Mechanism of radiation purification of polluted water and wastewater

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K. Pikaev
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Water Radiolysis ◽  
Primary Products ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Cadmium Lead

The paper summarizes the results of the studies on radiation purification of polluted water and wastewater conducted in the author's laboratory in cooperation with other institutions. The removal of heavy metals (cadmium, lead, chromium and mercury) from water and wastewater, the purification of wastewater from surfactant and petroleum products, molasses distillery slops, municipal wastewater in the aerosol flow, river water from colored natural organic pollutants, wastewater of dyeing complex and paper mill, the decomposition of some dyes, hydrogen peroxide, chlorine-containing organic compounds, formic acid, etc. were investigated in detail. As a rule, electron-beam treatment in combination with ordinary methods (biological, coagulation, adsorption, flotation, etc.) was used. The main attention is paid to the mechanism of purification of the studied systems. The role of redox reactions of primary products of water radiolysis and secondary short-lived species formed from pollutants, formation of precipitates capturing the pollutants etc. is discussed.

scholarly journals Role of Adsorbents in Treatment of Pollutants from Aqueous Medium

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 868-879
Author(s):  
Esmat Laiq ◽  
Shagufta Jabin ◽  
Priti Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Aqueous Medium ◽  
Exchange Method ◽  
Complex Relation ◽  
Pharmaceutical Waste ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Conventional Methods

This paper will provide an outline of the dissolved pollutants and their removal techniques from water and wastewater. Dissolved impurities are omnipresent in all kinds of water like ground water, surface water and other industrial sewage. Many methods are available for the treatment of dissolved pollutants. Rather than the conventional methods such as membrane technology, coagulation- flocculation method, electro dialysis, and ion exchange method for removing dissolved impurities from a different kind of water, the applicability of the adsorption technique is a simple, economical and the most potential one. Adsorbents may be conventional and non-conventional. Activated carbon and silica gel are included in conventional materials. Activated carbon is preferred material for removing pharmaceutical waste, heavy metals, and dyes from an aqueous medium. They can remove larger and smaller particles from water and wastewater due to their porosity. Among non-conventional methods, clay minerals and zeolites are used in both natural and modified forms as potential adsorbents. Bio-sorbents like industrial waste, agro waste, and chitosan have unique properties to be used as adsorbents to remove dissolved impurities from an aqueous medium. It also outlines mechanism of adsorption and complex relation between adsorbents and adsorbates. Considering the applicability of different adsorbents discussed here for the removal of heavy metals, pharmaceutical waste, dyes, and organic waste, it is expected that this technique can be helpful in further treatment in variety of water and wastewater.

Wastewater sludge treatment at the municipal wastewater treatment facilities with the purpose of its further utilization

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Ю.А. Егорова ◽  
В.И. Кичигин ◽  
О.И. Нестеренко ◽  
А.А. Юдин
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Urban District ◽  
Sludge Treatment ◽  
Technological Waste ◽  
Treatment Facilities ◽  
Water And Wastewater

Осадки городских очистных канализационных сооружений являются самым массовым технологическим отходом, создающим проблемы утилизации для любого города. Рассмотрены возможные методы обработки осадков сточных вод на городских очистных канализационных сооружениях городского округа Самара с целью их последующей утилизации. Обозначены причины и приведены документальные подтверждениянекорректности возложения ответственности за обращение с такими отходами только на организации водопроводно-канализационного хозяйства. Рассмотрен способ захоронения обезвоженного осадка сточных вод в обвалованном полигоне. Установлено, что обработанные на очистных сооружениях осадки относятся к V классу опасности для окружающей среды. Обработанные, стабилизированные, подсушенные, обезвреженные отходы осадков сточных вод (малоопасный осадок с песколовок при очистке хозяйственно-бытовых и смешанных сточных вод, практически не опасный осадок с песколовок при очистке хозяйственно-бытовых и смешанных сточных вод и избыточный ил биологических очистных сооружений в смеси с сырым осадком) могут быть использованы в качестве наполнителей бетонно-цементных смесей и органоминеральных удобрений или переданы для утилизации сторонним организациям. Sludge from the municipal wastewater treatment facilities is the most massive technological waste that causes trouble for any city. Possible methods of wastewater sludge treatment at the municipal wastewater treatment facilities of the Samara Urban District with the purpose of its further utilization are considered. The reasons are indicated and documentary evidence of the incorrectness of assigning the responsibility for processing such wastes only to the water and wastewater utilities is provided. The method of landfilling dewatered wastewater sludge in a ridged landfill is considered. It has been established that the sludge processed at the wastewater treatment facilities is referred to the V class of environmental hazard. Sludge subjected to the treatment, stabilization, drying and neutralization (low hazardous sludge from grit chambers for domestic and mixed wastewater treatment; almost non-hazardous sludge from grit chambers for domestic and mixed wastewater treatment and excess sludge from biological treatment facilities mixed with raw sludge) can be used as fillers for concrete-cement mixtures and organo-mineral fertilizers or transferred for disposal to outside companies.

