scholarly journals Helophyte mats (wetland roofs) with high evapotranspiration rates as a tool for decentralised rainwater management – process stability improved by simultaneous greywater treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 808-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Zehnsdorf ◽  
Michael Blumberg ◽  
Roland A. Müller
Keyword(s):  
Housing Stock ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Management Process ◽  
Nutrient Requirements ◽  
Process Stability ◽  
Additional Advantage ◽  
Sewer Systems ◽  
Rainwater Management

Abstract Redensification of the housing stock is also creating challenges for the drainage of wastewater and rainwater in existing sewer systems, particularly in growing cities. One alternative here is the evaporation of rainwater, which reduces hydraulic loads on sewers. Rainwater evapotranspiration using helophyte mats on building roofs is a possible approach. Helophytes are able to transpire considerably more rainwater than extensively planted green roofs. Other than conventional green roofs helophyte mats in the form of wetland roofs require a permanent water supply on a daily basis. Greywater application can be an additional advantage in terms of nutrient supply of the wetland roof after being treated microbiologically within the plant carrier mat. The treatment of greywater using a helophyte-planted roof can help to meet the water and nutrient requirements of the helophytes even during rain-free periods. However, it must be ensured that the root mat treats the greywater to a sufficient extent. It was shown under practical conditions that a 0.1 m-thick helophyte mat is suitable for treating typical domestic greywater at loads of up to 15 L m−2 d−1.

Rainwater Management to Mitigate the Effects of Development on the Urban Hydrologic Cycle

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Bradford ◽  
Chris Denich
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Stormwater Management ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Hydrologic Cycle ◽  
Porous Pavement ◽  
Rainwater Management ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Stream Erosion

Traditional stormwater management approaches that rely on rapid conveyance and end-of-pipe detention have not adequately mitigated the effects of urbanization on water resources and the aquatic and human communities that rely upon them. Low-impact development techniques that can support a shift to management of the post-development hydrologic cycle and runoff volumes offer better opportunities to prevent stream erosion and protect groundwater recharge, characteristics of the flow regime and water quality. The application and design of four techniques—porous pavement, bioretention cells, green roofs and rainwater harvesting— in the management of the post-development water balance are presented.

Nutrients Within Integrated Bleached Kraft Mills: Sources and Behaviour in Aerated Stabilisation Basins

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Slade ◽  
C. M. Nicol ◽  
J. Grigsby
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Pulp And Paper Industry ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Nutrient Requirements ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nutrient Supplementation ◽  
Nutrient Sources ◽  
Kraft Mill

As constraints on the discharge of nitrogen and phosphorus from the pulp and paper industry become tighter, a thorough knowledge of nutrient sources, and their behaviour through treatment systems, is required. Once nutrient behaviour has been characterised, strategies to minimise discharge can be formulated. A survey of nutrient sources around a modern ECF integrated bleached kraft mill showed that point sources of nitrogen and phosphorus could be identified. Approximately 40% of the nitrogen was contained in the foul condensate stream and 40% of the phosphorus contained in the acid stage of bleaching. Three Aerated Stabilisation Basin treatment systems were studied, two of which were nutrient limited in terms of theoretical nutrient requirements. All three systems achieved approximately 90% BOD removal without nutrient supplementation. For the wastewater with a high BOD:N ratio (100:0.8), nitrogen fixation was shown to be important. Benthic recycling was a more important mechanism when the BOD:N ratio was lower (100:2.1). For a severely phosphorus limited wastewater (BOD:P 100:0.04), treated in a system with a long retention time (85 d), benthic recycling was the predominant mechanism for nutrient supply. The relative roles of nitrogen fixation and benthic feed back to the nitrogen cycle in aerated stabilisation basins are discussed.

scholarly journals The Establishment of Experimental Green Roofs

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Věra Hubačíková ◽  
Lenka Filipová ◽  
Petr Pelikán
Keyword(s):  
Green Roofs ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Retention Efficiency ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Rainwater Management ◽  
Experimental Plots

The aim of the work was establishment of research green roofs on Mendel University in Brno. The experimental green roofs were established in August 2015 and it is based on current issues of rainwater management and the quality of storm water launched into recipients or sewage system. There is a valid legislation addressing the management of rainwater in environment – decree no. 268/2009, Coll., and decree no. 269/2009, Coll. Four experimental plots were created and placed in Mendel University Campus. It was hypothesized that different types of experimental plots will result in different amount of retained water and in different quality of water runoff. Resulting hypotheses proved statistically significant difference between the height of rainfall and runoff height on individual types of green roofs. In addition, it was shown that the different types of roofs prove statistically significant difference in the ability to reduce runoff (retention efficiency).

scholarly journals Comprehensive study of the percolation of water from surface runoff with an emphasis on the retention capacity and intensity of precipitation

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (12) ◽  
pp. 2407-2416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Zeleňáková ◽  
Petr Hluštík ◽  
Hany F. Abd-Elhamid ◽  
Zuzana Vranayová ◽  
Gabriel Markovič ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Technical Standards ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Sewer Systems ◽  
Management Technology ◽  
Rainwater Management ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Comprehensive Study

