Dissolved and colloidal organic nitrogen removal from wastewater treatment plants effluents and reject waters using physical–chemical processes

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Czerwionka ◽  
J. Makinia
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Reject Water ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Low Efficiency

Four physical–chemical processes were compared in terms of the efficiencies of dissolved and colloidal organic nitrogen (DON and CON) removal from the secondary effluents (SE) and reject water from full-scale biological nutrient removal activated sludge systems. Adsorption on activated carbon was most efficient and allowed removal from the SE of up to 80% and 100% of DON and CON, respectively. High efficiencies of DON removal from SE (up to 55%) were also obtained when using coagulation with iron(III) chloride and calcium hydroxide at final pH = 11.0–11.5. The efficiency of DON removal from thickening waste activated sludge (TWAS) reject water, obtained using coagulation with iron(III) chloride, was comparable with the efficiency for the SE. The efficiency of this process with regard to the sludge digester liquors (SDL) was significantly higher, i.e., 65–70% for both DON and CON. The ion exchange process with strongly acidic cation exchange resin (without pH correction) resulted in a relatively small efficiency of DON removal (<15%), and negligible efficiency of CON removal (<10%). Furthermore, ultrafiltration (0.015 μm) of SE and TWAS reject water resulted in a relatively low efficiency of DON removal (10–13% and 10–20% respectively). Ultrafiltration was found to be more effective for DON removal from SDL (41–68%).

Model based evaluation of plant improvement strategies for biological nutrient removal

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. van Veldhuizen ◽  
M. C. M. van Loosdrecht ◽  
F. A. Brandse
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Adequate Description ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Detailed Simulation ◽  
High Fraction ◽  
Biokinetic Parameters ◽  
P Removal

An activated sludge model for biological N- and P-removal was developed, which describes anoxic and aerobic P-uptake based on bacterial metabolism. This model was tested in practice on two wastewater treatment plants, which are BCFS®-processes, which contain activated sludge with a high fraction of denitrifying P-removing bacteria (DPB's). The model appeared to be able to give an adequate description of the performance of these treatment plants under different conditions. If the process parameters are well defined almost no calibration of the biokinetic parameters was necessary. In the simulation of Dalfsen wwtp, which has a complex control scheme, it was possible to give an adequate simulation of the control actions and the concentration profiles in a rather simple way, showing that detailed simulation of these controllers was not necessary. With the calibrated model it was possible to analyse bottlenecks and give suggestions for upgrading of the concerned treatments plants. The simulation results were used in decisions on investments.

scholarly journals Application of activated sludge process followed by physical-chemical processes in the treatment of industrial saline effluent for reuse

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milene Carvalho Bongiovani ◽  
Márcia Dezotti ◽  
Geraldo André Thurler Fontoura
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Physical Chemical

Benchmark simulation model no 2: general protocol and exploratory case studies

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 67-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Jeppsson ◽  
M.-N. Pons ◽  
I. Nopens ◽  
J. Alex ◽  
J.B. Copp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Ring Test ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Reject Water ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Wide Range

Over a decade ago, the concept of objectively evaluating the performance of control strategies by simulating them using a standard model implementation was introduced for activated sludge wastewater treatment plants. The resulting Benchmark Simulation Model No 1 (BSM1) has been the basis for a significant new development that is reported on here: Rather than only evaluating control strategies at the level of the activated sludge unit (bioreactors and secondary clarifier) the new BSM2 now allows the evaluation of control strategies at the level of the whole plant, including primary clarifier and sludge treatment with anaerobic sludge digestion. In this contribution, the decisions that have been made over the past three years regarding the models used within the BSM2 are presented and argued, with particular emphasis on the ADM1 description of the digester, the interfaces between activated sludge and digester models, the included temperature dependencies and the reject water storage. BSM2-implementations are now available in a wide range of simulation platforms and a ring test has verified their proper implementation, consistent with the BSM2 definition. This guarantees that users can focus on the control strategy evaluation rather than on modelling issues. Finally, for illustration, twelve simple operational strategies have been implemented in BSM2 and their performance evaluated. Results show that it is an interesting control engineering challenge to further improve the performance of the BSM2 plant (which is the whole idea behind benchmarking) and that integrated control (i.e. acting at different places in the whole plant) is certainly worthwhile to achieve overall improvement.

Biological nitrification and denitrification of opto-electronic industrial wastewater

2003 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.-K. Chen ◽  
C.-H. Ni ◽  
J.-N. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Mixed Liquor ◽  
The Past ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Recycle Rate

Development and application of biological nutrient removal processes accelerated significantly over the past decade due to more stringent nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) discharge limits being imposed on wastewater treatment plants. The opto-electronic industry has developed very fast over the past decade in the world. The wastewater often contains a significant quantity of organic nitrogen compounds and has a ratio of over 95% in organic nitrogen (Org-N) to total nitrogen (T-N). In this study, a 2-stage Anoxic/Aerobic pre-denitrification process was established and the efficiency of wastewater treatment was evaluated. Wastewater from an actual LCD-plant was obtained as the sample for looking into the feasibility of opto-electronic industrial wastewater treatment. Hydraulic retention time (HRT) and mixed liquor recycle rate (MLR) were controlled independently to distinguish between the effects of these two factors. Under suitable HRT and mixed liquor recycle ratio, effluents of NH4-N, NOx-N and COD can fall below 20 mg/l, 30 mg/l and 80 mg/l.

