Investigation of a New Approach to Predict Water Quality Extremes with a Case Study of Chemical Determinands in Stream Water

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
A. J. Jakeman ◽  
P. G. Whitehead ◽  
A. Robson ◽  
J. A. Taylor ◽  
J. Bai
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Hybrid Modelling ◽  
Trend Model ◽  
Environmental Extremes ◽  
Modelling Approach

The paper illustrates analysis of the assumptions of the statistical component of a hybrid modelling approach for predicting environmental extremes. This shows how to assess the applicability of the approach to water quality problems. The analysis involves data on stream acidity from the Birkenes catchment in Norway. The modelling approach is hybrid in that it uses: (1) a deterministic or process-based description to simulate (non-stationary) long term trend values of environmental variables, and (2) probability distributions which are superimposed on the trend values to characterise the frequency of shorter term concentrations. This permits assessment of management strategies and of sensitivity to climate variables by adjusting the values of major forcing variables in the trend model. Knowledge of the variability about the trend is provided by: (a) identification of an appropriate parametric form of the probability density function (pdf) of the environmental attribute (e.g. stream acidity variables) whose extremes are of interest, and (b) estimation of pdf parameters using the output of the trend model.

scholarly journals The consequences for stream water quality of long-term changes in landscape patterns: Implications for land use management and policies

2021 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 105679
Author(s):  
António Carlos Pinheiro Fernandes ◽  
Lisa Maria de Oliveira Martins ◽  
Fernando António Leal Pacheco ◽  
Luís Filipe Sanches Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Landscape Patterns ◽  
Land Use Management ◽  
Stream Water Quality ◽  
Long Term Changes

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF ANTHROPOGENIC ACTIVITY ON STREAM WATER QUALITY IN LANGSA, ACEH

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmy Akbar ◽  
Iwan Suyatna ◽  
Jailani Jailani ◽  
Singgih Afifa Putra ◽  
Fauziah Azmi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Surface Mining ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Stream Water Quality ◽  
Type C

Increased human activity towards the water bodies will change the condition of water quality. Case study in Langsa, Aceh, It was found that an increase in Some physical parameter (TSS) that exceeds the value determined in PP 82 of 2001 (Indonesian government standard). The high value of TSS in Station 2 and Station 3 indicates that the sediment loading to the water body is high, especially in Station 3, where the TSS concentrations far exceed the standard. Activity of type C surface mining materials tends to affect the brightness, turbidity, depth and TSS. Water conditions with low pH were also found in this study. In location studied no EPT larvae were found Keyword: Langsa, Water Quality, Stream, Total Suspended Solid, Anthropogenic Activity

scholarly journals Intercomparison of evaluation of low-flow characteristics of streams using statistical modelling approach

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-300
Author(s):  
N. VIVEKANANDAN
Keyword(s):  
Stream Water ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Statistical Modelling ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
General Level ◽  
Stream Water Quality ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Pearson Type ◽  
Modelling Approach

