scholarly journals The physical-chemical characteristics of surface waters in the management of quality in clearwater rivers in the Brazilian Amazon

Water Policy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane do Nascimento Monte ◽  
Edinelson Correa ◽  
Igor Costa ◽  
Thiago Nascimento ◽  
Mateus Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Ecological Mechanisms ◽  
Blackwater Rivers ◽  
The City ◽  
Ionic Load

Abstract The study of water quality in the Amazon region is important for understanding the functioning of ecological mechanisms. The standard that governs water quality in Brazil, including the Amazon, is Resolution CONAMA 357/05, which uses criteria inspired by standards from other countries. However, this resolution does not consider characteristics of Amazonian aquatic ecosystems, and this can lead to incorrect interpretation of the data. Furthermore, there are few studies on the physical-chemical characteristics of clearwater rivers in the Amazon and the influence of the forest-water interface. Therefore, water samples were collected from four clearwater tributary watersheds of the Amazonas and Tapajós Rivers during the dry season in the city of Santarém, Pará. Most of the points were collected in pristine areas in order to capture the natural physicochemical characteristics of clearwater rivers, as well as to show the importance of ecoregional aspects in water quality management. All samples were below pH 6.0, which represents non-compliance with the CONAMA resolution. Statistical tests yielded negative correlations between pH and conductivity (r = −0.87, p < 0.05), Therefore, the rivers of lower ionic load are influenced by the type of surrounding vegetation, which are characteristics that have been widely reported for blackwater rivers.

scholarly journals Oil and Grease as a Water Quality Index Parameter for the Conservation of Marine Biota

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Eljaiek-Urzola ◽  
Nora Romero-Sierra ◽  
Laura Segrera-Cabarcas ◽  
David Valdelamar-Martínez ◽  
Édgar Quiñones-Bolaños
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Oil And Grease ◽  
Tropical Areas ◽  
The City ◽  
Quality Indexes

Water quality indexes are a tool used to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of a water body according to its use. The present study proposes the inclusion of oil and grease (OG) as a new water quality index (ICAMPFF-GA) parameter for the preservation of marine biota in tropical areas, since it is a typical pollutant found and measured in water bodies, causing damage to the aquatic environment. The normalized curve for OG was defined based on the percentage of surviving microorganism under a lethal concentration exposure of OG. The ICAMPFF-GA suitability was evaluated by its application to analyze marine water quality in the area of the sea outfall in the city of Cartagena, Colombia and comparing the trends of the outfall flow and the rainfall for 2017. Physical chemical data analyzed for the year 2017 shows that OG varies from 0.0 to 3.8 mg/L. The results show that the water quality index increases when rainfall and flow values increase for the rainy season. The ICAMPFF-GA can be a tool to evaluate the water quality of marine waters affected by the discharge of waters with oil and grease.

scholarly journals Microbiological and physical-chemical characteristics of honeys from the bee Melipona fasciculata produced in two regions of Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Torquato Fernandes ◽  
Ivone Garros Rosa ◽  
Ana Carolina Conti-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Water Catchment

ABSTRACT: The honey from Tiúba bees (Melipona fasciculata) is commercially important in the Brazilian state of Maranhão. However, the absence of any specific legislation for this kind of honey is an obstacle to its increased production and commercialization. Determining the microbiological and physical-chemical characteristics of different Tiúba honey can inform the elaboration of specific legislation. Thus, honey samples from two Water Catchment Areas in Maranhão (Munim and Pericumã, sample size 20 for each) were collected and submitted for microbiological analysis (total coliforms, thermotolerant coliforms, molds and yeasts, Clostridium sulfite reducers and Salmonella sp.) and physical-chemical analysis (moisture content, reducing and non-reducing sugars, insoluble and soluble solids, ash content, acidity and pH). Most of honeys sampled were suitable for human consumption, except for one sample from Pericumã. Honeys from the two water catchment areas presented differences in some physicochemical characteristics, which can be attributed to the botanic, soil and climatic diversity of the two areas. Still, these Tiúba honey samples did not fall within the Brazilian legislation for Apis mellifera honey for some of the physical-chemical characteristics, and so is not properly regulated, thus reinforcing the need for specific legislation for this type of honey.

scholarly journals Physical chemical characteristics of the local water facilities of the city of Kraljevo