Distillery wastes as external carbon sources for denitrification in municipal wastewater treatment plants

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 1583-1590 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Czerwionka ◽  
J. Makinia ◽  
M. Kaszubowska ◽  
J. Majtacz ◽  
M. Angowski
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Yield Coefficient ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Reject Water ◽  
Fusel Oils ◽  
By Products

In this study, by-products from alcohol production were examined in terms of their potential application as external carbon sources for enhancing denitrification in biological nutrient removal systems. Three types of batch tests were used to compare the effects of the distillery by-products, such as fusel oil, syrup and reject water, on the non-acclimated activated sludge. Much higher nitrate utilization rates (NURs) were observed for the latter two carbon sources. In the conventional NUR measurements (one-phase experiments), the observed NURs with syrup and reject water were 3.2–3.3 g N/(kg VSS h) compared with 1.0 g N/(kg VSS h) obtained for fusel oils from two different distilleries. When the carbon sources were added at the beginning of the anoxic phase preceded by an anaerobic phase (two-phase experiments), the NURs were 4.2 g N/(kg VSS h) (syrup and reject water) and 2.4–2.7 g N/(kg VSS h) (fusel oils). The heterotrophic yield coefficient, determined based on the conventional OUR measurements, varied in a relatively narrow range (0.72–0.79 g COD/g COD) for all the examined carbon sources. Due to advantageous composition (much higher COD concentrations and COD/N ratios), fusel is a preferred carbon source for practical handling in full-scale wastewater treatment plants.

Transformations of Dissolved and Colloidal Organic Nitrogen in Biological Nutrient Removal Activated Sludge Systems

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 (4) ◽  
pp. 1127-1139
Author(s):  
K. Czerwionka ◽  
J. Makinia ◽  
K. R. Pagilla ◽  
J. Drewnowski
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Activated Sludge Systems

Bioavailable and biodegradable dissolved organic nitrogen in activated sludge and trickling filter wastewater treatment plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 3201-3210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halis Simsek ◽  
Murthy Kasi ◽  
Jae-Bom Ohm ◽  
Mark Blonigen ◽  
Eakalak Khan
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Dissolved Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Trickling Filter

scholarly journals Causes and remedies for filamentous foaming in activated sludge treatment plant

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 762-772 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Mycolic Acid ◽  
Foam Formation ◽  
Activated Sludge Process ◽  
Polymer Addition ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Biological Methods

<p>This paper reviews the problem of foaming associated with the activated sludge process and its control using various physical, chemical and biological methods. Activated sludge process is widely used for treatment of every type of wastewater like industrial, domestic and municipal wastewater. This process is driven by a complex microbial population, among which some mycolic acid containing bacteria leads to the stable foam formation which ultimately results in poor efficiency of the plants and leading to major environmental, operational, and health problems. A number of researches provide the evidences of foaming in wastewater treatment plants and its control using physical, chemical and biological methods. Current approaches for controlling foam includes operational adjustments, additional structures, controlling dissolved oxygen levels, water sprays, steam application, polymer addition, chlorination and a novel and ecofriendly approach that is treatment of filamentous bacteria with the specific phages. A detailed study of all methods is presented and collectively described in this review paper for a better understanding of the foam controlling strategies.&nbsp;</p>

scholarly journals Nutrient Removal Performance on Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plants (Full Scale System) between Tropical Humid and Cold Climates

2018 ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Pongsak Noophan ◽  
Rawiwan Rodpho ◽  
Pimook Sonmee ◽  
Martha Hahn ◽  
Suthep Sirivitayaphakorn
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Cold Climates ◽  
Domestic Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Warm Climates

Two full scale systems of oxidation ditches for domestic wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) were used as study sites: Phuket Province, southern Thailand (representative of tropical humid climates) and Plum Creek, Castle Rock, Colorado, USA (representative of cold climates). The treatment systems at both sites were designed for biological nutrient removal (BNR) fromextended activated sludge. Nitrogen is removed by nitrification-denitrification processes. The solid retention time (SRT) for both treatment plants was ≥ 10 das recommended by theory for complete nitrification in activated sludge wastewater treatment plants. Influents and effluents from these sites were compared in respect to flow rate, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), organic nitrogen, ammonium, nitrate, total nitrogen, and phosphorus concentrations. At both sites, nutrient removal reached more than 75% because there was sufficient carbon for denitrifying and phosphate accumulating organisms. Furthermore, low dissolved oxygen concentration, long SRT, and hightemperature could be key factors to promote activity of some groups of bacteria in consuming organic matter and nutrients in wastewater in warm climates. For this reason, plant design and operating procedures for wastewater treatment in cold climates might not be always be applicable to warm climates.

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