scholarly journals Augmentation of freshwater productivity in single slope solar still using Luffa acutangula fibres

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subbarama Kousik Suraparaju ◽  
Sendhil Kumar Natarajan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Porous Structure ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Wet Surface ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Luffa Acutangula

Abstract The prime intention of the current research is to enhance the freshwater productivity of the solar still (SS) by using Luffa acutangula fibres (LAF). The dried LA fibres were introduced into the absorber basin of solar still to enhance the wet surface area through its porous structure that leads to augmented evaporation of water from the absorber basin. The effect of the number of LAF in absorber basin such as 10,13,14,15,16,20 and 25 on freshwater productivity was estimated. The results revealed that SSLAF with 15 fibres in the absorber basin increased the yield by 25.23%. Besides, solar still with 10,13,14,16,20 and 25 fibres in the absorber basin increased the yield by 12.27%, 17.45%, 22.04%, 22.69%, 14.64% and 4.09% respectively when compared to conventional solar still (CSS). The average thermal efficiency of the SSLAF with 15 LAF was increased by 28.35% whereas, for 10,13,14,16,20 and 25 LAF, the average thermal efficiency was increasedby 11.05%, 16.99%, 22.53%, 19.93%, 11.29% and 3.9% respectively when compared to CSS.The economic analysis resulted that the cost per litre freshwater yield from the SSLAF is 22.5% lower than CSS. Also, the payback period of SSLAF is comparatively lesser than that of CSS.

scholarly journals Health economic analysis for the ‘CURE Project’ pilot: a hospital-based tobacco dependency treatment service in Greater Manchester

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e001105
Author(s):  
Matthew Evison ◽  
Julian Cox ◽  
Freya Howle ◽  
Kathryn Groom ◽  
Ryan Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Economic ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Inpatient Service ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Health Economic Analysis ◽  
The Cost

IntroductionTreating tobacco dependency in patients admitted to acute care National Health Service (NHS) trusts is a key priority in the NHS 10-year plan. This paper sets out the results of a health economic analysis for ‘The CURE Project’ pilot; a new hospital-based tobacco dependency service.MethodsA health economic analysis to understand the costs of the intervention (both for the inpatient service and postdischarge costs), the return on investment (ROI) and the cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) of the CURE Project pilot in Greater Manchester. ROI and cost per QALY were calculated using the European Study on Quantifying Utility of Investment in Protection from Tobacco and Greater Manchester Cost Benefit Analysis Tools.ResultsThe total intervention costs for the inpatient service in the 6-month CURE pilot were £96 224 with a cost per patient who smokes of £40.21. The estimated average cost per patient who was discharged on pharmacotherapy was £97.40. The cost per quit (22% quit rate for smokers at 12 weeks post discharge) was £475. The gross financial ROI ratio was £2.12 return per £1 invested with a payback period of 4 years. The cashable financial ROI ratio was £1.06 return per £1 invested with a payback period of 10 years. The public value ROI ratio was £30.49 per £1 invested. The cost per QALY for this programme was £487.DiscussionThe CURE Project pilot has been shown to be exceptionally cost-effective with highly significant ROI in this health economic analysis. This supports the NHS priority to embed high-quality tobacco addiction treatment services in acute NHS trusts, and the CURE Project provides a blueprint and framework to achieve this.

scholarly journals Productivity enhancement of stepped solar still: Performance analysis

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Velmurugan ◽  
Senthil Kumaran ◽  
Niranjan Prabhu ◽  
K. Srithar
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
Constant Depth ◽  
Minimum Depth ◽  
Daily Water ◽  
Experimental Analyses ◽  
Theoretical Results

Maintaining minimum depth in conventional basin type solar still is difficult, as the area is large. However this can be achieved in stepped solar still in which the area of the basin is minimized by having small trays. Very few works have been carried so far in stepped solar still and constant depth trays are used in the basin plate. In this work, a stepped still with two different depth of trays are used. The basin plate contains twenty five trays with 10 mm depth and twenty five trays with 5 mm depth. To improve the productivity, experiments were carried out by integrating small fins in basin plate and adding sponges in the trays. Theoretical and experimental analyses are made for fin type, sponge type, and combination of fin and sponge type stepped solar still. When the fin and sponge type stepped solar is used, the average daily water production has been found to be 80% higher than ordinary single basin solar still. The theoretical results agree well with the experimental. Also an economic analysis was made. The payback period of this setup is 400 days.

