Photosynthetically oxygenated acetonitrile biodegradation by an algal-bacterial microcosm: a pilot-scale study

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 261-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Muñoz ◽  
C. Rolvering ◽  
B. Guieysse ◽  
B. Mattiasson

A 43-L column photobioreactor was tested for the treatment of acetonitrile using a symbiotic consortium consisting of a Chlorella sorokiniana strain and a Comamonas strain. Complete biodegradation of 1 g acetonitrile/l was achieved in 79 hours under continuous illumination at 500 μE/m2 s and 26 °C. When the photobioreactor was operated at 26 °C under a 14/10 hours light/dark illumination regime at 500 μE/m2 s, complete mineralization of 1 g acetonitrile/l was achieved in 111 hours. However, when acetonitrile was supplied at 2 g/l, the biodegradation process was severely inhibited by the increase of pH and NH4+ concentration during cultivation. In addition to saving energy for aeration, the microalgae assimilated 33% of the NH4+ released during acetonitrile biodegradation, which significantly reduces the need for subsequent nitrogen removal.

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 1965-1965
Author(s):  
S. Park ◽  
J. Lee ◽  
J. Park ◽  
I. Byun ◽  
T. Park ◽  
...  

Publisher‘s note. We regret that the published version of this article erroneously denoted the first author as corresponding author; in fact the formal corresponding author of this paper is Professor Taeho Lee, whose address is repeated below.


2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanjun Mao ◽  
Xie Quan ◽  
Huimin Zhao ◽  
Yaobin Zhang ◽  
Shuo Chen ◽  
...  

Abstract The activated sludge (AS) process is widely applied in dyestuff wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs); however, the nitrogen removal efficiency is relatively low and the effluent does not meet the indirect discharge standards before being discharged into the industrial park's WWTP. Hence it is necessary to upgrade the WWTP with more advanced technologies. Moving bed biofilm processes with suspended carriers in an aerobic tank are promising methods due to enhanced nitrification and denitrification. Herein, a pilot-scale integrated free-floating biofilm and activated sludge (IFFAS) process was employed to investigate the feasibility of enhancing nitrogen removal efficiency at different hydraulic retention times (HRTs). The results showed that the effluent chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium nitrate (NH4+-N) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations of the IFFAS process were significantly lower than those of the AS process, and could meet the indirect discharge standards. PCR-DGGE and FISH results indicated that more nitrifiers and denitrifiers co-existed in the IFFAS system, promoting simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. Based on the pilot results, the IFFAS process was used to upgrade the full-scale AS process, and the effluent COD, NH4+-N and TN of the IFFAS process were 91–291 mg/L, 10.6–28.7 mg/L and 18.9–48.6 mg/L, stably meeting the indirect discharge standards and demonstrating the advantages of IFFAS in dyestuff wastewater treatment.


2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1137-1146 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Camargo Valero ◽  
L. F. Read ◽  
D. D. Mara ◽  
R. J. Newton ◽  
T. P. Curtis ◽  
...  

A pilot-scale primary maturation pond was spiked with 15N-labelled ammonia (15NH4Cl) and 15N-labelled nitrite (Na15NO2), in order to improve current understanding of the dynamics of inorganic nitrogen transformations and removal in WSP systems. Stable isotope analysis of δ15N showed that nitrification could be considered as an intermediate step in WSP, which is masked by simultaneous denitrification, under conditions of low algal activity. Molecular microbiology analysis showed that denitrification can be considered a feasible mechanism for permanent nitrogen removal in WSP, which may be supported either by ammonia-oxidising bacteria (AOB) or by methanotrophs, in addition to nitrite-oxidising bacteria (NOB). However, the relative supremacy of the denitrification process over other nitrogen removal mechanisms (e.g., biological uptake) depends upon phytoplanktonic activity.


Entecho ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Vojtěch Kouba ◽  
Jan Bartáček

