Occurrence of emerging contaminants in environmental surface waters and their analytical methodology – a review

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1871-1884 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Manuel Galindo-Miranda ◽  
Cecilia Guízar-González ◽  
Elías J. Becerril-Bravo ◽  
Gabriela Moeller-Chávez ◽  
Elizabeth León-Becerril ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Ionization Source ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Water Contaminants

Abstract A new concern about surface water quality is the occurrence of emerging contaminants that have being recognized as a new class of water contaminants such as antibiotics, hormones, pesticides, personal care products and pharmaceutical products. The occurrence of these contaminants in the aquatic environment and especially in surface water is a serious concern because this is usually the source of water for drinking water treatment plants (DWTP). This review provides a summary of the occurrence and the analytical methodology (extraction process, chromatography analysis, detection systems and ionization source) of emerging contaminant analysis in surface waters including rivers, lakes, creeks and wetlands for their analysis.

scholarly journals MONITORING ASSESSMENT OF THE SURFACE WATER QUALITY WITHIN THE AREAS FOR THE MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
O. Azimov ◽  
I. Kuraeva ◽  
O. Trofymchuk ◽  
K. Zlobina ◽  
S. Karmazynenko
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Adjacent Area ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal ◽  
The North ◽  
North Western

The monitoring ecological hydro-geochemical investigations for the surface waters of the north-western part of Landfill No 5 for the municipal solid waste disposal and the adjacent area are carried out. Based on analyses of surface water samples taken from the existing ponds, it was found that they are polluted by wastewater with the high content of predominantly organic toxicants. Most likely the latter comes from both the Sections and ponds-collectors of leachate or from the pig farm, which is located near the Landfill but hypsometrically higher in relief. More studies are required in order to specify the answer. On the other hand, surface waters beyond the Landfill area are characterized by the ecological and hydrogeochemical indicators, which are not higher than the maximum allowable concentrations, although they are higher than the background ones. This indicates that the considerable outflow of chemical pollutants together with the surface waters from the north-western Landfill No 5 area beyond its borders is absent for more than a year. Only the short-time periodic monitoring of the water bodies within the territory of interest would allow to determine such time intervals when water could be polluted by various toxicants.

Risk-based water quality thresholds for coliphages in surface waters: effect of temperature and contamination aging

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 2031-2041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandria B. Boehm
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment ◽  
Assessment Framework ◽  
Microbial Risk Assessment ◽  
Microbial Risk

A quantitative microbial risk assessment framework is used to derive risk-based surface water quality thresholds for coliphages.

Assessment of the State of Surface Waters Using Reusable Solid-Phase Polymer Indicators in the Field Environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Злобина ◽  
V. Zlobina ◽  
Черкасова ◽  
T. Cherkasova ◽  
Мизиев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
The State ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Wide Range

As a result of many years of economic activity, a large number of anthropogenic factors arise that change the dynamics of the transformation of the quality of surface waters. The growing deterioration in their quality is due to the long-term impact of various pollution sources (industrial production, road transport, agriculture, technogenic deposits, heat power facilities, oil and gas pipelines, etc.). However, a wide range of heavy metals enters the surface waters, along with the increase in macrocomponents during technogenic dispersion of toxicants. This requires a systemic evaluation of surface water. Modern methods are based on the use of devices that have been used up, recyclable or disposable paper sets with a perceptible range of error in the determination. In this paper, for the rapid analysis of the state of surface waters on the presence of heavy metals, solid-state polymer indicators were used. The possibility of non-laboratory application in practice of color solid-state polymeric indicators of reusable use, preserving shades of color for two years or more, is shown. Characteristics of indicators were studied in laboratory conditions and tested in the study of lake and river water in several Russian regions (Lake Valday, Polomet River, Onego Lake, etc.). The developed methodology is based on the testimony of four parameters: temperature, pH; The changed color of the polymer indicator, followed by a comparison of pH and color with the indicator’s reference scale; Of the total index of water pollution by heavy metals. Comparing the results with the indicators of the working scale, in which all four indicators are included, the estimation of the level of contamination by heavy metals of surface waters with high accuracy is carried out. In addition, this method makes it possible to establish the significant role of bottom sediments in the formation of surface water quality. The results of the carried out research make it possible to increase the number of observations in time and space and to obtain a significant amount of information base on the ecological state of water bodies during their monitoring.

