scholarly journals Ultrasonographic evaluation of segmental function of the aorta and carotid arteries in healthy infants

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Yu. S. Sinelnikov ◽  
E. N. Orekhova ◽  
T. V. Matanovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Abdominal Aorta ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Circumferential Strain ◽  
Ascending Aorta ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Segmental Function

<p><strong>Aim.</strong> To study the ultrasonographic parameters of segmental function and mechanics of the aorta and carotid arteries in healthy infants.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong>. We observed 114 healthy infants (age range, 1–12 months; boys 52.6%; mean body surface area (BSA): 0.35 ± 0.8 <!-- x-tinymce/html -->m<sup>2</sup>). Echocardiography was performed with an Acuson S 2000 (Siemens Medical Systems, Mountain View, CA, USA) using vector velocity imaging (VVI). The following parameters were estimated at the level of the ascending and abdominal aorta and in the common carotid arteries (CCA): maximum and minimum diameters (mm); circumferential strain (CS, %) and circumferential strain rate (CSR, s-1); fraction area change (FAC, %); arterial stiffness (β2).</p><p><strong>Results. </strong>The maximum and minimum diameters of the examined segments of the aorta and CCA, FAC of the aorta and CCA, CS and CSR of the aorta and CCA showed a correlation with BSA, age, LV stroke index, and LV myocardial mass index. None of the estimated parameters showed a correlation with sex, arterial blood pressure, or left ventricular ejection fraction. The highest CS values were found in CCA 7.85 ± 2.8% [compared with 5.4 ± 0.98% (p = 0.0001) in the ascending aorta and 6.7 ± 1.8 % (p = 0.03) in the abdominal aorta). CSR in the CCA (0.84 ± 0.22 <!-- x-tinymce/html -->s<sup>-1</sup>) was significantly higher than that at the abdominal aorta level (0.67 ± 0.24 <!-- x-tinymce/html -->s<sup>-1</sup>, p = 0.001), but lower than that in the ascending aorta (1.3 ± 0.3 s<sup>-1</sup>, p = 0.00001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion.</strong> The parameters of segmental function of the aorta and common carotid artery obtained in our research can serve as normative reference for children in the first year of life. The functional parameters of the aorta and common carotid artery depend on the age and BSA.</p><p>Received 15 December 2019. Revised 26 February 2020. Accepted 27 February 2020.</p><p><strong>Funding:</strong> The study did not have sponsorship.</p><p><strong>Conflict of interest:</strong> Authors declare no conflict of interest.</p>

scholarly journals Synchronous Carotid Bifurcation Endarterectomy and Retrograde Kissing Stenting of the Innominate and Left Common Carotid Artery in a Patient with a Bovine Aortic Arch

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Robaldo ◽  
Guido Carignano ◽  
Alberto Balderi ◽  
Claudio Novali
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
High Risk Patient ◽  
Carotid Bifurcation ◽  
Left Common Carotid Artery ◽  
The Right ◽  
Bovine Aortic Arch ◽  
Common Carotid Arteries

Management of the symptomatic multiple stenosis of supra-aortic vessels (MSSVs) in a “bovine” aortic arch (BAA) configuration is infrequently reported. The optimal treatment choice remains debatable. A successful hybrid treatment for a proximal critical stenosis of the innominate and left common carotid artery was performed in a high-risk patient with a tandem symptomatic lesion in the right carotid bifurcation and a concentric vulnerable plaque in the bovine trunk. This case supports the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of a combined carotid bifurcation endarterectomy and retrograde kissing stenting of common carotid arteries with cerebral protection after evaluation of radiological, anatomical, and clinical parameters.

Cerebral Protection with a Temporary Ascending Aorta–External Carotid Artery Bypass during Common Carotid Artery Revascularization

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 368.e13-368.e17
Author(s):  
Murat Ugurlucan ◽  
Yilmaz Onal ◽  
Didem Melis Oztas ◽  
Cagla Canbay ◽  
Ibrahim Demir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
External Carotid Artery ◽  
Ascending Aorta ◽  
Cerebral Protection ◽  
External Carotid

scholarly journals Ascending aorta and aortic root replacement in an infant: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
V. A. Mironenko ◽  
V. S. Rasumovsky ◽  
A. A. Svobodov ◽  
S. V. Rychin
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Subclavian Artery ◽  
Aortic Root ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Left Subclavian Artery ◽  
Vascular Prosthesis ◽  
Ascending Aorta ◽  
Left Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Brachiocephalic Trunk