Lkkj & ty vkiwfrZ dh ;kstuk vkSj fMtkbu cukus] i;kZoj.kh; vkSj vkfFkZd nq"izHkkoksa dk fo’ys"k.k djus] ty/kkjk ds ikuh dh xq.krk dk ekWMqyu djus] ty/kkjk ds mi;ksxksa dks fu;fer djus rFkk izkÑfrd vkSj fu;fer ty/kkjk ra=ksa dh tkudkjh ds lkekU; Lrj esa lq/kkj ykus ds fy, ty/kkjk ds fuEu izokg y{k.kksa dk mi;ksx fd;k x;k gSA rhu fHkUu unh csfluksa uker% egkunh] xksnkojh vkSj ueZnk ds fofHkUu izR;kxeu dky ds fuEu izokg y{k.kksa dk irk yxkus ds fy, lkaf[;dh; ekWMqyu i)fr dk mi;ksx fd;k x;k gS ftlesa ckWDl&dkWDl :ikarj.k ds ekud laHkkO;rk forj.k] ykWx ukWeZy] ykWx ihvjlu Vkbi III vkSj ihvjlu Vkbi III rFkk ohcqy 'kkfey gSaA fofHkUu ty/kkjkvksa ds fuEu izokg y{k.kksa dh rqyuk djus ds fy, dkbZ oxZ ¼c2½ tk¡p dk mi;ksx  fd;k x;k gSA bl 'kks/k i= ds vuqlkj ykWx ukWeZy] ohcqy vkSj ihvjlu Vkbi III forj.k Øe’k% ueZnk]  egkunh vkSj xksnkojh unh ds fuEu izokg y{k.kksa ds fy, mfpr ik, x, gSaA blesa fuEu nkc vko`fr oØksa dk Hkh fodkl fd;k x;k gS vkSj mUgsa izLrqr fd;k x;k gSA Low-flow characteristics of streams are used in planning and design of water supplies, analysing environmental and economic impacts, modelling stream water quality, regulating instream uses, and improving the general level of understanding of natural and regulated stream systems.  Statistical modelling approach involving standard probability distributions of Box-Cox Transformation, Lognormal, Log Pearson Type III and Pearson Type III and Weibull are used to determine low-flow characteristics for different return periods for three different river basins, namely, Mahanadi, Godavari and Narmada.  Chi-square (c2) test is used for comparison of low-flow characteristics of different stream.  The paper presents that Lognormal, Weibull and Pearson Type III distributions are found to be suitable for determination of low-flow characteristics for rivers Narmada, Mahanadi and Godavari respectively.  Low-flow frequency curves are also developed and presented.

The Problem of Chronic Refugee Communities: Applying Complexity Theory to the Situation Along the Thai–Myanmar Border

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ora-Orn Poocharoen ◽  
Jeffrey D. Straussman ◽  
David E. Guinn
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Complexity Theory ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Time Dynamic ◽  
Adaptive Techniques ◽  
Dynamic Development ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Intractable long-term or chronic refugee communities present serious challenges to common refugee-management strategies. We argue that they are best understood and managed by using adaptive techniques drawn from complexity theory. To illustrate this strategy, we use the refugee communities situated along the Thai–Myanmar border as a case study. The article outlines the key elements of complexity theory, the complexity lens, for use in analysis of the problem. It then applies the complexity lens to the case study: identifying and describing the actors and networks that compose the complex system of the Thai–My refugees (the complex system) and the dynamic developments within that community over time (dynamic development). Based on this analysis, the article utilizes the complexity lens to evaluate the policy options commonly offered for the management of this ongoing refugee situation.

scholarly journals Harnessing values to save the rhinoceros: insights from Namibia

Oryx ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff R. Muntifering ◽  
Wayne L. Linklater ◽  
Susan G. Clark ◽  
Simson !Uri-≠Khob ◽  
John K. Kasaona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Joint Venture ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Regional Governance ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Individual Values ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Simple Economic

AbstractThe rate at which the poaching of rhinoceroses has escalated since 2010 poses a threat to the long-term persistence of extant rhinoceros populations. The policy response has primarily called for increased investment in military-style enforcement strategies largely based upon simple economic models of rational crime. However, effective solutions will probably require a context-specific, stakeholder-driven mix of top-down and bottom-up mechanisms grounded in theory that represents human behaviour more realistically. Using a problem-oriented approach we illustrate in theory and practice how community-based strategies that explicitly incorporate local values and institutions are a foundation for combating rhinoceros poaching effectively in specific contexts. A case study from Namibia demonstrates how coupling a locally devised rhinoceros monitoring regime with joint-venture tourism partnerships as a legitimate land use can reconcile individual values represented within a diverse stakeholder group and manifests as both formal and informal community enforcement. We suggest a social learning approach as a means by which international, national and regional governance can recognize and promote solutions that may help empower local communities to implement rhinoceros management strategies that align individual values with the long-term health of rhinoceros populations.

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