scholarly journals Evaluating Fecal Indicator and Pathogen Relationships in Sewage Impacted Surface Waters to Blend with Reclaimed Water for Potable Reuse in North Carolina

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1603
Author(s):  
Emily S. Bailey ◽  
Margret Hopkins ◽  
Lisa Casanova ◽  
Mark D. Sobsey
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Reclaimed Wastewater ◽  
Fecal Indicator ◽  
Potable Reuse ◽  
Indicator Microorganisms

Surface waters used for drinking water supply often receive upstream wastewater effluent inputs, resulting in de facto wastewater reuse for drinking water and recreation. As populations grow, demands on water supplies increase. As this trend continues, it creates the need to understand the risks associated with such reuse. In North Carolina, potable reuse has been proposed as a combination of at least 80% surface water with up to 20% tertiary-treated, dual-disinfected, reclaimed wastewater, which is then stored for 5 days and further treated using conventional drinking water treatment methods. The state of North Carolina has set standards for both intake surface water and for the reclaimed water produced by wastewater utilities, using indicator microorganisms to measure compliance. The goal of this study was to quantify fecal indicator microorganisms, specifically E. coli, coliphages, and C. perfringens as well as key pathogens, specifically Salmonella spp. bacteria, adenoviruses, noroviruses, and the protozoan parasites Cryptosporidium and Giardia, in two types of water representing potential candidates for potable reuse in North Carolina, (1) run of river surface water and (2) sewage-impacted surface waters, with the purpose of determining if there are predictive relationships between these two microorganism groups that support microbial indicator reliability.

scholarly journals On the issue of the Uzbekistan surface water quality assessment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Hazard Class ◽  
Difficult Situation

The article is devoted to the analysis of the quality of surface water in Uzbekistan. Analyzed their impact on the living conditions and health of the population of the republic. The most difficult situation with drinking water supply and with the growth of diseases caused by the use of poor-quality drinking water falls on the Navoi, Khorezm, Surkhandarya regions and Karakalpakstan. The stated data makes it relevant to conduct research to determine the quality of surface waters and improve the methods of its assessment. The analysis of existing methods for assessing the quality of surface waters. The technique of assessment of the index of pollution of water applied now in Uzbekistan counted in compliance with “Methodical recommendations about the formalized complex evaluation test of the surface and ocean waters about hydro/chemical indexes” was developed in Soviet period and doesn’t meet the modern requirements. The need to improve the methods for assessing the quality of surface waters as compared with that currently used in Uzhydromet is indicated. One of the most promising at present is the “Method of integrated assessment of the degree of contamination of surface waters by hydro/chemical indicators” developed and used in operational practice in Russia. The most informative comprehensive estimat water pollution and the class of water quality. The author proposed methods for assessing the quality of surface waters, the calculation of which is based on the use of a larger amount of initial information and are more reliable than those used. In particular, the proposed methodology for assessing the quality of surface waters, taking into account the hazard class of ingredients.

scholarly journals Surface water quality of small rivers in the Ukrainian regions of right-bank Polissia

2021 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. 10005
Author(s):  
Igor Gopchak ◽  
Tеtiana Basiuk ◽  
Artem Yatsyk ◽  
Oksana Yaromenko
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Ecological Index ◽  
Satisfactory Condition