<p>We herein report the first clinical case of prosthetic replacement of the ascending aorta and aortic arch to repair a giant aneurysm in a 7-month-old child. The ascending aorta and arch replacement to the level of left subclavian artery was performed using a no. 16 Polymaille prosthesis, the brachiocephalic trunk was reimplanted into the vascular prosthesis and the kinked section of the left common carotid artery was removed, followed by reimplanting the left common carotid artery into the left subclavian artery. First, proximal anastomosis with the vascular prosthesis was created using a no. 16 Polymaille prosthesis and the vascular suture was strengthened with a Teflon strip. During circulatory arrest, the aortic arch was crossed between the orifice of the left common carotid artery and left subclavian artery, with the cut extended to the isthmus region along the small curvature of the arch. The brachiocephalic trunk was aligned and brought down, with subsequent implantation into the ascending aorta prosthesis 2 cm below the initial fixation point. In the final stage, the kinked section of the left common carotid artery was resected and the aligned left carotid artery was directly reimplanted into the left subclavian artery using end-to-side anastomosis. The patient developed tracheobronchitis and moderate heart failure during the postoperative period. The duration of mechanical ventilation was 16 hours. Infusion and antibacterial therapy were discontinued on postoperative day 8. On postoperative day 13, the patient was discharged and referred to the outpatient centre for further treatment and rehabilitation. A sufficiently large-sized prosthesis allows for further development in paediatric patients. This is facilitated by the preservation of the native aortic root with restored valve function and the formation of a bevelled distal anastomosis with a small unchanged aortic section in the isthmus region, which maintains growth potential. This first reported case of an infant demonstrates the possibility of combination interventions on the aortic arch and brachiocephalic artery during the first year of life.</p><p>Received 30 January 2021. Revised 24 March 2021. Accepted 29 March 2021.</p><p><strong>Funding:</strong> The study did not have sponsorship.</p><p><strong>Conflict of interest:</strong> The authors declare no conflicts of interests.</p><p><strong>Contribution of the authors: </strong>The authors contributed equally to this article.</p>

scholarly journals Differences in mechanical properties of the common carotid artery and abdominal aorta in healthy males

1994 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toste Länne ◽  
Flemming Hansen ◽  
Peter Mangell ◽  
Björn Sonesson
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Abdominal Aorta ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
The Common ◽  
Healthy Males

scholarly journals Congenital Aplasia of the Common Carotid Artery: A Comprehensive Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Vasović ◽  
M. Trandafilović ◽  
S. Vlajković
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
The Past ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
Congenital Aplasia ◽  
General Data ◽  
The Common

In an attempt to describe the morphofunctional consequences of uni- and bilateral aplasia of the common carotid artery (CCA), which is usually a vascular source of the external carotid (ECA) and internal carotid (ICA) arteries, we investigated online databases of anatomical and clinical papers published from the 18th century to the present day. We found 87 recorded cases of uni- and bilateral CCA aplasia in subjects from the first hours to the eighth decade of life, which had been discovered in 14 (known) countries. Four crucial parameters were described: the embryology of the carotid arteries, morphophysiology of the carotid arteries, CCA aplasia, and unilateral versus bilateral CCA aplasia, including history, general data, diagnosing, vascular sources, caliber, course of the separated ECA and ICA, associated vascular variants, and pathological disorders. To complete the knowledge of the morphofunctional consequences of the absence of some artery of the carotid system, and risking the possibility of repeating some words, as “carotid artery”, or “carotid aplasia” and the headings from our previous article about bilateral ICA absence, this review is the first in the literature that recorded all cases of the CCA aplasia published and/or cited for the past 233 years. Main characteristic of the CCA absence is its association with 21 different diseases, among which the aneurysms were in 13.69% of cases, and 17.80% of cases were without pathology.

Fabrications of small diameter compliance bypass conduit using electrospinning of clinical grade polyurethane

Vascular ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 636-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahim Faturechi ◽  
Ata Hashemi ◽  
Nabiollah Abolfathi ◽  
Atefeh Solouk ◽  
Alexander Seifalian
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene ◽  
Common Carotid Arteries

Objective Compliance and viscoelastic mismatches of small diameter vascular conduits and host arteries have been the cause of conduit’s failure. Methods To reduce these mismatches, the aim of this study was to develop and characterize a polyurethane conduit, which mimics the viscoelastic behaviors of human arteries. Electrospinning technique was used to fabricate tubular polyurethane conduits with similar properties of the human common carotid artery. This was achieved by manipulating the fiber diameter by altering the syringe flow rate of the solution. The mechanical and viscoelastic properties of the fabricated electrospun polyurethane conduits were, then, compared with commercially available vascular conduits, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene terephthalate (Dacron®) and the healthy human common carotid arteries. In addition, a comprehensive constitutive model was proposed to capture the visco-hyperelastic behavior of the synthetic electrospun polyurethanes, commercial conduits and human common carotid arteries. Results Results showed that increasing the fiber diameter of electrospun polyurethanes from 114 to 190 nm reduced Young’s modulus from 8 to 2 MPa. Also, thicker fiber diameter yielded in higher conduits’ viscosity. Furthermore, the results revealed that proposed visco-hyperelastic model is strongly able to fit the experimental data with great precision which proofs the reliability of the proposed model to address both nonlinear elasticity and viscoelasticity of the electrospun polyurethanes, commercial conduits and human common carotid arteries. Conclusions In conclusion, statistical analysis revealed that the elastic and viscous properties of 190 nm fiber diameter conduit are very similar to that of human common carotid artery in comparison to the commercial expanded polytetrafluoroethylene and Dacron® that are up to nine and seven times stiffer than natural vessels. Therefore, based on our findings, from the mechanical point of view, by considering the amount of Young’s modulus, compliance, distensibility and viscoelastic behavior, the fabricated electrospun polyurethane with fiber diameter of 189.6 ± 52.89 nm is an optimum conduit with promising potential for substituting natural human vessels.

