Flood risk management under climate change: a hydro-economic perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 1832-1840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohini P. Devkota ◽  
Tek Maraseni
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Flood Management ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Management Plans

Abstract Most developing countries, like Nepal, are expected to experience the greatest impact of climate change (CC) sooner and on a greater magnitude than other developed countries. Increase in the magnitude and frequency of extreme rainfall events is likely to increase the risk of flooding in rivers. The West Rapti River basin is one of the most flood prone and also one of the most dynamic and economically important basins of Nepal. This study elicits the willingness to pay (WTP) from the local people in the basin to reduce risks from possible floods due to CC. The WTP for flood mitigation in different flood hazard zones and flood scenarios were determined using referendum method and a face to face questionnaire survey. From a total of 720 households across all flood zones, a stratified randomly selected sample of 210 households was surveyed. The sample included households from a range of socio-economic backgrounds. The average WTP varied by flood hazard zone and within each zone, by CC-induced flood scenarios. The average WTP of respondents was highest for the critical flood prone zone, followed by moderate and low flood prone zones. Similarly, within each zone, the average WTP increased with increasing flood magnitudes due to CC. The variation of average WTP of respondents in different flood prone zones and scenarios indicate different levels of perceived severity. Moreover, the introduction of the concept of ‘man-day’ or ‘labour-day’ in WTP research is a novel and applicable methodological approach, particularly in the South Asian region. The findings of this study are useful for policy implications for the design of participatory flood management plans in the river basin.

ANALYSIS OF TRENDS OF EXTREME RAINFALL EVENTS USING MANN KENDALL TEST: A CASE STUDY IN PAHANG AND KELANTAN RIVER BASINS

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (9-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazlina Alang Othman ◽  
Nor Azazi Zakaria ◽  
Aminuddin Ab. Ghani ◽  
Chun Kiat Chang ◽  
Ngai Weng Chan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Extreme Event ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Mk Test ◽  
Kelantan River Basin

Climate change leads to changes in rainfall and extreme event. This phenomenon has already begun to transform the rainfall patterns in Malaysia. It was clearly proven when the northern and eastern states of Peninsular Malaysia such as Kelantan, Terengganu, Pahang, Perak and Johor were hit by the catastrophic floods in December 2014, events that have been described as the worst in decades. Although there are a number of studies in climate change and extreme rainfall events in Malaysia, there are still large knowledge gaps about their relationship. Understanding the shifts and predicting changing trends in rainfall distribution is needed for predicting and managing the floods.  In this paper, Mann Kendall (MK) test and Sen's Slope estimator are employed to determine the trend of extreme rainfall events of various storm durations in the Pahang and Kelantan river basins. The results indicate that annual maximum daily rainfall for Pahang River basin and Kelantan River basin increased throughout 45 years. Results show that the percentage of stations with statistically significant trend (at 0.05 significance level) in the Kelantan River basin are higher compared to the Pahang River basin. Percentage of stations showing increasing trends were much higher for short duration rainfall (10, 30 and 60 minutes and  3 hours) compared to long duration rainfall (6, 12, 24, 48, 120 and 240 hours). This study will be useful for planning, designing and managing floods and stormwater systems in this area

scholarly journals Coastal flood risk within a peri-urban area: SUSSEX Inlet district, SE Australia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. F. Asbridge ◽  
D. Low Choy ◽  
B. Mackey ◽  
S. Serrao-Neumann ◽  
P. Taygfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flood Risk ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Hazard Exposure ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Planning Strategies ◽  
Natural Resource Managers

AbstractThe peri-urban interface (PUI) exhibits characteristic qualities of both urban and rural regions, and this complexity has meant that risk assessments and long-term planning for PUI are lagging, despite these areas representing new developing settlement frontiers. This study aims to address this knowledge gap by modifying an existing approach to quantify and assess flood risk. The risk triangle framework was used to map exposure, vulnerability and biophysical variables; however, in a novel application, the risk triangle framework was adapted by presuming that there is a variation in the degree of exposure, vulnerability and biophysical variables. Within Australia and globally, PUIs are often coastal, and flood risk associated with rainfall and coastal inundation poses considerable risk to communities in the PUI; these risks will be further exacerbated should projections of increasing frequency of extreme rainfall events and accelerating sea-level rise eventuate. An indicator-based approach using the risk triangle framework that maps flood hazard, exposure and vulnerability was used to integrate the biophysical and socio-economic flooding risk for communities in PUI of the St Georges Basin and Sussex Inlet catchments of south-eastern Australia. Integrating the flood risk triangle with future scenarios of demographic and climate change, and considering factors that contribute to PUI flood risk, facilitated the identification of planning strategies that would reduce the future rate of increase in flood risk. These planning strategies are useful for natural resource managers and land use planners across Australia and globally, who are tasked with balancing socio-economic prosperity for a changing population, whilst maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services and values. The indicator-based approach used in this study provides a cost-effective first-pass risk assessment and is a valuable tool for decision makers planning for flood risk across PUIs in NSW and globally.