Abstract Urban hydrology was created in order to improve methods of managing the runoff of precipitation in towns and protect them from flooding while also protecting public health and environment. The essence of a future solution consists in finding an acceptable compromise of an alternative solution for draining rainwater from a territory. The content of this work is a study focused on resolving the percolation of water from surface runoff and the confrontation between a field test, laboratory analysis, and numerical analysis. By confronting and subsequently proposing conditions for percolation, documents will be created for making urban drainage better and more efficient. The reason for the origin of the subject work follows from the insufficient information on infiltration systems in Slovak technical standards and, likewise, the lack of support for the percolation of water from surface runoff. This work points out the approaches, principles, and fundamentals of a proposal for percolation. The aim of the work is distribution of scientific knowledge in the field of research and solutions for the percolation of water from surface runoff, with emphasis placed on the retention capacity of the selected territory and the intensity of precipitation. A geological study (orientational, detailed or supplementary) must always be conducted with any decision on rainwater percolation in a certain locality. Its range is dependent on the difficulty and type of construction. The preliminary study of areal condition should be focused on detailed engineering-geological and hydrological information. After this work, it is concluded that the percolation of rainwater in urban areas with suitable hydrogeological condition is an effective rainwater management technology as well as protection to congestion of sewer systems.

scholarly journals Rental and Management Policy of Municipal Residential Buildings: Housing Policy. Case Study of Riga (Part One)

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 287-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armands Puķītis ◽  
Iveta Puķīte ◽  
Ineta Geipele
Keyword(s):  
Housing Policy ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Housing Stock ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Residential Property ◽  
Management Process ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Quality Maintenance ◽  
Management Processes

Abstract The present scientific article is the first part of two publications, where the authors obtain results from the scientific research for municipal residential property legal aspects and housing policy, as well as risks in the maintenance of the housing stock. To ensure the fulfillment of the functions prescribed by law in relation to the provision of living space, each municipality owns a number of rental apartments. Some municipalities even build special dwellings aimed to fulfil this function. Housing management involves the implementation of a specific process prescribed by both the law and the principles of good governance. However, all management processes are subject to risks that can endanger the implementation of the entire management process. To ensure efficient and high-quality maintenance of the management process, risk assessment is required. In order to successfully implement all these activities, first of all, there is a need for a legal framework that will stipulate the obligations, responsibilities, rights of the persons involved, as well as a series of measures that determine the actions to be taken to ensure the successful maintenance of the housing stock. The aim of the article is to investigate and analyse the regulation of the rent of the legal relations of the municipal property that is used as rental apartments, the management processes of municipal residential property and their compliance with regulatory enactments, as well as to define risks that prevent the efficient and high-quality maintenance of the housing stock.

scholarly journals Unlocking the Residential Retrofitting Potential in a Three-Degree World: A Holistic Approach to Passive Design in Hot Climates

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Abdulmajeed Aldabesh ◽  
Jassmen Soufi ◽  
Siddig Omer ◽  
Abdullah Haredy
Keyword(s):  
Housing Stock ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Reflective Coating ◽  
Vision 2030 ◽  
Performance Benchmark ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Shading Devices

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), as one of the largest polluters worldwide, has released its Vision 2030 that seeks sustainable development via economic diversification to transition towards lower CO2 energy systems. Due to fast population and economic growth, the Kingdom is undergoing an increasing volume of construction, which is projected to exacerbate the energy-related emissions. Strategies are needed to decarbonise the housing stock and help bridge the existing performance gap with the updated Saudi Building Code (SBC). This study proposes a holistic retrofitting approach for the Saudi building industry to facilitate the identification of energy consumption reduction optimisation solutions, covering the assessment of insulation, reflective coating surfaces, sun shading devices, efficient glazing solutions, building-integrated renewables, and green roofs. The proposed flexible approach proved how blended retrofit packages provide improved performance, with rooftop photovoltaic microgeneration and improved glazing technologies singlehandedly outperforming the remaining proposals for KSA’s Riyadh climate conditions. Only the photovoltaic system could meet the simulated SBC performance benchmark independently, positioning it as an instrumental tool in improving the overall effectiveness of the retrofit packages.

scholarly journals Some relationships between soil and nutrient requirements and nutrient supply of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) with respect to types grown in Hungary

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Terbe
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Work ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Nutrient Requirements ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Protected Cultivation ◽  
Technological Improvements ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Enhanced Yield

Exports and local marketability of both pepper protected cultivation and open field pepper production depend on whether we succeed in the near future achieving developments capable of bringing about significant improvement of yield and quality, as well as enhanced yield security. Results from experiments and surveys carried out on farms involved in production suggest that nutrient management is one of the factors whose development could considerably improve the marketability of pepper. Technological improvements in the field of nutrient supply are also urged by the more and more demanding environmental regulations, so it is inevitable to introduce a balanced system of nutrient supply system for pepper as well. The article is a collection and summary of the relevant results of 30-year experimental work in Hungary.

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