scholarly journals Tc-99 Decontamination From Heat Treated Gaseous Diffusion Membrane -Phase I

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Oji ◽  
B. Wilmarth ◽  
M. Restivo ◽  
M. Duignan
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Membrane Phase ◽  
Gaseous Diffusion ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Diffusion Membrane

TC-99 Decontaminant from heat treated gaseous diffusion membrane -Phase I, Part B

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Oji ◽  
M. Restivo ◽  
M. Duignan ◽  
B. Wilmarth
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Membrane Phase ◽  
Gaseous Diffusion ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Diffusion Membrane

Phased Implementation of In Situ Chemical Oxidation for a Large TCE DNAPL Source Area at the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant, USA

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul E. Cross ◽  
Del Baird
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Transient Effects ◽  
Gaseous Diffusion ◽  
In Situ Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Push Technology

This paper describes the In Situ Chemical Oxidation (ISCO) remediation being implemented for the X-701B groundwater plume at the Department of Energy (DOE) Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant (PORTS). Modified Fenton’s reagent is the principal oxidant for the remedy, and Direct Push Technology (DPT) is being used for delivery of the oxidant. Trichloroethene (TCE) is the primary contaminant of concern and is present within the unit as a dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL). A phased approach is being implemented to optimize the type, location, and mass of the oxidant injections. During Phase I, a unique near-real time monitoring approach was utilized to observe the transient effects of the oxidant injections on the formation. As a result of the positive results from Phase I, Ohio EPA has approved the final work plan for the remedy, and the approach is now being applied to the source area of the plume. The results from Phase I and the layout for the first series of Phase II injections are presented in this paper. Previous testing at the site has shown that the shallow, water-bearing formation is primarily composed of silty gravel and clay, and is both heterogeneous and anisotropic. These factors have significantly compromised earlier attempts to remediate the unit. A patented ISCO process from In-Situ Oxidative Technologies, Inc. (ISOTEC) was selected for the remediation of the plume. Phase I results indicate that oxidant delivery via DPT is feasible for the unit. Contaminant reduction to date has been minimal due to the small quantity of oxidant injected during Phase I. Contaminant rebound in the aqueous phase remains a concern and will be monitored closely during the remedy.

Decomposition of an Al-Cu-Ru quasi-crystal at 1420 K

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 718-719
Author(s):  
Y. Kitano ◽  
Y. Fujikawa ◽  
T. Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Icosahedral Phase ◽  
Thermal Reaction ◽  
Nominal Composition ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Epma Analysis ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Quasi Crystals

Quasi–crystals of Al65Cu20RU15 alloy are known to be an icosahedral— phase (I— phase) of the F–type. This state has been confirmed to be stable near 1100 K, but perhaps not at temperatures higher than around 1300 K. In this paper we report high temperature behavior of this alloy. We have found that the stable I-phase would decompose into three or four phases at 1420 K, one of which is an I–phase having a different composition. We denote the lower temperature I–phase, I–phase(L), and this high temperature one, I–phase(H).5N Al and Cu and 3N Ru were arc-melted in Ar. The nominal composition of the alloy was 65A1, 20Cu and 15Ru. In order to obtain homogeneous materials, the ingot was annealed at 1020 K for 100 hours. The X-ray powder diffraction pattern confirmed that the heat-treated ingot was only I-phase(L). This is the starting material in this study. DTA and EPMA analysis, and SEM and TEM observations were carried out in order to investigate subsequence thermal reaction. Experimental results with brief discussion are as follows.

Field examination of temperature and oxygen relationships in mushroom composting stacks dash consideration of stack oxygenation based on utilisation and supply

1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 741 ◽  
Author(s):  
FC Miller ◽  
ER Harper ◽  
BJ Macauley
Keyword(s):  
Natural Convection ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Gaseous Diffusion ◽  
Oxygen Concentrations

Temperature and oxygen concentration in Phase I composting stacks were investigated in the field. that both determine and are consequences of biological Investigations focused on various physical factors activity. Data indicate that oxygen concentrations in Phase I stacks are affected by convection, gaseous diffusion and utilisation rates, but that these rates vary significantly spatially and temporally. When stack temperatures exceed 60�C, biological rates of activity, and therefore oxygen uptake, decrease, allowing oxygen to penetrate well into the centres of stacks. While natural convection is commonly used to explain stack oxygenation, this is an over simplification that does not adequately describe stack oxygen concentrations.

scholarly journals The effects of the dialysis membrane on cytokine release.

1994 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 1711-1718
Author(s):  
P Zaoui ◽  
R M Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Membrane Phase ◽  
Dialysis Membrane ◽  
Necrosis Factor

The immune response requires the coordinated release of a network of cytokines including interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and IL-2. The potential role of the dialysis membrane on the elaboration of these cytokines by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) harvested from hemodialysis patients was investigated in a prospective crossover study. Eight hemodialysis patients, chronically dialyzed with a biocompatible membrane, were sequentially dialyzed for 2 wk with new cuprophane membranes (Phase I), 2 wk with a low-flux, low-complement-activating membrane (Phase II), and then switched back for a further 2 wk of dialysis with a cuprophane membrane (Phase III). At the end of 2 wk of exposure to the cuprophane membrane, during both Phase I and Phase III, the ability of PBMNC to elaborate IL-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and IL-2, as well as soluble IL-2 receptors, in response to phytohemagglutinin was significantly reduced compared with their respective levels at the beginning of the phase; dialysis with a biocompatible membrane increased these levels, and at the end of 2 wk, the response of the PBMNC to phytohemagglutinin was close to that in normal controls. These findings may explain some of the conflicting results in the measurement of cytokine levels in hemodialysis patients and may have clinical implications.