Changes in grassland ecosystem function due to extreme rainfall events: implications for responses to climate change

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1600-1608 ◽  
Author(s):  
PHILIP A. FAY ◽  
DAWN M. KAUFMAN ◽  
JESSE B. NIPPERT ◽  
JONATHAN D. CARLISLE ◽  
CHRISTOPHER W. HARPER
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecosystem Function ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Grassland Ecosystem ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events

scholarly journals Spatial-temporal trends analysis of flood events in the Republic of Armenia in the context of climate change

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (S1) ◽  
pp. 289-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hrachuhi Galstyan ◽  
Shamshad Khan ◽  
Hovik Sayadyan ◽  
Artur Sargsyan ◽  
Tatevik Safaryan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Trend Test ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Events Data

Abstract The primary goal of the study is to analyze the spatial-temporal trends and distribution of flood events in the context of climate change in Armenia. For that purpose, some meteorological parameters, physical-geographical factors and the flood events data were studied for the 1994–2019 period. The linear trends demonstrate an increasing tendency of air temperature and precipitation. Those trends expressed increased flood occurrences, especially for the 2000s, whereas the Mann–Kendall (MK) trend test reveals no significant change. The number of flood events reaches its maximum in 2011 with its peak in May. Out of 191 flood events, half of the occurrences are recorded in the flat areas and southern aspects of the mountains (22% of the country's territory). There is a certain clustering of flood events in the areas with up to 5° slopes (66% of flood events). The most flood vulnerable areas were analyzed and mapped via Geographical Information System (GIS). The GIS-based mapping shows the location of flood vulnerable areas in the central, northern parts of the country, and the coastal areas of Lake Sevan. Our methodological approach elaborates the localization of flood-prone sites. It can be used for the flood hazard assessment mapping and risk management.

scholarly journals Are Soybean Yields Getting a Free Ride From Climate Change? Evidence From Argentine Time Series

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hildegart Ahumada ◽  
Magdalena Cornejo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Equilibrium Correction

Soybean yields are often indicated as an interesting case of climate change mitigation due to the beneficial effects of CO2 fertilization. In this paper we econometrically study this effect using a time series model of yields in a multivariate framework for a main producer and exporter of this commodity, Argentina. We have to deal with the upward behavior of soybean yields trying to identify which variables are the long-run determinants responsible of its observed trend. With this aim we adopt a partial system approach to estimate subsets of long-run relationships due to climate, technological and economic factors. Using an automatic selection algorithm we evaluate encompassing of the different obtained equilibrium correction models. We found that only technological innovations due to new crop practices and the use of modified seeds explain soybean yield in the long run. Regarding short run determinants we found positive effects associated with the use of standard fertilizers and also from changes in atmospheric CO2 concentration which would suggest a mitigation effect from global warming. However, we also found negative climate effects from periods of droughts associated with La Niña episodes, high temperatures and extreme rainfall events during the growing season of the plant.

scholarly journals Integrating Strategic Environmental Assessment to Climate Change Adaption in the Chao Phraya River Basin: Case Study Flood Management Plans in Ayutthaya

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. p55
Author(s):  
Wilawan Boonsri Prathaithep ◽  
Vilas Nitivattananon
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Flood Risk ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Flood Management ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Strategic Environmental Assessment ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Traditionally, flood management has concentrated on providing protection against floods using technical measures, but there is currently an international shift towards a more integrated system of flood risk management, whereby flood risk is defined as the probability of flooding multiplied by the potential consequences. Climate change is a great challenge to sustainable development and the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in Thailand. The main purpose of this paper is to highlight the challenges associated with the current situation and projected impacts of climate change on the disasters and the human environment in Thailand, to review and explore the potential of Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA), and to propose SEA in making informed decisions relevant to the implementation of the new adaptation framework in a flood management plan. Thus, current measures on how Thailand is responding to the recent impacts of climate change in river basin planning are presented. It is imperative that an appropriate environmental assessment tool, such as SEA be employed in making rational decisions regarding adaptation frameworks. SEA offers a structured and proactive environmental tool for integrating of climate change adaption into formulating Policies, Plans, and Programs (PPPs) among relevant sectors.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF VULNERABILITY IN AGRICULTURAL LAND IN FLOOD PRONE AREAS AND APPLICATION OF MOBILE SMART PHONE IN PROVIDING FLOOD HAZARD INFORMATION IN LAM RIVER BASIN (VIETNAM)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-264
Author(s):  
Nguyen DUNG ◽  
◽  
Dang MINH ◽  
Bui AN ◽  
Nguyen NGA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Flood Management ◽  
Drainage Density ◽  
Slope Length ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
High Hazard ◽  
Very High

Floods are considered to be one of the most costly natural hazards in the Lam river basin causing infrastructure damages as well as devastating the affected area and relatively high death toll. So prevention is necessary for shielding lives and properties. The flood management on the Lam River basin has been considering for many years to minimize damages caused by flooding. The flood hazard zoning map is one of the indispensable tools to provide information about hazard and risk levels in a particular area and to perform the necessary preventive and preparedness procedures. The multicriteria decision analysis based on geographic information systems is used to build a flood hazard map of the study area. The analytic hierarchy process is applied to extract the weights of six criteria affecting the areas where are prone to flooding hazards, including rainfall, slope, relative slope length, soil, land cover, and drainage density. The results showed in 91.32 % (20103.83 km2) of the basin located in the moderate hazard zones to very high hazard zones. Accordingly, this study also determined 4 vulnerability levels to agricultural land including low, medium, high, and very high. About 94% of the total area of agricultural land in the basin are classified into moderate to the very high hazard of flood vulnerability. The paper presents a method that allows flood risk areas in the Lam River basin to receive information about flood risks on a smartphone, making them more aware.

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