The quality of surface waters of small rivers of the Ukrainian regions of right-bank Polissia, belonging to the basin of the river Pripyat, was estimated. The study was conducted via systematic observations based on the ecological classification of surface water quality of land and estuaries of Ukraine, which includes a set of hydrophysical, hydrochemical, hydrobiological and other indicators, which were grouped into three blocks of indicators: salt composition of water; tropho-saprobiological (ecologicalsanitary) block; specific substances of toxic action. The integrated (ecological) index was determined, by which the class and category of surface water quality were established. The results of observations on the quality of surface waters of the rivers of the Ukrainian regions of right-bank Polissia indicate their satisfactory condition. Surface waters, on average, correspond to the II class of water quality, and the worst - to the III class. Water protection measures have been proposed to improve the ecological condition of small river basins in specified region.

scholarly journals Validation of analytical methodology for determination of Personal Care Products in environmental matrix by GC-MSMS

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Tais Cristina Filippe ◽  
Franciane De Almeida Brehm Goulart ◽  
Alinne Mizukawa ◽  
Júlio César Rodrigues de Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Personal Care Products ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Environmental Relevance

The presence of personal care products in the environment is recent and relatively few researches work with the quantification of this class of emerging contaminants in Brazil. However, a wide variety of these products is continuously released into the aquatic environment. The growing interest in these substances occurs mainly because they exhibit biological activity in very low concentrations, which gives great environmental relevance. The difficulty of detecting and quantifying such contaminants in the environment encourages the development and validation of appropriate analytical methods for this purpose. Therefore, the present study aims to validate a methodology and verify its efficiency in the determination of six personal care products, among them parabens and triclosan. The samples were submitted to the solid phase extraction process and were later analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry for the determination of personal care products. The validation of the methodology used was based on the standards established by the National Health Surveillance Agency. The extraction and quantification method were efficient for the determination of these analytes in water samples.

scholarly journals Impact of farming intensity reduction in the Šumava foothills region on changes in soil organic matter and surface water quality

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 377-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Kolář ◽  
J. Gergel ◽  
M. Šindelářová ◽  
S. Kužel
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Water Analyses

Samples of soils and surface waters were analysed in the &Scaron;umava foothills region in nine watersheds with an area 78.5 km<sup>2</sup> in 1986&ndash;1987 and in 2001. Lower intensity of fertilization and liming and other changes in Czech agriculture were found to result in a&nbsp;decrease in the content of cold and hot water soluble carbon (Cw&nbsp;and Chws) in the soil; the content of biologically decomposable matter expressed as BOD<sub>5</sub>&nbsp;and BOD<sub>t</sub>&nbsp;of water extract of soil also decreased. The values of rate constants k&nbsp;of BOD kinetics of soil suspension indicate that the most valuable fast decomposable organic matter in the soils of this region have practically been mineralized to HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>&ndash;</sup>, which are gradually eluted from soils and their increased amounts are present in surface waters. On the contrary, the transport of N-NO<sub>3</sub><sup>&ndash;</sup>&nbsp;decreased to 66.3% of the value in 1986, that of N-NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>&nbsp;to 7.1% while the ratios C:N and N:P increased as a&nbsp;result of lower P elution in relation to lower N elution. COD<sub>Mn</sub>&nbsp;showing the proportion of readily decomposable matter increased. A&nbsp;decrease in conductivity, i.e. in the content of dissolved salts in waters, was highly significant. These results warn against an optimistic interpretation of surface water analyses that indicate positive impacts of farming intensity reduction on the landscape. The results in the &Scaron;umava foothills region demonstrate that a&nbsp;major part of the most valuable components of soil productivity, decomposable organic matter, has already been decomposed, so their content in the soil has decreased. Natural sources (roots, root exudates, plant residues) are not able to ensure an equilibrium balance of these valuable matters at a&nbsp;lower farming intensity.

