Integrated watershed management efforts: case study from Melen Watershed experiencing interbasin water transfer

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1272-1280 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Ozturk ◽  
A. Erturk ◽  
A. Ekdal ◽  
M. Gurel ◽  
E. Cokgor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Water Transfer ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Watershed Protection ◽  
Interbasin Water Transfer ◽  
The Government

Istanbul is a megacity with a population of over 13 million. Due to experienced droughts and population growth in the city, interbasin water transfer from Melen Watershed was considered as the most feasible alternative to supply water that can compensate for water demand in the future. This decision changed the beneficial use of the Melen Watershed from irrigation water supply to drinking water supply and necessitated extensive pollution prevention measures to comply with the new water quality requirements. A Watershed Protection Action Plan was developed for the sustainable management of Melen Watershed. The action plan included measures concerning wastewater management, diffuse pollution management, solid waste management and water quality monitoring. In this paper, proposed protection actions in the plan are provided together with the activities realized so far. In addition, the changes made by the authorities during implementation of the plan are presented. The proposed Watershed Protection Action Plan as approved by the government is one of the first examples in Turkey, where watershed-based planning of water resources is implemented instead of administrative boundary-based management.

Socio-economics and hydrological impacts of melamchi intersectoral and interbasin water transfer project, Nepal

Water Policy ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhusudan Bhattarai ◽  
Dhruba Pant ◽  
David Molden
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Water Transfer ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Water Origin ◽  
The Social ◽  
Interbasin Water Transfer ◽  
The Government ◽  
City Water ◽  
Water Mill

To mitigate the drinking water crisis in Kathmandu city, the Government of Nepal has recently initiated the Melamchi project, which will divert water from the Melamchi River to Kathmandu city's water supply network. In the first phase, the project will divert 170,000 cubic metres of water per day (at 1.97 m3/s). There is a plan to triple the volume of water using the same infrastructure as city water demand increases. This paper illustrates the complexities involved in planning and implementing the intersectoral (interbasin) water transfer project, and the socio-economic and hydrological implications of the project in the basin of water supply. This project potentially generates huge economic benefits, mostly accrued to the urban sector. An already a resource-poor water-supplying basin bears all the opportunity costs of the water transfer. The project compensation scheme has focused more on local public goods and has not much considered third party effects such as traditional water mill owners and tenant farmers who may unduly bear the brunt of the project. Effective participation of stakeholders and early negotiation for compensation could minimize such third party effects. The absence of such negotiation has raised some concerns about the effectiveness of the Melamchi project to meet the social obligations in the basin of water origin.

scholarly journals Climate change adaptation: a pragmatic approach for assessing vulnerability

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-177
Author(s):  
M. Carvalho ◽  
B. Martins ◽  
J. P. Coelho ◽  
N. Brôco ◽  
A. K. Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Climate Extremes ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Water Sector ◽  
Events Data ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Abstract The impacts of climate change on society are becoming increasingly evident. The water sector is sensitive to variations in climatic patterns as it is expected that major changes in flows will occur, along with increased risks of water quality degradation and flooding. According to published climate scenarios the Mediterranean area will become dryer. As a leading group operating in the water sector in Portugal, AdP decided to develop a strategic plan for climate change adaptation with the aim of establishing a strategy for reducing business vulnerability and increasing systems resilience. In developing the plan, a pragmatic method was adopted for characterizing current vulnerabilities. This was founded on the bottom-up approach and supported with past events data, including evaluating their impacts, and the adaptive capacity of systems and utilities to climate extremes. In water supply, the effects of more severe and frequent extreme events are being felt with respect to water quality and availability, representing as much as 80% of the events studied, whereas, in terms of sanitation, floods account for about 90% of events identified. Globally, 78% and 21% of the measures adopted in water supply and wastewater management, respectively, were effective.

scholarly journals Spatial Differentiation of Water Quality Between Reservoirs Under Anthropogenic and Natural Factors Based on Statistical Approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hülya Boyacioglu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Organic Pollution ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Trend Detection ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Western Turkey ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Study Results

