scholarly journals New green electrode materials derived from waste cigarette butts for capacitive deionization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Yang ◽  
Shudi Mao ◽  
Zhe Li ◽  
Zhuo Sun ◽  
Ran Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Electrode Material ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Cigarette Butts ◽  
Cigarette Butt

Abstract Smoked cigarette butts are a non-biodegradable pollutant that has damaged the planet. However, carbon materials derived from cigarette butts have proven to be suitable for various applications. We synthesized cigarette butt-derived carbon via hydrothermal carbonization and chemical activation methods and then converted it to an electrode material for capacitive deionization. The fabricated material, SCC-750, exhibited a relatively high salt adsorption capacity of 10.27 mg g−1. The excellent CDI (capacitive deionization) performance is due to the high specific surface area of 3,093.10 m2 g−1 and a pore volume of 1.754 cm3 g−1. This work offers a new method to recycle harmful cigarette butts by converting them into promising electrode materials for capacitive deionization.

scholarly journals Carbon Based Electrode Materials and their Architectures for Capacitive Deionization

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-242
Author(s):  
Bakhtiar Samejo ◽  
Shagufta Gul ◽  
Suraya Samejo ◽  
Naveed Qasim Abro ◽  
Najma Memon
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Electrode Material ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Emerging Trends

The effective desalination and purification devices for seawater/ brackish water treatment are crucial in sustainable progress. Techniques that render high salt removal efficiency and water purification ability at low applied potentials play a central role in sustainable water supplies. One of them is capacitive deionization (CDI) which has drawn significant consideration as a promising deionization technology since the last decade. Desalination efficiency profoundly depends on the utilized electrode material. The most widely used CDI electrodes are carbons due to their cost effectiveness and good stability. However, to acquire high electrosorption capacity, extensive researches are reported with modified carbon materials. CDI cell architectures are equally important for practical high salt removal performance. This review focuses on carbon materials in CDI along with other emerging trends in diverse carbon types, e.g., carbon nanotubes and their composites. Various architectures reported in the literature to improve desalination efficiency are also included here.

3D hierarchical porous N-doped carbon quantum dots/vanadium nitride hybrid microflowers as a superior electrode material toward high-performance asymmetric capacitive deionization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingxuan Zhao ◽  
Zhibo Zhao ◽  
Yang Sun ◽  
Xiangdong Ma ◽  
Meidan Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Electrode Material ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Carbon Quantum Dots ◽  
Vanadium Nitride ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Hierarchical Porous

Taking into account of time-confusing preparation processing and unsatisfied desalination capacity of carbon nanomaterials, exploring efficient electrode materials remains a great challenge for practical capacitive deionization (CDI) application. In this...

Frontiers of carbon materials as capacitive deionization electrodes

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (16) ◽  
pp. 5006-5014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Li ◽  
Nan Chen ◽  
Zengling Li ◽  
Huibo Shao ◽  
Liangti Qu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
Carbon Aerogels ◽  
Capacitive Deionization

Carbon materials are widely used as capacitive deionization (CDI) electrodes due to their high specific surface area (SSA), superior conductivity, and better stability, including activated carbon, carbon aerogels, carbon nanotubes and graphene.

BCN nanosheets templated by g-C3N4 for high performance capacitive deionization

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (30) ◽  
pp. 14644-14650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiyong Wang ◽  
Gang Wang ◽  
Tingting Wu ◽  
Yunqi Zhang ◽  
Fei Zhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Pore Structure ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
First Time

BCN nanosheets show a pore structure with a high specific surface area and are investigated as CDI electrode materials for the first time.

Preparation and Characterization of Microporous Activated Carbon from Raw Anthracite

2015 ◽  
Vol 814 ◽  
pp. 292-297
Author(s):  
Bo Tao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Chemical Stability ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Adsorption Property ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
High Mechanical Strength

Activated carbon (AC) is a kind of artificial carbon materials with highly developed pore structure and high specific surface area. As sound adsorption materials, the AC shows excellent adsorption property, good chemical stability, high mechanical strength and easy-to-regeneration characteristics, which makes it a widely application in the fields of chemical industry, environmental protection, food and pharmaceutical industry, electrode materials, and so on [1-3].

scholarly journals ZrO2 nanofibers/activated carbon composite as a novel and effective electrode material for the enhancement of capacitive deionization performance

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 4616-4626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed S. Yasin ◽  
M. Obaid ◽  
Ibrahim M. A. Mohamed ◽  
Ahmed Yousef ◽  
Nasser A. M. Barakat
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Electrode Material ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Forms Of Carbon

Among the various forms of carbon materials, activated carbon still possesses the maximum attention as an optimum commercially available, cheap, and effective electrode material for the capacitive deionization desalination process.

scholarly journals Porous Carrageenan-Derived Carbons for Efficient Ciprofloxacin Removal from Water

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1004 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Nogueira ◽  
Maria António ◽  
Sergey Mikhalev ◽  
Sara Fateixa ◽  
Tito Trindade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Porous Carbon Materials

Porous carbon materials derived from biopolymers are attractive sorbents for the removal of emerging pollutants from water, due to their high specific surface area, high porosity, tunable surface chemistry, and reasonable cost. However, carrageenan biopolymers were scarcely investigated as a carbon source to prepare porous carbon materials. Herein, hydrochars (HCs) and porous activated carbons (ACs) derived from natural occurring polysaccharides with variable sulfate content (κ-, ι- and λ-carrageenan) were prepared and investigated in the uptake of ciprofloxacin, which is an antibiotic detected in water sources and that poses serious hazards to public health. The materials were prepared using hydrothermal carbonization and subsequent chemical activation with KOH to increase the available surface area. The activated carbons were markedly microporous, presenting high specific surface area, up to 2800 m2/g. Activated carbons derived from κ- and λ-carrageenan showed high adsorption capacity (422 and 459 mg/g, respectively) for ciprofloxacin and fast adsorption kinetics, reaching the sorption equilibrium in approximately 5 min. These features place the ACs investigated here among the best systems reported in the literature for the removal of ciprofloxacin from water.