scholarly journals Phosphorus Fluxes in a Restored Carolina Bay Wetland Following Eight Years of Restoration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colby James Moorberg ◽  
Michael John Vepraskas ◽  
Christopher Paul Niewoehner ◽  
Jeffrey Greville White ◽  
Daniel de Boucherville Richter
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Atmospheric Deposition ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Wetland Mitigation ◽  
Carolina Bay ◽  
Runoff Water ◽  
Soil P

Abstract Restoring wetlands on agricultural land can release soil P to surface waters. Phosphorus is a limiting nutrient in many freshwater systems, thus restricting its release will improve surface water quality. A P balance was used to examine how P was cycling in a Carolina Bay wetland eight years after restoration from prior-drained agricultural land. The change in soil P was evaluated between archived samples taken at restoration (2005), and eight years after restoration (2013). Measured P fluxes included atmospheric deposition, plant uptake, and loss to surface water outflow. The soil total P pool at the time of restoration was 810 kg P ha -1 . No significant (α=0.05) decrease in the soil P pool was observed. Atmospheric deposition contributed 7 kg P ha-1, plants accumulated 28 kg Pha-1 and incorporated 27 P ha-1 into woody biomass and 1 kg P ha-1 on the forest floor litter, and 1.7 kg P ha-1 was lost to surface waters draining the wetland. Because the loss of P to surface waters was small, and because runoff water concentrations of P declined through this period of study to concentrations below those likely to cause eutrophication (< 0.1 mg L-1), we concluded that the wetland was not contributing to the degradation of surface water quality of nearby streams following restoration. Further, relatively “isolated” wetlands such as that studied may be promising sites for future wetland mitigation projects due to limited impacts on surface water quality.

scholarly journals ECOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF SURFACE WATER QUALITY OF ROSTAVYTSIA RIVER

2020 ◽  
pp. 86-92
Author(s):  
Pavlo Smilii ◽  
Mykhailo Melniychuk
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Surface Water Quality ◽  
Ecological Assessment ◽  
Salt Composition

Purpose – perform ecological assessment of the surface waters of the Rostavytsia river within the Zhytomyr region. Method. Environmental assessment of the surface water of the Rostavytsia river was carried out using the system of classification of standards for the assessment of surface water quality of Ukraine. On the basis of common environmental criteria, the methodology makes it possible to compare the quality of water at different sites of water bodies, in water bodies of different regions. The calculation of the ecological assessment of water quality was carried out within three blocks: block of salt composition (І1), block of trophic-saprobiological (ecological-sanitary) indicators (І2) and block of indicators of content of specific substances of toxic action (І3). The results are presented in the form of a combined environmental assessment based on the final conclusions of the three blocks and based on the calculation of the integrated environmental index (IE). Results. Omprehensive studies on changing the water quality of the Rostavytsia river were conducted within the Zhytomyr region during 2016-2017. The water quality of the river according to the final values of the integral indicators of water quality of the three blocks varies within the II and III quality classes. The total environmental indices (IE) for the mean and worst indices are 3,2 and 3,3 respectively. In general, the water quality along the main channel of the Rostavytsia river within the Zhytomyr region corresponds to the second class, 3 categories, 3 subcategories according to the average quality indicators and 3(4) subcategories by worst performance. The total values of the integral surface water quality indicators of the Rostavytsia river indicate their contamination by trophic-saprobiological components. Scientific novelty. For the first time, on the basis of analytical studies and stock materials, an ecological assessment of the surface waters of the Rostavytsia river within the Zhytomyr region was carried out by three blocks of indicators: salt composition, trophic-saprobiological indicators and specific toxic substances. The integral ecological index is determined. The trends of pollutants accumulation in the surface waters of the Rostavytsia river have been established. Practical significance. The conducted researches allowed to analyze and evaluate the ecological status of the surface waters of the Rostavytsia river within the Zhytomyr region, which will allow to establish ecological standards of water quality and on this basis to determine the main directions for improvement of water resources and to substantiate the system of recommendations aimed at improving the ecological status of the studied basin.

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