Improving the effluent quality of facultative stabilization ponds by means of submerged aerated biofilters

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Gonçalves ◽  
F. F. de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Hydraulic Loading ◽  
Stabilization Ponds ◽  
The Mean

This paper describes the use of a submerged aerated biofilter (BF) in the tertiary treatment of effluent from facultative stabilization ponds (FSP). The results, obtained over four months of tests, confirm the ability of the BF to remove algae and, principally, to achieve tertiary nitrification. For hydraulic loading rates of 2m3/m2.h, the mean efficiency of the process in the removal of algae (SS) and COD was 58% and 63% respectively. Concentrations above 70 mg SS/1 and 195 mg O2/1 (COD) in the effluent from the ponds was reduced to 30 mg SS/1 and 70 mg O2/1 (COD) in the effluent from the BF. In addition to the removal of organic forms of nitrogen and phosphorus, the biofilter also reaches the soluble COD and ammonia. Tertiary nitrification was achieved with a mean efficiency of 86% for volumetric loads of up to 0.7 kg N-NH4+/m3.day (27°C). For concentrations above 20 mg n-NH4+/1 in the feed, the process can produce with safety effluents with less than 1 mg N-NH4+/1. The period of operation between the 2 successive washings of the bed filter was in the order of three days.

Hydraulic Loading on Test of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal from Rural Sewage by Subsurface Constructed Wetlands-Ponds Composite System

2013 ◽  
Vol 779-780 ◽  
pp. 1347-1351
Author(s):  
Li Li ◽  
Quan Jin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Control Factor ◽  
Jiangxi Province ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Combined System ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Hydraulic Loading ◽  
Class B

Based on the main factor of hydraulic loading, removal of nitrogen and phosphorus and effluent quality of rural domestic wastewater were studied in subsurface constructed wetlands-ponds system in Jiangxi Province. The results showed that there had good processing results on nitrogen and phosphorusremoval by subsurface constructed wetlands-ponds system,especially on removal of phosphorus.In the combined system removal influence of nitrogen and phosphorus were affected by hydraulic loading,it was influenced more significantly for nitrogen removal and had less influence on removal effect of phosphorus relatively.When the hydraulic loading was 72 m3·m-2·d-1, removal rate of TNNH3-NTP were 75.3%76.08%86.77% respectively,which was very good for the combined system;removal rate of TNNH3-NTP were 42.67%33.62%61.72% in the subsurface constructed wetlands; removal rate of TNNH3-NTP were 32.63%42.46%25.05% in the ponds.While hydraulic loading was lower,the subsurface constructed wetlands was the control factor for the combined system.With the increasing of hydraulic loading,the ponds was the control factor gradually. In the combined system, effluent quality of TN was superior to the first class B criteria specified in GB 18918-2002(15mg·L-1),effluent quality of NH3-N was superior to the first class B criteria (8mg·L-1), effluent quality of TP was superior to the case-Vwaters of surface water quality (GB3838-2002) standard (0.4 mg·L-1) .Research results could be the basis of combined system in Jiangxi Province.

Waste stabilization ponds in France: a report on fifteen years experience

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 91-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Racault ◽  
C. Boutin ◽  
A. Seguin
Keyword(s):  
Load Level ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Sewerage System ◽  
System Type ◽  
Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Waste Stabilization ◽  
Output Load

In 1992, a survey was conducted on the performance of waste stabilization ponds in France. The data selected come from a sample of 178 ponds, with an average capacity of 600 p.e., throughout France. For each plant, one or several input--output load measurements over a 24-h period are available. The average organic load level received is approximately 25 kg BOD/ha.d, representing 50% of the nominal load. The quality of the treated water is presented based on the type of sewerage system feeding the ponds. The results appear dispersed, however; in 70% of the cases the concentrations in COD and BOD on filtered samples are under 120 mg/l and 40 mg/l, respectively, and the concentration in TSS under 120 mg/l (discharge standards in France for waste stabilization ponds). The reductions in nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients are on average from 60% to 70%. The influence of different parameters (sewerage system type, organic load, season, age of plant, etc.) was studied. The results appear noticeably worse when the ponds receive wastewater from a strictly separate sewerage system.

