Modeling NOM removal by softening in a surface water treatment plant

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 1008-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
João M. L. Dias ◽  
Rui Oliveira ◽  
Michael Semmens
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Hybrid Model ◽  
Phenomenological Model ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Complex Model ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Treatment Data

Phenomenological models and hybrid phenomenological–chemometric models were developed to predict natural organic matter (NOM) removal based on the real water treatment data from the city of Minneapolis over a 3 year period. The analysis of the modeling results showed that the phenomenological model was able to capture the major variations of NOM removal but it tended to over predict the NOM removal in independent data sets. These results could be significantly improved by the hybrid model, which was less biased and much more accurate than the phenomenological model. The phenomenological model parameters showed low statistical confidence because the available data, collected in real water treatment conditions, was not sufficiently informative to identify the complex model structure. By comparison, the hybrid modeling method enabled a more reliable discrimination of the most important factors affecting NOM removal. The final hybrid model was implemented in an Excel spreadsheet and can be easily used for NOM removal prediction and the control of chemical dosing.

scholarly journals Characteristics of water sludge from Cracow Water Treatment Plants – case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 00019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Gmurkowska
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Capillary Suction ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Experimental Part ◽  
Water Treatment Plants

During water treatment a large amount of sludge is created – in the form of sewage and sediments. The largest amounts of sludge are produced during coagulation, ozonation and backwashing rapid filters. The quality and quantity of treated water, the type and dose of used coagulants are factors affecting the quantity, composition and properties of the sludge. Sludge produced during processing of drinking water is important problem and their quantity has been increasing. The study focuses on characteristics of water treatment sludge from four water treatment plants in Cracow. It includes theoretical and experimental part. The first part is based on analysis of literature and information obtained from MPWiK [3]. The second experimental part, concerns the analysis of dry matter, organic dry matter, capillary suction time and visual parameters: the color and consistency of the sludge. Result shows that every sludge contains organic matter. The highest concentrations of organic compounds and the largest diversity has been observed in the sludge collected in the Water Treatment Plant Raba, reaching even up to 70% of organic compounds in the dry mass of sludge.

Biological P-Removal: State of the Art in The Netherlands

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 317-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. van Starkenburg ◽  
J. H. Rensink ◽  
G. B. J. Rijs
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
P Removal

In the Netherlands the effluent requirements of municipal waste water treatment plants for P will become stricter in 1995. Depending on the design capacity of the waste water treatment plant the effluent requirement will be 1 mg/l P for plants with a treatment capacity of over 100,000 p.e. and 2 mg/l for a lower capacity. From all the P-removal techniques, such as chemical precipitation, fluid-bed pellet reactor and magnetic separation, the most promising technique in the Netherlands would seem to be biological P-removal with or without a combination of the three other techniques. In this paper a description is given of biological P-removal, especially the principle, the factors affecting biological P-removal performance, the different modifications and an example of each system in the Netherlands.

DESIGNING OF REMOTE TERMINAL UNIT (RTU) FOR MEASUREMENT OF pH IN WATER TREATMENT PLANT

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
V. MANE-DESHMUKH PRASHANT ◽  
B. MORE ASHWINI ◽  
B. P. LADGAOKAR ◽  
S. K. TILEKAR ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Terminal Unit ◽  
Remote Terminal ◽  
Remote Terminal Unit

ENHANCED COAGULATION FOR ALGAE REMOVAL IN A TYPICAL ALGERIA WATER TREATMENT PLANT

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 2303-2315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Djamel Ghernaout ◽  
Abdelmalek Badis ◽  
Ghania Braikia ◽  
Nadjet Mataam ◽  
Moussa Fekhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Enhanced Coagulation ◽  
Algae Removal

Sadr City R3 Water Treatment Plant Baghdad, Iraq

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelina Johnston ◽  
Kevin O'Connor ◽  
Todd Criswell
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant

Water treatment to reduce internal corrosion in the drinking water distribution system in Oslo

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.J. Hem ◽  
E.A. Vik ◽  
A. Bjørnson-Langen
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Corrosion Monitoring ◽  
Copper Corrosion ◽  
Iron Corrosion ◽  
Internal Corrosion

In 1995 the new Skullerud water treatment plant was put into operation. The new water treatment includes colour removal and corrosion control with an increase of pH, alkalinity and calcium concentration in addition to the old treatment, which included straining and chlorination only. Comparative measurements of internal corrosion were conducted before and after the installation of the new treatment plant. The effect of the new water treatment on the internal corrosion was approximately a 20% reduction in iron corrosion and a 70% reduction in copper corrosion. The heavy metals content in standing water was reduced by approximately 90%. A separate internal corrosion monitoring programme was conducted, studying the effects of other water qualities on the internal corrosion rate. Corrosion coupons were exposed to the different water qualities for nine months. The results showed that the best protection of iron was achieved with water supersaturated with calcium carbonate. Neither a high content of free carbon dioxide or the use of the corrosion inhibitor sodium silicate significantly reduced the iron corrosion rate compared to the present treated water quality. The copper corrosion rate was mainly related to the pH in the water.

Cost-effective water treatment of polluted surface water by using direct filtration and granular activated carbon filtration

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Cromphout ◽  
W. Rougge
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Direct Filtration ◽  
Carbon Filtration ◽  
Effective Water

In Harelbeke a Water Treatment Plant with a capacity of 15,000 m3/day, using Schelde river water has been in operation since April 1995. The treatment process comprises nitrification, dephosphatation by direct filtration, storage into a reservoir, direct filtration, granular activated carbon filtration and disinfection. The design of the three-layer direct filters was based on pilot experiments. The performance of the plant during the five years of operation is discussed. It was found that the removal of atrazin by activated carbon depends on the water temperature.

The Design and Construction of the “Houtrust” Waste Water Treatment Plant in the Hague

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 161-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Sinke
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Hague

Until a century ago, The Hague's waste water was discharged directly into the city's canals. However, the obnoxious smell and resultant pollution of local waters and beaches then necessitated the implementation of a policy of collecting and transferring waste water by means of a system of sewers. By 1937, it was being discharged, via a 400 metre-long sea outfall, directly into the North Sea. By 1967, however, the increasing volume of waste water being generated by The Hague and the surrounding conurbations called for the construction of a primary sedimentation plant. This had two sea outfalls, one 2.5 km long and the other 10 km long, the former for discharging pre-settled waste water and the latter for discharging sludge directly into the North Sea. This “separation plant” was enlarged during the period 1986-1990. On account of the little available area - only 4.1 ha - the plant had to be enlarged in two stages by constructing a biological treatment section and a sludge treatment section with a capacity of 1,700,000 p.e. (at 136 gr O2/p.e./day). In order to gain additional space, a number of special measures were introduced, including aerating gas containing 90% oxygen and stacked final clarifiers. Following completion of the sludge treatment section, it has become possible, since 1st May 1990, to dump digested sludge into a large reservoir (“The Slufter”), specially constructed to accommodate polluted mud dredged from the Rotterdam harbours and waterways. As a result of these measures, there has been a reduction of between 70% and 95% in North Sea pollution arising from the “Houtrust” waste water treatment plant. Related investment totalled Dfl. 200 million and annual operating and maintenance costs (including investment charges) will amount to Dfl. 30 million. Further measures will have to be taken in the future to reduce the discharge of phosphorus and nitrogen. So this enlargement is not the end. There will be continued extension of the purification operations of the “Houtrust” waste water treatment plant.

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