Past and Pending Decisions Controlling San Francisco Bay and Delta

1984 ◽  
Vol 16 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 667-676
Author(s):  
W T Davoren ◽  
J E Ayres
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
San Francisco Bay ◽  
Golden Gate ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
San Jose ◽  
River Deltas ◽  
The Past ◽  
San Joaquin River ◽  
Land And Water Management

Over the past 130 years, the largest inland estuary of America's west coast, the San Francisco Bay and Delta,1 has been altered greatly by land and water development. To the detriment of estuarine processes and indicator species, upstream impoundments, diversions and pumped exports from the Delta have reduced river flows by 50 percent or more. Long-term effects of the upstream impoundments and removals are just beginning to be understood. Additional storage and diversion units are planned. The responsibility for repelling salinity intrusion from the Bay to the Delta's waters is not clearly defined. Additionally, drainage projects are underway to transport land-derived salts from inland irrigated areas for discharge into the Bay's headwaters. Also, the threat of levee collapse in the Delta from erosion and subsidence advances yearly. Navigation, agriculture, recreation and fish/wildlife needs further complicate land and water management challenges in the Delta. This paper appraises the present realities produced by past projects and policies. 1Delta is used throughout as a California place name that applies to the combined areas of the Sacramento and San Joaquin River deltas (Fig. 2). The Bay begins at Chipps Island, just below the confluence of the two rivers, and extends to Golden Gate on the west and San Jose on the south (Fig. 1).

Organizational Reforms as Routines

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Brunsson
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Effects ◽  
The Past ◽  
Limited Experience

This chapter argues that organizational reforms are driven by problems to be addressed, by solutions to be applied, and by forgetfulness. The greater the supply of any of these factors, the more likely it is that reforms will occur. Without problems, reforms are difficult to justify; without solutions they cannot be formulated; and without forgetfulness there is a risk that people will be discouraged by the fact that similar reforms have been tried and have failed in the past. In contemporary large organizations, problems tend to be easily found. Those interested in selling solutions often try to supply problems as well — problems that can be solved by their solutions. Forgetfulness can be promoted by the use of consultants with limited experience of the implementation and long-term effects of reforms. Reforms are also self-referential; they tend to cause new reforms. Thus, reforms can be considered as routines: they are likely to be repeated over and over again.

scholarly journals Let There Be a Firmament in the Midst of the Waters

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-136
Author(s):  
Brock Winstead
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
San Francisco Bay ◽  
World's Fair ◽  
Golden Gate ◽  
Design History ◽  
International Exposition ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Treasure Island

Treasure Island in San Francisco Bay was created to host the Golden Gate International Exposition, a World’s Fair, in 1939-40. The fair was an expression of an idealized order of both design and international relations. Neither survived much longer than the fair itself. The author considers the creation and re-creation of Treasure Island and the problem of building for an uncertain, ultimately unknowable future. This article is a critical appreciation of Andrew Shanken’s Into the Void Pacific, a design history of the fair.

scholarly journals Peer Victimization in Middle Childhood: Characteristics, Causes, and Consequences of School Bullying

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zopito Marini
Keyword(s):  
Peer Victimization ◽  
Middle Childhood ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
School Bullying ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
School Life ◽  
The Past

This paper focuses on a particular type of peer victimization commonly identified as school bullying. In the past. myths and inaccurate assumptions coupled with the lack of empirical data on the long term effects and stability of peer victimization have presented serious obstacles toward a greater understanding of bullying. Recent research, however, suggests that the number of students affected is much higher than previously believed, the range of behaviours involved more severe, and the consequences long-lasting; in many cases, the maladjustment for both victims and bullies can extend well into adulthood. Clearly, peer victimization is a complex and multidimensional aspect of school life that needs to be understood in greater depth and taken much more seriously because of the associated consequences. This paper will provide an overview of four central aspects of bullying, namely, the myths, characteristics, callses, and consequences.

scholarly journals Comparison of Juvenile Feed Protocols on Growth and Spawning in Zebrafish

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen C Frederickson ◽  
Mark D Steinmiller ◽  
Tiffany Rae Blaylock ◽  
Mike E Wisnieski II ◽  
James D Malley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Fertilization Rate ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
The Past ◽  
Adult Feeding ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Feeding Protocol ◽  
Spawning Success

Over the past 2 decades, zebrafish, Danio rerio, have become a mainstream laboratory animal model, yet zebrafish husbandrypractices remain far from standardized. Feeding protocols play a critical role in the health, wellbeing, and productivity ofzebrafish laboratories, yet they vary significantly between facilities. In this study, we compared our current feeding protocol for juvenile zebrafish (30 dpf to 75 dpf), a 3:1mixture of fish flake and freeze-dried krill fed twice per day with live artemia twice per day (FKA), to a diet of Gemma Micro 300 fed once per day with live artemia once per day (GMA). Our results showed that juvenile EK wild-type zebrafish fed GMA were longer and heavier than juveniles fed FKA. As compared with FKA-fed juveniles, fish fed GMA as juveniles showed better reproductive performance as measured by spawning success, fertilization rate, and clutch size. As adults, fish from both feeding protocols were acclimated to our standard adult feeding protocol, and the long-term effects of juvenile diet were assessed. At 2 y of age, the groups showed no difference in mortality or fecundity. Reproductive performance is a crucial aspect of zebrafish research, as much of the research focuses on the developing embryo. Here we show that switching juvenile zebrafish from a mixture of flake and krill to Gemma Micro 300 improves reproductive performance, even with fewer feedings of live artemia, thus simplifying husbandry practices.