scholarly journals Endothelial shear rate, local and regional vascular stiffness in patients in different stages of atherogenesis

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
V. V. Genkel ◽  
A. O. Salachenko ◽  
O. A. Alekseeva ◽  
I. I. Shaposhnik
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Shear Rate ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Vascular Stiffness ◽  
Stiffness Index ◽  
The Common ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction and purpose. Endothelial cells are subjected to biomechanical stress produced by the bloodstream and tunica media of the vessel. Vascular stiffness and endothelial shear stress have cooperative effects on the endothelial structure and function. However, the relationship of shear stress and arterial stiffness is still poorly understood. The purpose of the study was to assess the relationship of endothelial shear rate and both local and regional vascular stiffness in patients at different stages of the development of atherosclerosis. Methods. The study included 60 patients, 33 men and 27 women. The average age of patients was 54.8±11.7 years. Regional arterial stiffness was assessed by measurement of the pulse wave velocity in the arteries of elastic and muscular types. Local stiffness of the carotid arteries was characterized by Peterson elastic modulus, Young's modulus, stiffness index β, the deformation of the common carotid artery. Endothelial shear rate was measured at the site of the common carotid artery. Results. Average values of carotid endothelial shear rate were equal to 433±127 s-1. Reduced endothelial shear rate in the carotid arteries was associated with an increased Peterson modulus (r = -0.289; p = 0.025) and the stiffness index β (r = -0.280; p = 0.037), and moreover - with decreasing vascular distensibility (r = 0.288; p = 0.026) and deformation (r = 0.296; p = 0.024). Assessment of the relationship between endothelial shear rate and regional vascular stiffness showed weak statistically significant negative correlation of shear rate and PWVcf (r = -0.367; p = 0.014). Conclusion. In study subjects endothelial shear rate reduction in the area of the common carotid artery was associated with an increased Peterson modulus, stiffness index β, decreasing deformation of carotid arteries and increase in aortic stiffness.

scholarly journals Morphometry of the aortic arch and its branches

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Manole ◽  
D.M. Iliescu ◽  
A. Rusali ◽  
P. Bordei
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Subclavian Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Left Subclavian Artery ◽  
Ascending Aorta ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Arterial Trunk ◽  
Brachiocephalic Trunk ◽  
The Right

Abstract Our study was conducted by the evaluation of angioCT’s performed on a GE LightSpeed VCT64 Slice CT Scanner. The measurements were performed on the aortic arch at the following levels: at the origin of the aorta, the middle part of the ascending aorta, prior to the origin of the brachiocephalic arterial trunk and after the origin of the left subclavian artery. We measured the caliber of the aortic arch arteries and the data are correlated and reported by gender. The diameter of the ascending aorta was between 27 to 28.9 mm in females and in males from 25.8 to 37.6 mm. The diameter of the aorta within the middle segment of the ascending part was between 28-30.2 mm in females and in males from 26.1 to 34.6. The diameter of the aortic arch prior to the origin of the brachiocephalic arterial trunk was between 26.4 to 29.4 mm in females and in males from 25.8 to 37.5 mm. The diameter of the aortic arch after the origin of the left subclavian artery was in a range of 20.4 to 28.4 mm, which corresponds to the limits found in males while in females the aortic diameter was between 21.3 to 24.1 mm. The brachiocephalic trunk diameters were 8.3 to 15.5 mm in females and in males was 9.1 to 14.5 mm. The right common carotid artery had a diameter of 4-8 mm diameter in males and in females ranged from 4.7 to 5.5 mm. The right subclavian artery showed a caliber of 5.7 to 7.5 mm in females and in males from 5.9 to 10.1. The left common carotid artery diameter was 4.6 to 5.7 mm in females and males the diameter was between 5.2 to 7.4 mm. The left subclavian artery had a diameter of 6-10 mm in females and in males ranged from 7.7 to 12.8 mm. We found that the distance between the ascending part of the aorta and the descending segment ranged from 33.3 to 38.5 mm in females and in males from 40 to 68.6 mm. We measured the distance that exists at the crossing of the aortic arch with the left branch of the pulmonary trunk, finding that in females this distance is 3 to 10.3 mm and in males from 3 to 12.5 mm.

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