analysis was carried out bivariately using logistic regression to see the relationship between family drinking water management and the incidence of diarrhea. 64.42% of children under five were found to have experienced diarrhea. The variable related to the incidence of diarrhea was the lack of drinking water management with a value of P = 0.03. The management of family drinking water is still lacking so it is necessary to make health promotion efforts for the family to improve the management of family drinking water that meets the requirements so that it can improve the behavior of a clean and healthy life.

scholarly journals New Processing Technology for Water as an Ingredient

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Moore
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
World Health ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
The World ◽  
New Processing ◽  
Health Organization

There are several things in life that we take for granted. Water is very often one of them. Each of us uses this vital liquid, the most common substance on earth, everyday. And we rarely think twice about it. Governments and international legislative bodies worldwide are redefining what is “safe to drink.” The United States has led the way by passing into law an amended Safe Drinking Water Act. The European community is considering these standards and the World Health Organization (WHO) provides the impetus for issuing a minimum common standard for the European countries. American consumers are becoming more aware of water quality and consistency. The popularity and increased demand for bottled water continues to grow as people desire better quality and consistency, and are willing to pay for the product. This paper will address the issues of water safety and consistency for a citrus processing plant using water as an ingredient, in food contact, or is contemplating off-season bottled water production. Paper published with permission.

scholarly journals An international review of the challenges associated with securing buy-in for water safety plans within providers of drinking water supplies

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinna Summerill ◽  
Jen Smith ◽  
James Webster ◽  
Simon Pollard
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Review ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Financial Efficiency ◽  
The Public ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
The World ◽  
Water Safety Plans

Since publication of the 3rd Edition of the World Health Organisation (WHO) Drinking Water Quality guidelines, global adoption of water safety plans (WSPs) has been gathering momentum. Most guidance lists managerial commitment and ‘buy-in’ as critical to the success of WSP implementation; yet the detail on how to generate it is lacking. This commentary discusses aspects of managerial commitment to WSPs. We argue that the public health motivator should be clearer and a paramount objective and not lost among other, albeit legitimate, drivers such as political or regulatory pressures and financial efficiency.

scholarly journals Drinking water and health research: a look to the future in the United States and globally

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (S1) ◽  
pp. 17-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark D. Sobsey
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Health ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Household Water Treatment ◽  
Water Research ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Drinking Water Safety ◽  
Key Issues

Drinking water supplies continue to be a major source of human disease and death globally because many of them remain unsafe and vulnerable. Greater efforts are needed to address the key issues and questions which influence the provision of safe drinking water. Efforts are needed to re-evaluate and set new and better priorities for drinking water research and practice. More stakeholders need to be included in the processes of identifying key issues and setting priorities for safe drinking water. The overall approach to drinking water research and the provision of safe drinking water needs to become more rational and scientific, and become more visionary and anticipatory of the ever-present and emerging risks to drinking water safety. Collectively, we need to do a better job of making safe water available, accessible and affordable for all. One such approach to safe water for all is household water treatment and safe storage, which is being promoted globally by the World Health Organization and many other stakeholders and partners to reduce the global burden of waterborne disease.

The World Health Organization's water safety plan is much more than just an integrated drinking water quality management plan

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. C. Viljoen
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
World Health ◽  
Water Services ◽  
Water Safety ◽  
Services Delivery ◽  
The World

South Africa is a country of contrasts with far ranging variations in climate, precipitation rates, cultures, demographics, housing levels, education, wealth and skills levels. These differences have an impact on water services delivery as do expectations, affordability and available resources. Although South Africa has made much progress in supplying drinking water, the same cannot be said regarding water quality throughout the country. A concerted effort is currently underway to correct this situation and as part of this drive, water safety plans (WSP) are promoted. Rand Water, the largest water services provider in South Africa, used the World Health Organization (WHO) WSP framework as a guide for the development of its own WSP which was implemented in 2003. Through the process of implementation, Rand Water found the WHO WSP to be much more than just another integrated quality system.

scholarly journals A Transnational Urban Political Ecology of Water Infrastructures: Global Water Policies and Water Management in Hanoi

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucía Wright-Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Political Ecology ◽  
Water Governance ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Urban Political Ecology ◽  
Global Networks ◽  
Developmental Issues ◽  
Water Policies ◽  
Global Water

Using the lens of a transnational urban political ecology of water infrastructures in Vietnam, this article contributes to the understanding of the intersections between urbanization patterns, socioecological problems, financial schemes, and the power relations embedded in Hanoi’s urban water supply through politics of scale that aim to ensure safe drinking water. With the analysis of global water policies and their implications in the Southeast-Asian context, the objectives of this work are to (a) reveal the scalar nature of Hanoi’s water infrastructures by situating water management processes in a broader context of developmental issues, and (b) review lessons and prospects of past and future global targets of access to safe drinking water. The evidence of multilevel water governance processes and cross-sectoral challenges of safe water provision emphasizes the need for global networks of cooperation to achieve the Sustainable Development Goal 6 and contribute to other sectors aiming to “transform our world.”

scholarly journals A Mini Review on Microcystins and Bacterial Degradation

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Yaw Massey ◽  
Fei Yang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
World Health ◽  
Bacterial Degradation ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Microcystins (MCs) classified as hepatotoxic and carcinogenic are the most commonly reported cyanobacterial toxins found in the environment. Microcystis sp. possessing a series of MC synthesis genes (mcyA-mcyJ) are well documented for their excessive abundance, numerous bloom occurrences and MC producing capacity. About 246 variants of MC which exert severe animal and human health hazards through the inhibition of protein phosphatases (PP1 and PP2A) have been characterized. To minimize and prevent MC health consequences, the World Health Organization proposed 1 µg/L MC guidelines for safe drinking water quality. Further the utilization of bacteria that represent a promising biological treatment approach to degrade and remove MC from water bodies without harming the environment has gained global attention. Thus the present review described toxic effects and bacterial degradation of MCs.

REGULARITIES OF THE PREPARATION OF RUSSIAN ENTERPRISES FOR CERTIFICATION OF COMPLIANCE WITH ISO 9000 SERIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
Mikhail Jurievich Rudiuk ◽  
Anastasiia Vladislavovna Gerasimova ◽  
Ekaterina Mikhailovna Pomozova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Iso 9000 ◽  
World Market ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Quality Management Systems ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
The World ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
Current Stage

The authors' task was to analyze the development of quality management systems at the current stage in Russia, as well as at the previous stage in the USSR. As a result, we came to the conclusion that the factors stimulating the implementation of ISO 9000 standards are the need to promote products on the world market, as well as the possibility of receiving orders from the state. In the future, strict adherence to these standards will allow enterprises to significantly reduce the likelihood of lawsuits from consumers, which is important in the context of the development of the legislative framework and increased control over the business. The practical significance of the article is the possibility of familiarizing management and personnel with quality services, whose task is to prepare for certification for compliance with ISO 9000 standards in how this process took place in other companies. The originality of this work is to summarize the experience of implementation of ISO 9000 standards at enterprises and to analyze the factors contributing to or hindering this process.

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