On issues related to national risk-based system for control over food products distributed on the market

This research is vital given great significance of food safety for population and bearing in mind that food products are an independent object of sanitary-epidemiologic control as it is stipulated by the legislation. We suggest approaches to creating a risk-based model for control over food products distributed on the market. These ap-proaches involve categorizing food products as per potential health risks for consumers; building up risk profiles of food products; optimizing laboratory support provided for control and surveillance activities taking into account food products safety management. When categorizing food products, risk is assessed as a combination of probable violation of obligatory requirements to safety and severity of consequences these violations might have. Food products that are assigned into extremely high, high and considerable risk categories are subject to systemic control once a year, every two years or every three years accordingly. In case a surveillance object seems “law-abiding’, its category and intensity of control procedures may be changed. Programs for laboratory control over food products are suggested to be based on risk profiles, spotting out priority indicators that make major contributions into risks. Also the approach involves using mathematical models that describe a relation between a number of observations and an expected answer (as a reduction in quantities of deviating samples at the next stage in the control cycle). This model determines how many samples of priority indicators should be tested in order to achieve a target risk level. It also allows predict an expected number of violations and health risk rates at the next stage in the control cycle given the present number of observations. 85 regional registers of food products were created and categories were determined as per health risks for all groups of food products under surveillance. It was shown that in some cases it was necessary to increase a number of observations over priority (“risky”) indicators in order to detect hazardous products and withdraw them from the market. Certain examinations seem redundant as they don’t play any role in making control procedures more efficient. The suggested approaches are universal and dynamic. Basic trends in the model development may include more targeted selection of products for control; risk profiles creations and systemic actualization; further development of laboratory support for control (surveillance) given that the food products market is changing dynamically in the country.

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Analysis of health risks associated with food safety

Hygiene and Sanitation ◽

10.47470/0016-9900-2021-100-12-1481-1486 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 100 (12) ◽

pp. 1481-1486

Author(s):

Olga G. Bogdanova ◽

Natalia V. Efimova ◽

Olga A. Molchanova

Keyword(s):

Health Risks ◽

Dairy Products ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Poultry Meat ◽

Risk Level ◽

Maximum Probability ◽

Potential Health ◽

Microbiological Safety ◽

Potential Risks

Introduction. Aim. Selection of priority safety indicators and optimal research scope through analysis of potential health risks associated with chemical and microbiological safety of food products (FP). Materials and methods. Retrospectively analyzed data on chemical and microbiological safety of FP addressed on the consumer market of the Republic of Buryatia for 2016-2020. Assessment of the potential risk of harm to human health included prediction performed on linear regression models. Results. The maximum probability of violations of mandatory requirements for chemical and microbiological contamination was noted for dairy products. The minimum probability of violations was identified for the biologically active additives and industrial baby FP. The calculation of potential risks to consumer health based on the results of studies of FP revealed the categories of “high risk” - fish and seafood, “significant risk” - dairy products, confectionery, vegetables, melons, soft drinks. It was found that the supply of fish and seafood, poultry and poultry products had long supply chains, when the risks associated with non-compliance with their transportation and storage conditions were most likely Correlations were revealed between the risk level according to the microbiological criterion associated with the contamination of food, fish, culinary products, poultry meat and the incidence of acute intestinal infections. The indicated factor signs determine from 28.6% to 67.0% of the variance of the incidence. Conclusion. Identification of potential risks of harm to the public health related to FP safety indicates the need for further monitoring of the content of chemical and microbiological contaminants.