scholarly journals Augmentation of Freshwater Productivity in a Single Slope Solar Still Using Ball Marbles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subbarama Kousik Suraparaju ◽  
Dhivagar Ramasamy ◽  
SENDHIL KUMAR NATARAJAN
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Water Yield ◽  
Sensible Heat ◽  
Solar Still ◽  
The Cost

Abstract In the current research, the energy and economic performance in single slope solar still using ball marbles (BMSS) has been investigated and compared the results with conventional solar still (CSS) under the similar weather conditions of Karaikal (10.92°N,79.83°E), India during October 2020. The experiments have been conducted on both sunny and cloudy day to evaluate the performance of solar still. The BMSS has increased the evaporation rate and productivity when compared to CSS due to the sensible heat energy stored by the ball marbles in the absorber basin. The potable water yield of the BMSS is improved by 21.23% and 22.86%, respectively during sunny and cloudy days. The maximum cumulative productivity obtained in the BMSS is 2950 ml/m2. day and 2150 ml/m2. day respectively on sunny and cloudy days. In economic analysis, the payback period (PBP) of the BMSS is 5.7 months whereas the PBP of the CSS is 6.5 months respectively. Furthermore, the cost per litre (CPL) potable water produced by BMSS is 8% lower than the CPL of CSS.

scholarly journals Quantitative indicators of economic reliability analysis press-granulator with a fixed matrix

2019 ◽  
pp. 197-205
Author(s):  
N. Boltyanska ◽  
A. Komar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Machine Reliability ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Fixed Matrix ◽  
Quantitative Indicators

Purpose. Determine the main quantitative indicators for the economic analysis of the reliability of the pellet mill with a fixed matrix. Methods. Methods of grouping, system analysis, synthesis, scientific generalizations and the method of argumentation were used. Results. It is indicated that the main quantitative indicators for the economic analysis of machine reliability are: the cost of measures to increase reliability, the economic effect of increasing reliability and the payback period of measures to increase reliability. Equations are given for determining the payback period of measures to increase reliability and operating costs with increasing reliability. The conditions of economic feasibility of work to increase the level of reliability are determined. Conclusions. The calculations show that the annual economic effect of increasing the reliability of the pelletizer is 175.82 thousand UAH/year. Reliability enhancement measures reduce operating costs by 18.7% and payback periods are 2.55 years. Keywords: livestock, pellet press, reliability, efficient use, economic feasibility.

scholarly journals Institutional Gasifier Stove: A Sustainable Prospect for Institutional Cooking

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhakta B. Ale ◽  
Nawaraj Bhattarai ◽  
Jitendra Gautam ◽  
Pradeep Chapagain ◽  
K. C. Pushpa
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Index Test ◽  
Average Efficiency ◽  
Pine Cone ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
The Cost

Gasifier stove can act as a simple and very important device for an energy sector which can improve cooking and kitchen environment. It would be more worthy if it is used for roadside hotels, hostels, schools, barracks, etc. where cooking is used for a large number of people. Taking this into consideration, a study had been conducted by studying the performance of the existing modified AIT model gasifier at NAST and then fabricating new institutional gasifier with further modification. The newly fabricated gasifier has better thermal efficiency compared to that of the modified gasifier present in NAST when tested with different types of fuel. The newly fabricated gasifier (IGS-2F) has an average efficiency of about 19% compared to modified gasifier (IGS-2M) which has an average efficiency of 17%. The pine cone has the highest efficiency followed by rice husk briquette, maize cob and wood chips respectively for IGS-2M. The smoke index test was done and compared with the standard smoke scale to find the extent of pollution and it is found at acceptable limits after the gas production has started. The socio-economic analysis shows that IGS-2F is feasible having a payback period of about 14 months and the cost benefit ratio of 4.0.Key Words: Institutional gasifier; Thermal efficiency; Smoke index and Socio-economic analysis etc.Journal of the Institute of Engineering, Vol. 7, No. 1, July 2009 pp. 142-149doi: 10.3126/jie.v7i1.2074

scholarly journals Investigation of Potential of Solar Photovoltaic System as an Alternative Electric Supply on the Tropical Island of Mantanani Sabah Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12432
Author(s):  
Ag Sufiyan Abd Hamid ◽  
Mohamad Zul Hilmey Makmud ◽  
Abu Bakar Abd Rahman ◽  
Zuhair Jamain ◽  
Adnan Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Cost Of Capital ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Electricity Supply ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Electrical Load ◽  
The Cost