Abstract This study illustrates the benefits of statistical techniques to analyze spatial and temporal variations in water quality. In this scope water quality differentiation caused by anthropogenic and natural factors in the Tahtali and Balçova reservoirs in western Turkey was investigated using discriminant analysis-DA, Mann Whitney U techniques. Effectiveness of pollution prevention measures was analyzed by Mann Kendall and Sen’s Slope estimator methods. The water quality variables were divided into three groups as physical-inorganic, organic and inorganic pollution parameters for the study. Results showed that water quality between reservoirs was differentiated for “physical-inorganic” and “organic pollution” parameters. Degree of influence of water quality by urbanization was higher in the Tahtali reservoir and in general, no trend detection at pollution indicators explained by effective management practices at both sites.

Evaluation of Government Performance in Haze Pollution Control and the Optimization Path in Beijing

2020 ◽  
pp. 2050014
Author(s):  
LI Yunyan ◽  
SUN Guihua ◽  
DI Peng
Keyword(s):  
Pollution Control ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Government Performance ◽  
Development Potential ◽  
Haze Pollution ◽  
Government Management ◽  
The Government

In recent years, Beijing has been more often confronted with serious haze pollution, especially in autumn and winter. The People’s Government of Beijing Municipality has adopted a package of measures to control the haze pollution with its best efforts. To objectively evaluate how effective these haze pollution control measures are from different perspectives and in an all-round way, it is necessary to adopt a scientific and reasonable approach. Based on the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) idea, we establish a system of indexes to evaluate the government performance of Beijing in haze pollution control from the four perspectives of development quality, public services, government management and development potential, and use a combination of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy weight method (EWM) to determine the index weights, and objectively evaluate Beijing’s performance in haze pollution control from 2010 to 2016. The results show that the scores for the four perspectives are all on the rise, and since the implementation of the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan in 2013, the government’s haze pollution control measures have achieved significant results, and made a much higher overall score. On that basis, we propose the optimized path for Beijing’s haze pollution control, namely, accelerating the upgrading of development quality, improving the public services level, strengthening the government management, tapping the development potential of haze pollution control and increasing the linkage and cooperation between the governments of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei.

Evaluating the impact of interbasin water transfer on water quality in the recipient river basin with SWAT

2021 ◽  
Vol 776 ◽  
pp. 145984
Author(s):  
So-Young Woo ◽  
Seong-Joon Kim ◽  
Ji-Wan Lee ◽  
Se-Hoon Kim ◽  
Yong-Won Kim
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Transfer ◽  
Interbasin Water Transfer ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Trends in Organic Contamination in River Yamuna: A Case Study of Delhi Stretch (2007-2016)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd. Aamir Mazhar ◽  
Sirajuddin Ahmed ◽  
Azhar Husain ◽  
Rahis uddin ◽  
Nadeem A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Water Quality Parameter ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Organic Contamination ◽  
Water Quality Guidelines ◽  
Water Abstraction ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
The Government ◽  
River Yamuna

Abstract The river Ganges largest tributary is river Yamuna and it is the longest tributary in India serving millions of individuals. It is emerging from the glacier known as Yamunotri that has a height of 6,387m that travel through Uttarakhand to Allahabad. The water from river is abstracted as well as in stream used for irrigation, power generation, domestic water supply, industrial use, etc., because of which the after affects are many. In India, an alarming situation exists since quite a long time in river pollution. When river Yamuna enters Delhi, it meets the water quality guidelines with respect to Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) but during its exit the water quality deteriorated. The main reasons of deterioration of the river water are sewage discharge and industrial effluents and mis utilization of fresh water. The dilution capacity of the river also gets reduced due to significant water abstraction. The chief contributor of contamination is National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi followed by Agra and Mathura by either point or non-point sources.In this paper we investigated the ongoing trends in basic water quality guidelines of the River Yamuna which show huge deviation in Delhi segment. Due to the influence of industrialization, urbanization and horticultural advances the Delhi segment gets severely contaminated. Yamuna Action Plan (YAP) was undertaken by the government for the restoration and preservation of the river Yamuna. The DO, BOD in the Delhi segment and eutrophicated segment investigation, the water quality parameter trends in the river Yamuna represent that regardless of the considerable number of endeavors the water quality isn't fit for assigned best utilizations. The outcomes require inventive points of view in the advancement of a refreshed comprehensive preservation technique for the river Yamuna.