Coarse filters for pond effluent polishing: comparison of loading rates and grain sizes

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (11) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. von Sperling ◽  
J.G.B. de Andrada ◽  
W.R. de Melo Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Loading Rate ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Hydraulic Loading ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Belo Horizonte ◽  
The City ◽  
Rock Size

A system comprising a UASB reactor, shallow polishing ponds and shallow coarse filters, treating actual wastewater from the city of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, has been evaluated. The main focus of the research was to compare grain sizes and hydraulic loading rates in the coarse filters. Two filters operating in parallel were investigated, with the following grain sizes: Filter 1: 3 to 10 cm; Filter 2: 8 to 20 cm. Two hydraulic loading rates were tested: 0.5 and 1.0 m3/m3.d. The filter with the lower rock size had a better performance than the filter with the larger rock size in the removal of SS and, as a consequence, BOD and COD. A better performance was obtained with the hydraulic loading rate of 0.5 m3/m3.d, as compared to the rate of 1.0 m3/m3.d. The effluent quality during the period with the lower loading rate was very good for discharge into water bodies or for agricultural reuse (median effluent concentrations from Filter 1: BOD: 20 mg/L; COD: 106 mg/L; SS: 28 mg/L; E. coli: 528 MPN/100 mL).

Influence of Hydraulic Loading Rate on Horizontal Zeolite Wetland Effluent Quality

2012 ◽  
Vol 573-574 ◽  
pp. 659-662
Author(s):  
Hao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Hydraulic Loading Rate ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Hydraulic Loading

In Tangshan area, the secondary effluent of wastewater treatment plants was used for this study. Horizontal zeolite wetland was carried out treating it. Hydraulic loading rate was the parameters for analyzing the nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency of pollutants from the secondary effluent of wastewater treatment plant. Zeolite constructed wetlands showed different behaviors for nitrogen and phosphorus removals.Under the optimum hydraulic loading rate, the primary pollutions were removed to a large extent.

Treatment of strong nitrogen swine wastewater in a full-scale sequencing batch reactor

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 315-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.M. Poo ◽  
B.H. Jun ◽  
S.H. Lee ◽  
J.H. Im ◽  
H.J. Woo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Batch Reactor ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Swine Wastewater ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Maximum Loading ◽  
Swine Urine

Treatment of swine wastewater containing strong nitrogen was attempted in a full-scale SBR. The strongest swine wastewater was discharged from a slurry-type barn and called swine-slurry wastewater (SSW). Slightly weaker wastewater was produced from a scraper-type barn and called swine-urine wastewater (SUW). TCOD, NH4+-N and TSS in raw SSW were 23,000-72,000 mg/L, 3,500-6,000 mg/L and 17,000-50,000 mg/L, respectively. A whole cycle of SBR consists of 4 sub-cycles with anoxic period of 1 hr and aerobic period of 3 hr. The maximum loading rates of both digested-SSW and SUW were similar to 0.22 kg NH4+-N/m3/day whereas the maximum loading rates of raw SSW was up to 0.35 TN/m3/day on keeping the effluent quality of 60 TN mg/l. The VFAs portion of SCOD in raw SSW was about more than 60%. The VFAs in SUW and digested-SSW were about 22% and 15%, respectively. NH4+-N and PO43--P in SSW were removed efficiently compared to those in digested-SSW and DUW because SSW had high a C/N ratio and readily biodegradable organic. High concentration of organic was useful to enhance denitrification and P uptake. Also the amount of external carbon for denitrification was reduced to 5% and 10% of those for digested-SSW and SUW.

Analysis of the reclamation treatment capability of a constructed wetland for reuse

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Pedrero ◽  
A. Albuquerque ◽  
L. Amado ◽  
H. Marecos do Monte ◽  
J. Alarcón
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Retention Time ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Hydraulic Loading Rate ◽  
Hydraulic Loading ◽  
Significant Fluctuation ◽  
Set Up

A research project was conducted during 2008-2009 in Portugal to evaluate the potential of reclaimed water from constructed wetlands for irrigation reuse. A 21 month monitoring campaign was set up in a Filtralite-based horizontal subsurface flow bed. Results showed a significant fluctuation of the hydraulic loading rate that has influenced the hydraulic retention time and the wastewater characteristics over time and, therefore, the removal efficiencies for BOD5, COD, TSS, nitrogen and phosphorus were lower than the reported values for CW performance. If the hydraulic loading rate could be properly controlled the treatment performance, as well as the quality of the reclaimed water, can be improved considerably. The effluent concentrations of conductivity (EC), BOD5, COD, TN, K, Ca, Mg and phytotoxic elements (Na, Cl and B), showed a suitable quality for irrigation reuse according to different international standards, although it is necessary to improve the removal of phosphorous and a final disinfection must be implemented to decrease the pathogenic content.