Tehnika ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 751-755
Author(s):  
Dragan Marinović ◽  
Zoran Milićević ◽  
Zorka Jugović ◽  
Marina Stojanović ◽  
Dušanka Marinović
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Local Water ◽  
The City

scholarly journals Determination of the Sensor Placement for Detection Water Quality Problems in Water Supply Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-306
Author(s):  
Chan Wook Lee ◽  
Yong Jun Lee ◽  
Ji Seung Park ◽  
Do Guen Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Flow Direction ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
The City

The importance of water quality management in pipes has been recently highlighted through the "Red-water phenomenon" in the city of Incheon. This study proposed a methodology for determining the location of measuring instruments during abnormal water quality issues. The proposed method focuses on analyzing the sensitivity of the flow path through a pipe. Additionally, this flow sensitivity through the tube is analyzed by considering both normal and abnormal conditions. The sensitivity of a pipe is the rate at which the water-flow direction changes. Further, a tube with low sensitivity under normal conditions but high sensitivity under abnormal conditions is the pipe for which the instrument should be first installed. The results were analyzed by applying the proposed methodology to a conventional virtual network. It is expected that, in future, the proposed method for determining the location of water quality gauges could be a useful tool for determining the location of instruments during emergencies.

scholarly journals PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI USAHA PERTAMBAKAN BERDASARKAN POTENSI KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI KRUENG CUNDA DI KOTA LHOKSEUMAWE

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Ekamaida Ekamaida
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Quality Measurement ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Aquaculture Area ◽  
The City

The city of Lhokseumawe is located in the coastal area of Malacca Strait separated through the river Krueng Cunda which forms a strait so potential to be used as aquaculture area. Determination of location of research by purposive sampling at River Krueng Cunda by setting five observation station. Sampling is done directly (insitu) location without repetition The result of water quality measurement at research location is measurement of chemical physics factor obtained average temperature 29 0C to 33 0C, dissolved oxygen (DO) 6,3 (mg / l) to 7, 7 (mg / l), the pH of the waters to five stations is in the range of 7.3 to 7.9 and the salinity in the station ranges from 12% to 28%. The quality of Krueng Cunda River water is still within the quality standard threshold according to Government Regulation No. 82 of 2001 on water quality management and water pollution control, so potential to be developed into aquaculture area.

scholarly journals Characterization and Marmelade processing potential of quince cultivars cultivated in tropical regions

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Nogueira Curi ◽  
Givago Coutinho ◽  
Mariana Matos ◽  
Rafael Pio ◽  
Francielly Corrêa Albergaria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Great Variability ◽  
Consumer Acceptance ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Sensory Acceptance ◽  
Physical Chemical

Abstract With the purpose of adding value to the final product and aiming to identify which cultivars implanted in tropical regions are more appropriate for the processing of marmelade, the objective of this study was to characterize and evaluate the influence of different cultivars of quince (‘Fuller’, ‘Smyrna’, ‘Portugal’, ‘Provence’, ‘Mendonza Inta-37’, ‘Alaranjado’, ‘Lajeado’, ‘CTS 207’, ‘D’Angers’ and ‘Bereczy’) grown in tropical Brazilian regions, on the physical-chemical characteristics, rheological properties and the consumer acceptance of the obtained marmelade. The different quince cultivars presented great variability among themselves in relation to physical and physicochemical characteristics. However, the cultivars studied gave rise to marmelades that were similar to each other, which had a high sensory acceptance, except for the cultivar Mendonza Inta-37, which resulted in a less accepted marmelade.

scholarly journals Biometria e características físico-químicas da fruta-pão (Artocarpus altilis)

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Erick Dos Anjos Bezerra ◽  
João Vitor Fonseca Feitoza ◽  
Mônica Tejo Cavalcanti
Keyword(s):  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
External Diameter ◽  
Northeast Region ◽  
Artocarpus Altilis ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Maturation Stages