scholarly journals DRINKING WATER QUALITY IN SOME SELCTED SLUMS OF DHAKA CITY, BANGLADESH

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Subrata Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
The Government

— Over the last decade, Dhaka city of Bangladesh has experienced significant changes throughout its landscape and an extreme growth in population. As a result of environmental, economic, or demographic crises, Pressure increase on housing due to rapid urbanization and rural urban migration causes growth of slums and squatter settlements. Slums are residential areas of very high population density, high room density and poor housing with inadequate access to basic civic amenities. The specific objectives of the study are to explore the to investigate the existing water supply facilities and to know the drinking water quality of selected slums in Dhaka city. Korail slum and Geneva Camp slum have been randomly selected. Overall environment of the slum areas is disappointing due to unplanned housing, drains, roads and different authorized & unauthorized shops. The chemical quality of drinking water is satisfactory but microbiological quality of water is not up to the standard of drinking water. Due to the involvements of the Government, DWASA, and other national and international Non-Government Organization (NGO) s, the slums are getting access to pure drinking water supply although these are still insufficient.

Pollution prevention and restoration in the golden horn of Istanbul

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 129-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bülent Inanç ◽  
Cumali Kinaci ◽  
Izzet Öztürk ◽  
Mehmet Faik Sevimli ◽  
Osman Arikan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Bottom Sediment ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Organic Solids ◽  
Golden Horn

The pollution in the Golden Horn is one of the most important environmental problems of Istanbul. Alluvium carried by Alibey and Kagithane creeks, and domestic and industrial wastewater discharges are the major sources of the pollution. In the upstream, a part of 3 to 4 km long is almost completely filled with debris and organic solids. There is a high anaerobic activity in the sediment resulting in a heavy odor problem. Sea traffic is impossible since the depth of water is less than 10 cm at this part. A restoration feasibility project has been carried out for pollution prevention and evaluation of the restoration alternatives. For this purpose, first, characteristics of water quality and bottom sediment were determined. Second, pollution prevention measures and the alternatives for the dredging and disposal of the bottom sediment were evaluated. Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality has already started the dredging work by early 1997, and has completed the diversion of all domestic and industrial wastewater discharges out of the Golden Horn. This paper summarizes the studies for determining current status, evaluating the restoration alternatives, and also the progress of the on-going dredging work.

Interbasin Water Transfer: Economic Water Quality-Based Model

2010 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Karamouz ◽  
S. Ali Mojahedi ◽  
Azadeh Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Transfer ◽  
Interbasin Water Transfer

scholarly journals Illuminating utility benchmarking data with analysis and consumer feedback – insights from Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 356-362
Author(s):  
R. Ogata ◽  
N. Khatri ◽  
M. Sakamoto
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Residual Chlorine ◽  
Consumer Survey ◽  
Biological Water ◽  
The Government ◽  
Tap Water Quality

Abstract The Government of Nepal, with the support of the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), conducted a benchmarking activity with performance indicators, water quality tests, and a consumer survey for 26 larger and older town water supply services in the country. Performance indicators varied widely between the different towns: number of staff/1,000 connection (staff ratio), for example, ranged from 2.8 to 15.3, whereas water supply coverage ranged from 13.8% to 98.4%, and operating ratios which indicate financial performance ranged from 0.24 to 2.8. Critically poor biological water quality was found in water quality tests that 55% of tap water samples were Escherichia coli-contaminated. Overall, customer satisfaction ranged between 14% and 97%. Analysis showed that the operating ratio was significantly correlated with the staff ratio, the number of water supply connections, the water coverage, and the metered ratio. Results of water quality tests and the consumer survey revealed risk in direct drinking of tap water and a need to improve tap water quality by managing free residual chlorine and leakage reduction. Customers' satisfaction with water sufficiency was found to be significantly correlated with their perception of the reliability of supply time rather than the number of supply hours and water consumption rate. This article has been made Open Access thanks to the generous support of a global network of libraries as part of the Knowledge Unlatched Select initiative.

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