Test on Microfiltration as a Tertiary Treatment Downstream of Fixed Bacteria Filtration

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 219-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Langlais ◽  
Ph Denis ◽  
S. Triballeau ◽  
M. Faivre ◽  
M. M. Bourbigot
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Tertiary Treatment ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Filtration Cycle ◽  
Highly Sensitive

Conventional methods of disinfecting sewage water are all highly sensitive to variations in the effluent quality upstream of the disinfection stage. Microfiltration was tested as a tertiary treatment downstream of biofiltration, simulating very poor biofilter efficiency, to test the limits of the microfiltration process. Despite the poor quality of the secondary effluent (COD between 100 and 400 mgO2/l, BOD5 between 30 and 150 mgO2/l and suspended solid concentrations between 15 and 90 mg/l), the microfiltration process (filtration level : 0.2 µm) eliminated all faecal germs and tenia and ascaris eggs. The total elimination of free amoeba cysts still needs to be confirmed. With the COD and BOD5 reduced by an average of 60 and 70% respectively, the effluent quality is equivalent to level e after microfiltration (COD: 90 mgO2/l and BOD5=30 mgO2/l on samples averaged over 24 hours). Turbidity, measured instead of suspended solids at outlet from the microfilter, was 99% eliminated. The colour remained between 50 and 150 mg Pt.Co/l. Under the operating conditions applied, the minimum filtration cycle was 72 hours for a minimum permeate flow of 80 l/h/m2 of membrane.

Operational Retrofits of AB Process for Biological Removal of Nitrogen and Phosphorus

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Wenyi ◽  
Du Hong ◽  
Zou Li-an ◽  
Miao Jia ◽  
Wang Baozhen
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Biological Removal ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Efficient Performance ◽  
Novel Method

The operational retrofits to improve nitrogen and phosphorus removal of AB process treating low concentration municipal wastewater in Luofang WWTP, in Shenzhen China, are described in this paper. The problems occurred during the 5-year operation since its start-up and the specific efforts devoted to the troubleshooting are presented roundly as well. As a result, a steady and efficient performance of AB process can be assured and a novel method of operation to improve phosphorus and nitrogen removal is developed. With the effluent quality of TN <14mg/L, NH3-N<2.5mg/L and TP<1.0mg/L, the operational retrofits are surely of practical value to those facilities that apply AB process and are poorly operated.

Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal of Modified A2/O Process on Low-Carbon Domestic Sewage under Low Temperature

2013 ◽  
Vol 777 ◽  
pp. 187-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si Min Li ◽  
Guo Shuai Du ◽  
Feng Bing Tang
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Effluent Quality

A modified compound multiple-influent A2/O process was used to treat sewage with a low C/N under low temperature, the nitrogen and phosphorus removal was investigated. Raw water was distributed into anaerobic tank and anoxic tank by the proportion of 5:5 to rationally distribute the carbon sources required by anaerobic phosphorus release and anoxic denitrification. And some carriers were added into aerobic tank and anoxic tank separately to stabilize the effect of nitrification and denitrification and improve the denitrification efficiency. The effluent of anaerobic tank and anoxic tank flowed into aerobic tank to reduce the sludge flow path. In order to increase microbial biomass, adjust sludge return ratio was ranged from 50% to 75%. The results showed that when the water temperature is14°C, the concentration of COD, NH3-N, TN and TP in influent were 69.5 mg/L, 33.74 mg/L, 42.31 mg/L and 4.94 mg/L, the effluent quality of the above indexes were 40.1 mg/L, 1.45 mg/L, 12.54 mg/L and 0.46 mg/L, and the average removal of COD, NH3-N, TN, TP were 85.10%, 95.7%, 70.37% and 90.73%, respectively.

scholarly journals Improvement of organic matter and nutrient removal from domestic wastewater by using intermittent hydraulic rates on earthworm–microorganism biofilters

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Chicaiza ◽  
L. Huaraca ◽  
C. E. Almeida-Naranjo ◽  
V. H. Guerrero ◽  
C. A. Villamar
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Redox Potential ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Hydraulic Loading Rate ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Hydraulic Loading ◽  
Global Performance

Abstract Biofilters based on earthworms–microorganisms represent, particularly in developing countries, an interesting alternative for domestic wastewater treatment due to their easy operation and low cost. However, there are several operational aspects that should be better understood in order to improve their performance. This paper studies the effect of using intermittent hydraulic loading rates to improve organic matter and nutrient removal from domestic wastewater using these biofilters. Three laboratory-scale columns, operating at a 2.5 m3 m−2day−1 hydraulic loading rate, were used. The B1–24 h, B2–8 h, B3–4 h column loading rates indicate that the columns were operated continuously for 24, 8 and 4 h, respectively. Each column (biomass biofilm/earthworms, redox potential, and head loss) and its corresponding operational performance parameters (TCOD, NH4+, NO3−, NO2−, TP) were monitored. The results showed that the B2–8 h intermittent hydraulic loading rate results in the best global performance, with 74%, 57%, and 20% average removal efficiencies for TCOD, nitrogen, and phosphorus, respectively. Moreover, it showed the best biomass growth (biofilm and earthworms), activity (as redox potential changes) and the lowest clogging effects (up to −1.0 cm). The intermittent operation influences the behavior of the earthworm–microorganism biofilters and offers the possibility of optimizing its global performance and achieving a resilient technology.

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