<p>A espécie <em>Artocarpus altilis </em>produz frutos popularmente conhecidos como fruta-pão. São climatéricos e contribuem com quantidades consideráveis de energia e fornecer os principais nutrientes da dieta. Podem ser consumidos cozidos, fritos ou torrados e em processos tecnológicos tendo potencial para ser empregados em biscoitos e comercializados como farinha. Na literatura são poucos os trabalhos que relatem as características desses frutos, principalmente da região Nordeste. Desta forma, objetivou-se avaliar a biometria e as características físico-químicas da fruta-pão coletada no município de Santa Rita, Paraíba, Brasil. Foram selecionados 30 frutos firmes em 3 estádios de maturação, com pedúnculo, casca verde e amarelada, látex presente e livres de lesões. Os frutos apresentaram em média diâmetro externo transversal e diâmetro externo longitudinal de 15,98 (± 0,12) e 13,11 (± 0,13) cm, respectivamente, bem como massa média de 1,52 (± 0,06) Kg e firmeza de 66,80 (± 1,13) N. Quanto a composição centesimal apresentou valores de umidade, cinzas, proteína, lipídeos e carboidrato de 68,76% (± 0,02), 0,61% (± 0,01), 1,73 ± (0,00), 0,55% (± 0,01) e 28,35%, respectivamente, valor energético 125,27 Kcal, teor de amido de 24,68% (± 0,39), °Brix 2,01 (± 0,01), pH 6,4 (±0,01), fenólicos 0,023% (± 0,02) de ácido tânico e Aw 0,993 (± 0,00). De acordo com os resultados das físico-químicas, os frutos estudados apresentaram grande potencial para serem explorados comercialmente pela indústria de alimentos.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Biometrics and physical-chemical characteristics of breadfruit </em></strong><strong><em>(</em></strong><em>Artocarpus altilis<strong>)</strong></em><strong></strong></p><pre><strong>Abstract: </strong>The species Artocarpus altilis produces fruits popularly known as breadfruit. They are climacteric and contribute considerable amounts of energy and provide the main nutrients in the diet. They can be consumed cooked, fried or roasted and in technological processes having potential to be used in cookies and marketed as flour. In the literature, there are few studies that report the characteristics of these fruits, mainly in the Northeast region. In this way, the objective was to evaluate the biometry and the physicochemical characteristics of the breadfruit collected in the municipality of Santa Rita, Paraíba, Brazil. 30 firm fruits were selected in 3 maturation stages, with peduncle, green and yellow peel, and latex present and free of lesions. The fruits had a mean transversal external diameter and a longitudinal external diameter of 15,98 (± 0,12) and 13,11 (± 0,13) cm, respectively, as well as a mean mass of 1,52 (± 0,06) Kg and firmness of 66,80 (± 1,13) N. The centesimal composition presented values of moisture, ashes, protein, lipids and carbohydrate of 68,76% (± 0,02), 0,61% (± 0,01) , 1,73 (0,00), 0,55% (± 0,01) and 28,35%, respectively, energy value 125,27 Kcal, starch content of 24,68% (± 0,39) , 39), Brix 2,01 (± 0,01), pH 6,4 (± 0,01), phenolics 0,023% (± 0,02) tannic acid and Aw 0,993 (± 0,00). According to the physicochemical results, the fruits studied presented great potential to be commercially exploited by the food industry.</pre>

scholarly journals Measurements of physical-chemical characteristics of dairy plant waste waters

2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 395-402
Author(s):  
Dragoslav Stefanovic ◽  
Mirjana Vojnovic-Miloradov ◽  
Jovan Lemic ◽  
Milorad Kurajica ◽  
Dragana Kovacevic
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Dairy Industry ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Waste Waters ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Plant Waste ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Dairy Plant ◽  
Sanitary Conditions ◽  
The City

Characteristics of waste waters of the dairy industry are specific and differ essentially from waste waters of other branches of the food industry. The complexity of production in dairy plants with several units for different products render the problem of waste waters of this industry particularly complex. Waste waters of the AD Imlek dairy plant were sampled and their chemical characteristics were determined at different seasons of the year and at different times of the day in the years 2001 and 2007. The obtained concentrations were compared with the maximum permitted concentrations listed under the Regulations on technical and sanitary conditions for releasing waste waters into the City Sewers of the City of Belgrade.

scholarly journals PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI USAHA PERTAMBAKAN BERDASARKAN POTENSI KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI KRUENG CUNDA DI KOTA LHOKSEUMAWE

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Ekamaida ,
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Quality Measurement ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Aquaculture Area ◽  
The City

The city of Lhokseumawe is located in the coastal area of Malacca Strait separated through the river Krueng Cunda which forms a strait so potential to be used as aquaculture area. Determination of location of research by purposive sampling at River Krueng Cunda by setting five observation station. Sampling is done directly (insitu) location without repetition The result of water quality measurement at research location is measurement of chemical physics factor obtained average temperature 29 0C to 33 0C, dissolved oxygen (DO) 6,3 (mg / l) to 7, 7 (mg / l), the pH of the waters to five stations is in the range of 7.3 to 7.9 and the salinity in the station ranges from 12% to 28%. The quality of Krueng Cunda River water is still within the quality standard threshold according to Government Regulation No. 82 of 2001 on water quality management and water pollution control, so potential to be developed into aquaculture area.

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