scholarly journals Gaseous Diffusion Membrane Leaching with Select Lixiviants: Ammonium Carbonate, Sodium Phosphate and Ammonium thiosulfate

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. N. Oji ◽  
M. L. Restivo ◽  
M. R. Duignan ◽  
W. R. Wilmarth
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Phosphate ◽  
Ammonium Carbonate ◽  
Gaseous Diffusion ◽  
Ammonium Thiosulfate ◽  
Diffusion Membrane

Direct Observation of Crystalline Ordering In Naturally Graphitized Carbon Produced by Low Grade Metamorphism

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 162-163
Author(s):  
Thomas R. McKee ◽  
Peter R. Buseck
Keyword(s):  
Crystallite Size ◽  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Carbonaceous Material ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Graphitized Carbon ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Commercial Carbon ◽  
Metamorphic Zone

Sediments commonly contain organic material which appears as refractory carbonaceous material in metamorphosed sedimentary rocks. Grew and others have shown that relative carbon content, crystallite size, X-ray crystallinity and development of well-ordered graphite crystal structure of the carbonaceous material increases with increasing metamorphic grade. The graphitization process is irreversible and appears to be continous from the amorphous to the completely graphitized stage. The most dramatic chemical and crystallographic changes take place within the chlorite metamorphic zone.The detailed X-ray investigation of crystallite size and crystalline ordering is complex and can best be investigated by other means such as high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The natural graphitization series is similar to that for heat-treated commercial carbon blacks, which have been successfully studied by HRTEM (Ban and others).

Effect of Shock Loading on the Microstructure of Uniloy 326

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 504-505
Author(s):  
K. P. Staudhammer ◽  
L. E. Murr
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Shock Loading ◽  
Current Investigation ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
05 C ◽  
Shock Deformation ◽  
Heat Treated

The effect of shock loading on a variety of steels has been reviewed recently by Leslie. It is generally observed that significant changes in microstructure and microhardness are produced by explosive shock deformation. While the effect of shock loading on austenitic, ferritic, martensitic, and pearlitic structures has been investigated, there have been no systematic studies of the shock-loading of microduplex structures.In the current investigation, the shock-loading response of millrolled and heat-treated Uniloy 326 (thickness 60 mil) having a residual grain size of 1 to 2μ before shock loading was studied. Uniloy 326 is a two phase (microduplex) alloy consisting of 30% austenite (γ) in a ferrite (α) matrix; with the composition.3% Ti, 1% Mn, .6% Si,.05% C, 6% Ni, 26% Cr, balance Fe.

Phase Transformation In Ti-6al-4v Alloys

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 584-585
Author(s):  
Shiro Fujishiro
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Cryogenic Temperature ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Mixed Microstructure ◽  
Ductile Behavior

The Ti-6 wt.% Al-4 wt.% V commercial alloys have exhibited an improved formability at cryogenic temperature when the alloys were heat-treated prior to the tests. The author was interested in further investigating this unusual ductile behavior which may be associated with the strain-induced transformation or twinning of the a phase, enhanced at lower temperatures. The starting materials, supplied by RMI Co., Niles, Ohio were rolled mill products in the form of 40 mil sheets. The microstructure of the as-received materials contained mainly ellipsoidal α grains measuring between 1 and 5μ. The β phase formed an undefined grain boundary around the a grains. The specimens were homogenized at 1050°C for one hour, followed by aging at 500°C for two hours, and then quenched in water to produce the α/β mixed microstructure.

Microstructural Evolution in Reduced TiO2

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 74-75
Author(s):  
W. T. Donlon ◽  
S. Shinozaki ◽  
E. M. Logothetis ◽  
W. Kaizer
Keyword(s):  
Microstructural Evolution ◽  
Point Defects ◽  
Extended Defects ◽  
Small Deviations ◽  
Controlled Atmospheres ◽  
Limited Solubility ◽  
Thin Foils ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Porous Polycrystalline ◽  
Crystallographic Shear

Since point defects have a limited solubility in the rutile (TiO2) lattice, small deviations from stoichiometry are known to produce crystallographic shear (CS) planes which accomodate local variations in composition. The material used in this study was porous polycrystalline TiO2 (60% dense), in the form of 3mm. diameter disks, 1mm thick. Samples were mechanically polished, ion-milled by conventional techniques, and initially examined with the use of a Siemens EM102. The electron transparent thin foils were then heat-treated under controlled atmospheres of CO/CO2 and H2 and reexamined in the same manner.The “as-received” material contained mostly TiO2 grains (∼5μm diameter) which had no extended defects. Several grains however, aid exhibit a structure similar to micro-twinned grains observed in reduced rutile. Lattice fringe images (Fig. 1) of these grains reveal that the adjoining layers are not simply twin related variants of a single TinO2n-1 compound. Rather these layers (100 - 250 Å wide) are alternately comprised of stoichiometric TiO2 (rutile) and reduced TiO2 in the form of Ti8O15, with the Ti8O15 layers on either side of the TiO2 being twin related.

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