Proces částečná nitritace-anammox odstraňuje amoniakální dusík z odpadních vod s polovičními náklady na aeraci, až o 80 % nižší produkcí přebytečného kalu a bez spotřeby organického substrátu. Jde o zavedený proces pro odstraňování dusíku z kalových vod z anaerobní fermentace, a podobně koncentrovaných a teplých odpadních vod. Na tyto vody se částečná nitritace-anammox aplikuje již déle než deset let, a to např. pod názvy ANAMMOX®, ANITA™ Mox, DEMON®, nebo TERRAMOX®. Optimalizované provozy těchto technologií dusík běžně odstraňují při zatížení 0,5–2,3 kg∙m–3∙d–1 (30–35 °C). Současnou výzvou pro výzkum je implementace částečné nitritace-anammox do hlavního proudu studené splaškové odpadní vody, přičemž konkrétními problémy jsou (i) potlačení nežádoucích nitratačních mikroorganismů (NOB) a (ii) adaptace mikroorganismů anammox na nízké teploty. Náš výzkum jsme začali s jednostupňovým procesem, a poté nitritaci a anammox rozdělili do dvou reaktorů. Prezentujeme strategii, která v laboratorním měřítku NOB účinně potlačila i při 12 °C a dále i v pilotním měřítku při 13–30 °C. Dále ukazujeme, že anammox je možné na nízké teploty adaptovat studenými šoky. Tyto výsledky umožní rozšířit úsporné odstraňování dusíku i do hlavního proudu splaškové odpadní vody na ČOV. English: Partial nitritation-anammox (PN/A) process removes nitrogen from wastewater with 50% reduction of aeration costs, 80% less excess sludge and no consumption of organic carbon. PN/A is an established process for the removal of nitrogen from reject water from anaerobic digestion and other similarly warm and concentrated streams. On such wastewater, PN/A has been applied in full scale for over 10 years under names such as ANAMMOX®, ANITA™ Mox, DEMON® or TERRAMOX®, whose optimized installations consistently achieve nitrogen removal loading rates of 0,5–2,3 kg∙m–3∙d–1. The current challenge for research is to implement PN/A into the main stream of cold municipal wastewater, the specific challenges being (i) suppression of undesirable nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) and (ii) adaptation of anammox microorganisms to low temperatures. Our initial experiences with one-stage PN/A in the main stream led us to the separation of PN/A in two subsequent reactors. Subsequently, we developed a strategy for NOB suppression in partial nitritation even under 12 °C, which we then successfully tested in the pilot scale. Furthermore, we found that anammox can be adapted to low temperatures using cold shocks. In sum, these results will enable extending the savings for nitrogen removal into the main stream of wastewater at WWTP.


2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (spe) ◽  
pp. 243-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delmira Beatriz Wolff ◽  
Juan Carlos Ochoa ◽  
Etienne Paul ◽  
Rejane Helena Ribeiro da Costa

This work investigated the nitrification in a hybrid moving bed pilot scale reactor, which used a low density recycled plastic support material for biomass growth. The filling rate was 20% of its working volume (22L). The feeding and recirculation outflow was 45L/day. The reactor operated at a temperature of 16ºC, in two phases, according to the sludge retention time (SRT): A phase was 10 days and B phase was 3 days (average values). The applied average volumetric nitrogen and organic loads were 0.16KgTKN/m3.day and 1kgCOD/m³.day, respectively. The results showed an average nitrogen removal of 95% and average COD removal of 89%, in both A and B phases. Nitrogen removal rates were independents of the SRT.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7463
Author(s):  
Marie E. Kirby ◽  
Muhammad W. Mirza ◽  
James Davies ◽  
Shane Ward ◽  
Michael K. Theodorou

Chicken manure is an agricultural by-product that is a problematic feedstock for anaerobic digestion due to its high nitrogen content inhibiting methane yields. This research examines a novel pilot-scale method of ammonia stripping, the nitrogen recovery process (NRP) developed by Alchemy Utilities Ltd. The NRP was designed to remove and recover nitrogen from chicken manure and two different operating conditions were examined. Both operating conditions demonstrated successful nitrogen removal and recovery. The biochemical methane potential assays were used to compare the digestibility of the NRP-treated chicken manures to that of a fresh chicken manure control. Overall, the biochemical methane potential assays demonstrated that some NRP-treated chicken manure treatments produced significantly more methane compared to untreated manure, with no inhibition occurring in relation to ammonium. However, some of the NRP-treated chicken manures produced similar or lower methane yields compared to fresh chicken manure. The NRP requires further development to improve the efficiency of the pilot-scale unit for commercial-scale operation and longer-term continuous anaerobic digestion trials are required to determine longer-term methane yield and ammonium inhibition effects. However, these initial results clearly demonstrate the technology’s potential and novel application for decentralised, on-farm nitrogen recovery and subsequent anaerobic digestion of chicken manure.


2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (19) ◽  
pp. 2473-2481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoying Liu ◽  
Ao Zeng ◽  
Yatao Wang ◽  
Peiju Liu ◽  
Yuan Chen ◽  
...  

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