This article reports on the potential use of a photovoltaic solar system on Mantanani Island. This island has its attractions in terms of flora and fauna as well as the uniqueness of its local community. The electricity supply status of the island is minimal, and the local electricity provider only provides two units of electrical generator that only supply energy from 18:00 to 06:00. This study is motivated by the hypothesis that if the target resident can obtain a better electricity supply, they can generate higher income and improve their standard of living. This study aims to identify the status of solar energy sources, estimate the basic electrical load, and conduct a techno-economic analysis of homestay enterprises of residents. Geostationary satellite data on solar energy resources were gathered and analyzed using Solargis. The electricity load was calculated based on the daily routine activities of the residents and usage of primary electrical appliances. Techno-economic analysis was done by determining the key parameters to calculate the return on investment and payback period. The results showed that Mantanani Island had great potential for implementing a photovoltaic system, by the estimated value of the total annual solar energy and peak sun hour of 1.447 MWh/m2/y and 4.05 h, respectively. The variation in total monthly solar energy was minimal, with a range of only 61.3 Wh/m2. The calculated electrical load was 7.454 kWh/d. The technoeconomic assessment showed that the return on investment was MYR 3600 per year. However, the value of the payback period varies according to the value of the cost of capital spent. Regarding the cost of capital of this study, the shortest and longest payback periods achievable were 2.78 and 13.89 years, respectively. This calculation is in line with a photovoltaic system with a capacity of 2.2 kWp.

scholarly journals Economic Analysis of the Use of VCS2000 for Pork Carcass Meat Yield Grading in Korea

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1297
Author(s):  
Juntae Kim ◽  
Hyo-Dong Han ◽  
Wang Yeol Lee ◽  
Collins Wakholi ◽  
Jayoung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Meat Yield ◽  
The Cost

Currently, the pork industry is incorporating in-line automation with the aim of increasing the slaughtered pork carcass throughput while monitoring quality and safety. In Korea, 21 parameters (such as back-fat thickness and carcass weight) are used for quality grading of pork carcasses. Recently, the VCS2000 system—an automatic meat yield grading machine system—was introduced to enhance grading efficiency and therefore increase pork carcass production. The VCS2000 system is able to predict pork carcass yield based on image analysis. This study also conducted an economic analysis of the system using a cost—benefit analysis. The subsection items of the cost-benefit analysis considered were net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), and benefit/cost ratio (BC ratio), and each method was verified through sensitivity analysis. For our analysis, the benefits were grouped into three categories: the benefits of reducing labor costs, the benefits of improving meat yield production, and the benefits of reducing pig feed consumption through optimization. The cost-benefit analysis of the system resulted in an NPV of approximately 615.6 million Korean won, an IRR of 13.52%, and a B/C ratio of 1.65.

Economic Evaluation of a Ninngen-Dokku (Medical Checkup)

1993 ◽  
Vol 32 (03) ◽  
pp. 199-202
Author(s):  
T. Shimizu ◽  
T. Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Medical Checkup ◽  
Dry Dock ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Mass Health ◽  
Medical Judgment

Abstract:An economic evaluation of a medical checkup center (Ninngendokku, “human dry dock”) was conducted from two perspectives: the cost for cancer checkup, and the cost for medical treatment after a diagnosis was obtained. We studied the cost of diagnosing cancer, compared with the cost required when cancer of an individual organ was detected through mass health testing, and studied the economics of a Ninngendokku according to Kawai’s method of medical judgment. Assuming that the cost of death is more than the cost of saving the lives of persons who undergo the Ninngen-dokku, the Ninngen-dokku will be affordable. In the group undergoing the Ninngen-dokku compared with the group which did not, the estimated cost of medical treatment was reduced. The Ninngendokku carries advantages that cannot be quantified in financial terms; therefore, a multi-layered economic analysis of the Ninngen-dokku was required.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document