The Paradoxes of Paper Mill Employment

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-92
Author(s):  
Michael G. Hillard
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Blue Collar ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
High Status ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Industrial Community ◽  
Special Skill

This chapter depicts and unpacks the nature of production and work, the special skill profile that made paper mills distinct if not unique, and how over time owners and workers forged a mutually acceptable paternalism. It describes paternalism as the glue that made Maine's paper mills both successful businesses and durable communities during the paper industry's halcyon years from the late nineteenth century through the 1970s. It also looks at the situation in the S. D. Warren Company to understand the critical role of skill and the paradox of suffering and success that marked the paper workers' lives. The chapter highlights that paper mill work delivered high wages and benefits, and offered remarkable jobs and economic security with few parallels in Maine's generally lower-wage, blue-collar sectors. It reveals how the lives of paper mill workers demonstrate the crucial place of skills, craft pride, and membership in a high-status industrial community.

Phytoremediation of Cadmium-Polluted Water/Sediment by Aquatic Macrophytes: Role of Plant-Induced pH Changes

2019 ◽  
pp. 495-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Tariq Javed ◽  
Kashif Tanwir ◽  
Muhammad Sohail Akram ◽  
Muhammad Shahid ◽  
Nabeel Khan Niazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Ph Changes

Heavy metal removal from wastewater and leachate co-treatment sludge by sulfur oxidizing bacteria

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. Aralp ◽  
A. Erdincler ◽  
T. T. Onay
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing Bacteria

Heavy metal concentration in sludge is one of the major obstacles for the application of sludge on land. There are various methods for the removal of heavy metals in sludge. Using sulfur oxidizing bacteria for microbiological removal of heavy metals from sludges is an outstanding option because of high metal solubilization rates and the low cost. In this study, bioleaching by indigenous sulfur oxidizing bacteria was applied to sludges generated from the co-treatment of municipal wastewater and leachate for the removal of selected heavy metals. Sulfur oxidizing bacteria were acclimated to activated sludge. The effect of the high organic content of leachate on the bioleaching process was investigated in four sets of sludges having different concentrations of leachate. Sludges in Sets A, B, C and D were obtained from co-treatment of wastewater and 3%, 5%, 7% and 10% (v/v) leachate respectively. The highest Cr, Ni and Fe solubilization was obtained from Set A. Sulfur oxidizing bacteria were totally inhibited in Set D that received the highest volume of leachate.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Water and Wastewater Treatment with Emphasis in Membrane Treatment Operations

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasios Zouboulis ◽  
Ioannis Katsoyiannis
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Fouling Control ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Membrane Treatment

The present Special Issue brought together recent research findings from renowned scientists in this field and assembled contributions on advanced technologies that have been applied to the treatment of wastewater and drinking water, with an emphasis on novel membrane treatment technologies. The 12 research contributions highlight various processes and technologies that can achieve the effective treatment and purification of wastewater and drinking water, aiming (occasionally) for water reuse. The published papers can be classified into three major categories. (a) First, there are those that investigate the application of membrane treatment processes, either directly or in hybrid processes. The role of organic matter presence and fouling control is the main aim of the research in some of these studies. (b) Second, there are studies that investigate the application of adsorptive processes for the removal of contaminants from waters, such as arsenic, antimony, or chromate, with the aim of the efficient removal of the toxic contaminants from water or wastewater. (c) Lastly, there are studies that include novel aspects of oxidative treatment such as bubbleless ozonation.

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