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Potential health risk associated with consumption of local food containing pesticide residues for the rural population

Hygiene and Sanitation ◽

10.47470/0016-9900-2021-100-5-482-488 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 100 (5) ◽

pp. 482-488

Author(s):

Yuri Yu. Eliseev ◽

Vladimir F. Spirin ◽

Sergei Yu. Chechomov ◽

Julia V. Eliseeva

Keyword(s):

Health Risks ◽

Rural Population ◽

Local Food ◽

Organophosphorus Pesticides ◽

Food Products ◽

Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽

Potential Health ◽

Saratov Region ◽

Vegetable Products ◽

Median Level

Objective. Hygienic assessment of the potential health risks to the rural population associated with the use of local food products produced in areas containing residual amounts of pesticides in the soil. Material and methods. The quantification of chloro- and organophosphorus pesticides in local foods was analyzed by thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatography. Health risks to the rural population from exposure to pesticides in foods were assessed according to the Risk Assessment Guidelines (P 2.1.10. 1920-04). To calculate exposure and hazard ratio (HQ), summary hazard indices (HIs), individual (CR), and population (PCR) carcinogenic hazards, the median and 90th percentile of pesticide content in topical foods were used. Results. Dairy and vegetable products were found to contribute mainly to the median level of pollution with organochlorine toxic chemicals for most studied areas. Potatoes and vegetable products contributed to pollution with organophosphorus compounds. The HQ values calculated at the median level of pesticide content in food products in all agricultural areas under study in the region indicated an acceptable level of exposure. It is also good, but above 1.0, were the total HI due to pesticide contamination at the level of the 90th percentile value in local food products of four districts of the Saratov region. The total non-carcinogenic risk at the level of the 90th percentile was assessed for pesticides that have a unidirectional effect on the damage to the endocrine system - due to the action of DDT, HCHCG, and malathion; damage to the liver, kidneys, and the reproductive system - due to the action of DDT, HCHCG, chlorpyrifos and glyphosate. Conclusion. Thus, the study established a high level of the CR value for the health of all surveyed environmentally disadvantaged areas of the Saratov region associated with contamination of HCHCG food products calculated at the median and 90th percentile level. An average of 84.2% of PCR was due to contamination of local HCHCG foodstuffs and 15.8 % to DDT.

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Mullus surmuletus from the Catania Gulf (Sicily, Italy): distribution and potential health risks

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-020-11052-z ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Rosaria Ornella Bua ◽

Annalinda Contino ◽

Alessandro Giuffrida

Keyword(s):

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Human Health ◽

Health Risks ◽

Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Local Population ◽

Risk Level ◽

Potential Health ◽

Mullus Surmuletus ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic ◽

Pahs Concentration

Abstract Different specimens of Mullus surmuletus from the Catania Gulf (Sicily) were sampled and analysed for the quantification of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in order to evaluate the distribution of these pollutants and the potential human health risks associated to the consumption of fish. The determined PAHs concentration values ranged from 0.25 to 6.10 ng/g wet weight and the most abundant PAHs detected were lower molecular weight (LMW) compounds with 2 to 3 rings. Relying on the PAHs concentration values, on the consumption data and on the total toxic equivalent (TEQ), the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) was assessed and its calculated value (2.97 × 10−7) is far below the “maximum acceptable risk level” (ARL), suggesting a low potential carcinogenic risk on consuming M. surmuletus for local population. Even though the study shows a quite low contamination level in M. surmuletus, intensive monitoring programmes are still highly needed in order to provide a better picture of the PAHs distribution in Catania Gulf and of the human health risk linked to fish consumption.

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441. A Comparison of 8 Preferred/Recommended EPA Atmospheric Dispersion Models Used to Estimate Potential Health Risks from Process Emissions

10.3320/1.2766392 ◽

2002 ◽

Author(s):

R. Clinkenbeard ◽

T. Hall

Keyword(s):

Health Risks ◽

Atmospheric Dispersion ◽

Dispersion Models ◽

Potential Health ◽

Atmospheric Dispersion Models

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Analysis of the reasons for the implementation of a food safety management system in enterprises producing packaging for food products

Vsyo o myase ◽

10.21323/2071-2499-2018-6-28-30 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 28-30

Author(s):

Yu.A. Kuzlyakina ◽

◽

Z.A. Yurchak ◽

E.V. Kryuchenko ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Safety ◽

Management System ◽

Safety Management ◽

Food Products ◽

Safety Management System

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Placenta-Expanded Stromal Cell Therapy in a Rodent Model of Simulated Weightlessness

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells10040940 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 940