Tailorable Phase and Structural MnO2 as Electrode for Highly Efficient Hybrid Capacitive Desalination (HCDI)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Jin ◽  
Man Li ◽  
Mengting Tang ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Yangyang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Electrode Material ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Amorphous Phases ◽  
Surface Areas

Hybrid capacitive deionization (HCDI) is an emerging and promising technology for water desalination and has been extensively explored in recent years. Designing a structure tailorable electrode material has been proved to be a valid strategy for achieving a higher salt adsorption capacity (SAC). In this study, <a></a><a>MnO<sub>2</sub> materials with tailorable phase compositions and regulatory microstructures were prepared hydrothermally and then evaluated as electrodes for removal of ions from NaCl solution in a membrane-free HCDI cell.</a> MnO<sub>2</sub> electrode materials tested in HCDI system include poorly crystalline δ-MnO<sub>2</sub> with a lot of amorphous phases (MnO<sub>2</sub>-1h), crystalline δ-MnO<sub>2</sub> with amorphous MnO<sub>2</sub> (MnO<sub>2</sub>-2h), MnO<sub>2</sub> mixtures of α-, δ-, and amorphous MnO<sub>2</sub> (MnO<sub>2</sub>-5h), and <a></a><a>α-MnO<sub>2</sub> nanowire</a> with minor amorphous MnO<sub>2</sub> (MnO<sub>2</sub>-12h). It is notable that the phase composition along with the microstructures of MnO<sub>2</sub> materials rather than their surface areas determines the SAC values. When the cell voltage is 1.2 V, the <a></a><a>lamellar</a> structured MnO<sub>2</sub>-1h electrode demonstrates the highest SACs of 13.84 mg g<sup>-1</sup> in 100 mg L<sup>-1</sup> NaCl, and 21.32 mg g<sup>-1</sup> in 500 mg L<sup>-1</sup> NaCl solution, respectively. The desalination efficiencies are remarkable and far greater than other MnO<sub>2</sub>-based electrodes under similar conditions (e.g., NaCl concentrations, cell voltage, etc.). This study sheds light on the significance of understanding the fundamental of both phase composition and microstructure in governing the desalination performance of MnO<sub>2</sub> electrodes.

Mesoporous NiCo2O4 nanospheres with a high specific surface area as electrode materials for high-performance supercapacitors

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (72) ◽  
pp. 67839-67848 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Pang ◽  
S. Jiang ◽  
G. H. Long ◽  
Y. Ji ◽  
W. Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Electrode Material ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Electronic Conductivity ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
Nickel Cobaltite ◽  
High Theoretical Capacity ◽  
Mesoporous Nico2o4 ◽  
Promising Electrode Material

Ternary nickel cobaltite has attracted more and more attention as a promising electrode material for high performance supercapacitors (SCs) due to its high theoretical capacity, unique crystal structure and excellent electronic conductivity.

Tailorable Phase and Structural MnO2 as Electrode for Highly Efficient Hybrid Capacitive Desalination (HCDI)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Jin ◽  
Man Li ◽  
Mengting Tang ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Yangyang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Electrode Material ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Water Desalination ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Amorphous Phases ◽  
Surface Areas

Hybrid capacitive deionization (HCDI) is an emerging and promising technology for water desalination and has been extensively explored in recent years. Designing a structure tailorable electrode material has been proved to be a valid strategy for achieving a higher salt adsorption capacity (SAC). In this study, <a></a><a>MnO<sub>2</sub> materials with tailorable phase compositions and regulatory microstructures were prepared hydrothermally and then evaluated as electrodes for removal of ions from NaCl solution in a membrane-free HCDI cell.</a> MnO<sub>2</sub> electrode materials tested in HCDI system include poorly crystalline δ-MnO<sub>2</sub> with a lot of amorphous phases (MnO<sub>2</sub>-1h), crystalline δ-MnO<sub>2</sub> with amorphous MnO<sub>2</sub> (MnO<sub>2</sub>-2h), MnO<sub>2</sub> mixtures of α-, δ-, and amorphous MnO<sub>2</sub> (MnO<sub>2</sub>-5h), and <a></a><a>α-MnO<sub>2</sub> nanowire</a> with minor amorphous MnO<sub>2</sub> (MnO<sub>2</sub>-12h). It is notable that the phase composition along with the microstructures of MnO<sub>2</sub> materials rather than their surface areas determines the SAC values. When the cell voltage is 1.2 V, the <a></a><a>lamellar</a> structured MnO<sub>2</sub>-1h electrode demonstrates the highest SACs of 13.84 mg g<sup>-1</sup> in 100 mg L<sup>-1</sup> NaCl, and 21.32 mg g<sup>-1</sup> in 500 mg L<sup>-1</sup> NaCl solution, respectively. The desalination efficiencies are remarkable and far greater than other MnO<sub>2</sub>-based electrodes under similar conditions (e.g., NaCl concentrations, cell voltage, etc.). This study sheds light on the significance of understanding the fundamental of both phase composition and microstructure in governing the desalination performance of MnO<sub>2</sub> electrodes.

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