scholarly journals Historical rainfall for urban storm drainage design

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 105-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasna Petrovic ◽  
Jovan Despotovic
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Runoff Simulation ◽  
Major Drawback ◽  
Peak Flows ◽  
Traditional Design ◽  
Drainage Design ◽  
Storm Drainage

Traditional design method for urban drainage systems is based on design storms and its major drawback is that frequencies of peak flows in the system are considered equal to frequencies of design storms. An alternative is to use historical storms with rainfall-runoff models to produce a series of possible flows in the system and their frequencies. The latter approach involves more computations and can be laborious for larger catchments. This paper considers ways to reduce the set of historical storms to be involved in design procedure and yet to lead to realistic flow frequencies. Frequencies obtained by rainfall-runoff simulation at an experimental catchment are compared with frequencies of observed peak flows in the system.

A Variable-Speed Method for Improving Motion Characteristics of Cam-Follower Systems

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Sen Yan ◽  
Mi-Ching Tsai ◽  
Meng-Hui Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Design Criteria ◽  
Displacement Curve ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Traditional Design ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Cam Follower ◽  
Motion Characteristics ◽  
Speed Method

A cam is often assumed to be operated at a constant speed in designing a cam-follower system. The motion characteristics of the follower are determined once the cam displacement curve is designed. The traditional design method for improving the motion characteristics is to find a new displacement curve which has better motion characteristics. This paper, however, presents an alternative approach by varying the speed of the cam to reduce the peak values of the follower output motion characteristics. Constraints and design criteria for selecting suitable cam speed trajectories are then developed. Finally, examples are given to illustrate the design procedure and also to show its feasibility.

Modifications of rainfall runoff and decision finding models for on-line simulation in real time control

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 201-207
Author(s):  
Andreas Cassar ◽  
Hans-Reinhard Verworn
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Rain Event ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Real Time Control ◽  
Design Storm ◽  
Time Control ◽  
Timing Data ◽  
On Line ◽  
Rainfall Runoff Model

Most of the existing rainfall runoff models for urban drainage systems have been designed for off-line calculations. With a design storm or a historical rain event and the model system the rainfall runoff processes are simulated, the faster the better. Since very recently, hydrodynamic models have been considered to be much too slow for real time applications. However, with the computing power of today - and even more so of tomorrow - very complex and detailed models may be run on-line and in real time. While the algorithms basically remain the same as for off-line simulations, problems concerning timing, data management and inter process communication have to be identified and solved. This paper describes the upgrading of the existing hydrodynamic rainfall runoff model HYSTEM/EXTRAN and the decision finding model INTL for real time performance, their implementation on a network of UNIX stations and the experiences from running them within an urban drainage real time control project. The main focus is not on what the models do but how they are put into action and made to run smoothly embedded in all the processes necessary in operational real time control.

Correction and preparation of continuously measured raingauge data: a standard method in North Rhine-Westphalia

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 155-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Maul-Kötter ◽  
Th. Einfalt
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Standard Method ◽  
The State ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Runoff Simulation ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Free Data ◽  
Important Input ◽  
Raingauge Data ◽  
Environmental Agency

Continuous raingauge measurements are an important input variable for detailed rainfall-runoff simulation. In North Rhine-Westphalia, more than 150 continuous raingauges are used for local hydrological design through the use of site specific rainfall runoff models. Requiring gap-free data, the State Environmental Agency developed methods to use a combination of daily measurements and neighbouring continuous measurements for filling periods of lacking data in a given raindata series. The objective of such a method is to obtain plausible data for water balance simulations. For more than 3500 station years the described methodology has been applied.

scholarly journals A Two-Round Optimization Design Method for Aerostatic Spindles Considering the Fluid–Structure Interaction Effect

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 3017
Author(s):  
Qiang Gao ◽  
Siyu Gao ◽  
Lihua Lu ◽  
Min Zhu ◽  
Feihu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Fluid Structure Interaction ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Fluid Structure ◽  
Structure Interaction ◽  
Aerostatic Spindle

The fluid–structure interaction (FSI) effect has a significant impact on the static and dynamic performance of aerostatic spindles, which should be fully considered when developing a new product. To enhance the overall performance of aerostatic spindles, a two-round optimization design method for aerostatic spindles considering the FSI effect is proposed in this article. An aerostatic spindle is optimized to elaborate the design procedure of the proposed method. In the first-round design, the geometrical parameters of the aerostatic bearing were optimized to improve its stiffness. Then, the key structural dimension of the aerostatic spindle is optimized in the second-round design to improve the natural frequency of the spindle. Finally, optimal design parameters are acquired and experimentally verified. This research guides the optimal design of aerostatic spindles considering the FSI effect.

Cascading Flow System for Urban Drainage Design

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 04020030
Author(s):  
James C. Y. Guo ◽  
Wen Liang Wang ◽  
Jun Qi Li
Keyword(s):  
Flow System ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Drainage Design

The Analysis on Manufacture Cost of Fire Robot Based on Modular Design

2014 ◽  
Vol 716-717 ◽  
pp. 1518-1521
Author(s):  
Shu Fang ◽  
Yan Xu ◽  
Fei Dong
Keyword(s):  
Modular Design ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Activity Based Costing ◽  
Traditional Design ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Function Modules ◽  
Flexible Manufacture ◽  
Technical Platform ◽  
General Technical

The manufacture of fire robot has characteristics such as different types and piece production, and flexible manufacture and cost control of the fire robot must be considered due to these characteristics. In this paper, the similarity of fire robot’s working environment was analyzed, The demand of chassis’s adaptability and the method using general technical platform were discussed with the thinking of modular design, and new series fire robots which composed of the general platform and different function modules were proposed, and the manufacture cost of traditional design method and modular design method were compared in using the activity-based costing method, and under the new design method the manufacture cost were decreased extremely.

AN INDEPENDENT ACTIVE BALANCER FOR PLANAR MECHANISMS

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang Ying ◽  
Yao Yan-An ◽  
Cha Jian-Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Vibration Absorber ◽  
Planar Mechanisms ◽  
Dynamic Balancing ◽  
Joint Coupling ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
Two Degree Of Freedom

This paper proposed a novel concept of active balancer for dynamic balancing of planar mechanisms. Somewhat similar to a vibration absorber, the active balancer is designed as an independent device, which is placed outside of the mechanism to be balanced and can be installed easily. It consists of a two degree-of-freedom (DOF) linkage with two input shafts, one of which is connected to the output shaft of the mechanism to be balanced by a joint coupling, and the other one is driven by a controllable motor. Flexible dynamic balancing adapted to different working conditions can be achieved by varying speed trajectories of the control motor actively. A design method is developed for selecting suitable speed trajectories and link parameters of the two DOF linkage of the balancer to meet various design requirements and constraints. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the design procedure and to verify the feasibility of the proposed concept.

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