Author(s):

Linda Rubinstein ◽

Amber M. Paul ◽

Charles Houseman ◽

Metadel Abegaz ◽

Steffy Tabares Ruiz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Risks ◽

Stromal Cells ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Medical Intervention ◽

Hindlimb Unloading ◽

Simulated Weightlessness ◽

Potential Health ◽

Long Duration ◽

Induced Changes ◽

Splenic Atrophy

Long duration spaceflight poses potential health risks to astronauts during flight and re-adaptation after return to Earth. There is an emerging need for NASA to provide successful and reliable therapeutics for long duration missions when capability for medical intervention will be limited. Clinically relevant, human placenta-derived therapeutic stromal cells (PLX-PAD) are a promising therapeutic alternative. We found that treatment of adult female mice with PLX-PAD near the onset of simulated weightlessness by hindlimb unloading (HU, 30 d) was well-tolerated and partially mitigated decrements caused by HU. Specifically, PLX-PAD treatment rescued HU-induced thymic atrophy, and mitigated HU-induced changes in percentages of circulating neutrophils, but did not rescue changes in the percentages of lymphocytes, monocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, T-cells and splenic atrophy. Further, PLX-PAD partially mitigated HU effects on the expression of select cytokines in the hippocampus. In contrast, PLX-PAD failed to protect bone and muscle from HU-induced effects, suggesting that the mechanisms which regulate the structure of these mechanosensitive tissues in response to disuse are discrete from those that regulate the immune- and central nervous system (CNS). These findings support the therapeutic potential of placenta-derived stromal cells for select physiological deficits during simulated spaceflight. Multiple countermeasures are likely needed for comprehensive protection from the deleterious effects of prolonged spaceflight.

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Impact of Bacillus in fermented soybean foods on human health

Annals of Microbiology ◽

10.1186/s13213-021-01641-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Trishala Gopikrishna ◽

Harini Keerthana Suresh Kumar ◽

Kumar Perumal ◽

Elavarashi Elangovan

Keyword(s):

Human Health ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Health Risks ◽

Health Benefits ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Potential Health ◽

Fermented Soybean ◽

Food Pathogens ◽

Depth Analysis ◽

Fermented Soybean Foods

Abstract Purpose Fermented soybean foods (FSF) is popularly consumed in the South-East Asian countries. Bacillus species, a predominant microorganism present in these foods, have demonstrated beneficial and deleterious impacts on human health. These microorganisms produce bioactive compounds during fermentation that have beneficial impacts in improving human health. However, the health risks associated with FSF, food pathogens, biogenic amines (BAs) production, and late-onset anaphylaxis, remain a concern. The purpose of this review is to present an in-depth analysis of positive and negative impacts as a result of consumption of FSF along with the measures to alleviate health risks for human consumption. Methods This review was composed by scrutinizing contemporary literature of peer-reviewed publications related to Bacillus and FSF. Based on the results from academic journals, this review paper was categorized into FSF, role of Bacillus species in these foods, process of fermentation, beneficial, and adverse influence of these foods along with methods to improve food safety. Special emphasis was given to the potential benefits of bioactive compounds released during fermentation of soybean by Bacillus species. Results The nutritional and functional properties of FSF are well-appreciated, due to the release of peptides and mucilage, which have shown health benefits: in managing cardiac disease, gastric disease, cancer, allergies, hepatic disease, obesity, immune disorders, and especially microbial infections due to the presence of probiotic property, which is a potential alternative to antibiotics. Efficient interventions were established to mitigate pitfalls like the techniques to reduce BAs and food pathogens and by using a defined starter culture to improve the safety and quality of these foods. Conclusion Despite some of the detrimental effects produced by these foods, potential health benefits have been observed. Therefore, soybean foods fermented by Bacillus can be a promising food by integrating effective measures for maintaining safety and quality for human consumption. Further, in vivo analysis on the activity and dietary interventions of bioactive compounds among animal models and human volunteers are yet to be achieved which is essential to commercialize them for safe consumption by humans, especially immunocompromised patients.

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