The Final Score

2020 ◽  
pp. 201-210
Author(s):  
Steven M. Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Professional Athlete ◽  
The Past ◽  
Personal Empowerment ◽  
Final Score ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Over Time

The conclusion provides some final observations about the longitudinal research itself and its short- and long-term effects on the women involved. It briefly touches on the few areas of the sport marriage that have seen improvement in the past few decades, discusses the conscious decisions the women make to continue normalizing the career-dominated marriage, and reports on how the marriages fared over time. It also describes the women’s personal empowerment as a result of their participation in the research. Finally, it summarizes the advice and suggested keys to a successful sport marriage that the wives in both studies offered, based on their lived experience. This overview essentially describes how and why the wife of a male professional athlete must adapt to realities if she wants her marriage to survive her husband’s career and retirement.

Stress Distribution in Joints in Panel Structures

2015 ◽  
Vol 1124 ◽  
pp. 209-218
Author(s):  
Pavel Svoboda ◽  
Karl Heinz Winter
Keyword(s):  
Practical Experience ◽  
Elastic Behavior ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Structural Members ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Linear Elastic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current Design

Reinforced and pre-stressed concrete have been used increasingly for various kinds of complex structures in the past decades. The structures assembled from panels belong into this group. The current design methods rely on linear elastic analyses based on empirically derived material laws assuming homogeneous and isotropic material. Practical experience and various investigations however have indicated that majority of structures and structural elements are in fact stressed beyond the range of linear elastic behavior. In addition, long term effects may have a significant influence on the structural behavior of this category of structures and structural members.

Seasonal, interannual, and long-term variation in sport fish contamination, San Francisco Bay

2005 ◽  
Vol 336 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 25-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben K. Greenfield ◽  
Jay A. Davis ◽  
Russell Fairey ◽  
Cassandra Roberts ◽  
David Crane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
San Francisco Bay ◽  
Term Variation ◽  
Sport Fish ◽  
Fish Contamination

Anatomic correction of congenitally corrected transposition and its close cousins

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (S3) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward L. Bove ◽  
Richard G. Ohye ◽  
Eric J. Devaney ◽  
Hiromi Kurosawa ◽  
Toshiharu Shin'oka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
The Past ◽  
Congenital Cardiac Malformation ◽  
Associated Malformations ◽  
Atrioventricular Discordance ◽  
Congenitally Corrected Transposition ◽  
Corrected Transposition

The congenital cardiac malformation characterized by discordant connections between the atriums and ventricles, as well as those between the ventricles and the arterial trunks, has been given many names. The terms atrioventricular discordance, l-transposition of the great arteries, ventricular inversion, and congenitally corrected transposition have all been used. Regardless of terminology, this complex congenital anomaly has only recently been studied to analyze the long-term effects of its natural history and outcomes following traditional surgical repair of the associated malformations which serve to uncorrect the circulatory pathways. As more patients survive into adulthood, the effects of this condition are now better understood, and the surgical approaches used in the past are being re-examined in light of longer-term follow up.

scholarly journals Acceptability of Naloxone Dispensing Among Pharmacists

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian Do ◽  
Emily Behar ◽  
Caitlin Turner ◽  
Michelle Geier ◽  
Phillip Coffin
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Instructional Materials ◽  
Primary Care Clinics ◽  
Prescriptive Authority ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mandatory Training ◽  
Safety Net Clinics ◽  
The Common

Background: The San Francisco Department of Public Health initiated naloxone prescribing at 6 safety net clinics. We evaluated this intervention, demonstrating that naloxone prescribing from primary care clinics is feasible and acceptable. Objective: To evaluate acceptability of naloxone dispensing to patients prescribed opioids among pharmacists serving clinics participating in a naloxone intervention. Methods: We surveyed 58 pharmacists from November 2013 through January 2015 at pharmacies that serviced San Francisco safety net clinics. Surveys collected information on demographics, experiences in dispensing naloxone, and interest in prescriptive authority. We conducted descriptive analyses and assessed bivariate relationships. Results: Most respondents were staff (56.9%) or supervising pharmacists (34.5%). Most (92.9%) were aware their pharmacy stocked naloxone and 86.8% felt it should be prescribed to some or all patients on long-term opioids. Most (82.1%) dispensed naloxone at least once in the past 12 months. More than half were comfortable providing naloxone education. Nearly half (43.4%) indicated they would want authority to furnish without a prescription. Over half (55.2%) reported no problems dispensing. The common problem was insufficient naloxone knowledge. Only 12% reported more than one problem in dispensing naloxone, which was associated with being uncomfortable with educating patients ( P = .03). Conclusion: Naloxone dispensing was acceptable among pharmacists. Their most cited problem was insufficient naloxone education. This may be resolved with improved instructional materials, incentives for patient education, or mandatory training.

Marine Operation of Gas Turbine Engines and Waterjet Pumps for Small Passenger Vessels

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Kowleski ◽  
C. D. Harrington
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
High Speed ◽  
San Francisco Bay ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Gas Turbine Engines ◽  
Golden Gate ◽  
Operational Problem ◽  
Golden Gate Bridge ◽  
Selection Of

This paper describes the planning, developmental, equipment selection and operational problem phases of the high-speed ferry system presently being operated on San Francisco Bay by the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District. The reasons for the selection of the vessel propulsion package consisting of gas turbine engines and waterjet pumps are discussed in some detail. Most importantly, the paper covers the problems experienced to date with this equipment in continuous marine operation.

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