Exosomes in Ischemic Stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (42) ◽  
pp. 5533-5545
Author(s):  
Saeideh Nozohouri ◽  
Bhuvaneshwar Vaidya ◽  
Thomas J. Abbruscato
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Stroke Therapy ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Neurological Outcomes ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Drug Delivery Carrier ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Delivery Strategies ◽  
The Brain

Ischemic stroke, a leading cause of mortality, results in severe neurological outcomes in the patients. Effective stroke therapies may significantly decrease the extent of injury. For this purpose, novel and efficient drug delivery strategies need to be developed. Among a myriad of therapeutic and drug delivery techniques, exosomes have shown promising results in ischemic stroke either by their intrinsic therapeutic characteristics, which can result in angiogenesis and neurogenesis or by acting as competent, biocompatible drug delivery vehicles to transport neurotherapeutic agents into the brain. In this review, we have discussed different methods of exosome isolation and cargo loading techniques, advantages and disadvantages of using exosomes as a drug delivery carrier and the therapeutic applications of exosomes with a focus on ischemic stroke therapy.

Novel Phospholipid-Based Labrasol Nanomicelles Loaded Flavonoids for Oral Delivery with Enhanced Penetration and Anti-Brain Tumor Efficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-245
Author(s):  
Gang Wang ◽  
Junjie Wang ◽  
Rui Guan
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Oral Delivery ◽  
Safe Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
The Brain

Background: Owing to the rich anticancer properties of flavonoids, there is a need for their incorporation into drug delivery vehicles like nanomicelles for safe delivery of the drug into the brain tumor microenvironment. Objective: This study, therefore, aimed to prepare the phospholipid-based Labrasol/Pluronic F68 modified nano micelles loaded with flavonoids (Nano-flavonoids) for the delivery of the drug to the target brain tumor. Methods: Myricetin, quercetin and fisetin were selected as the initial drugs to evaluate the biodistribution and acute toxicity of the drug delivery vehicles in rats with implanted C6 glioma tumors after oral administration, while the uptake, retention, release in human intestinal Caco-2 cells and the effect on the brain endothelial barrier were investigated in Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells (HBMECs). Results: The results demonstrated that nano-flavonoids loaded with myricetin showed more evenly distributed targeting tissues and enhanced anti-tumor efficiency in vivo without significant cytotoxicity to Caco-2 cells and alteration in the Trans Epithelial Electric Resistance (TEER). There was no pathological evidence of renal, hepatic or other organs dysfunction after the administration of nanoflavonoids, which showed no significant influence on cytotoxicity to Caco-2 cells. Conclusion: In conclusion, Labrasol/F68-NMs loaded with MYR and quercetin could enhance antiglioma effect in vitro and in vivo, which may be better tools for medical therapy, while the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of nano-flavonoids may ensure optimal therapeutic benefits.

scholarly journals Medicinal Activities and Nanomedicine Delivery Strategies for Brucea javanica Oil and Its Molecular Components

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (22) ◽  
pp. 5414
Author(s):  
Bo Kyeong Yoon ◽  
Zheng Yi Lim ◽  
Won-Yong Jeon ◽  
Nam-Joon Cho ◽  
Jeong Hoon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Delivery Vehicle ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Brucea Javanica ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Delivery Strategies ◽  
Molecular Components ◽  
Brucea Javanica Oil

Brucea javanica oil (BJO) is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat various types of cancer and inflammatory diseases. There is significant interest in understanding the medicinal activities of BJO and its molecular components, especially quassinoids, and in exploring how they can be incorporated into nanomedicine delivery strategies for improved application prospects. Herein, we cover the latest progress in developing different classes of drug delivery vehicles, including nanoemulsions, liposomes, nanostructured lipid carriers, and spongosomes, to encapsulate BJO and purified quassinoids. An introduction to the composition and medicinal activities of BJO and its molecular components, including quassinoids and fatty acids, is first provided. Application examples involving each type of drug delivery vehicle are then critically presented. Future opportunities for nanomedicine delivery strategies in the field are also discussed and considered within the context of translational medicine needs and drug development processes.

Collagen-Peptide-Based Drug Delivery Strategies

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Arthi Jayaraman ◽  
Christopher Price ◽  
Millicent O. Sullivan ◽  
Kristi L. Kiick
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Computational Simulations ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Collagen Peptide ◽  
Travel Restrictions ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Delivery Strategies ◽  
Pathological Tissues

Collagen-targeting strategies have proven to be an effective method for targeting drugs to pathological tissues for treatment of disease. The use of collagen-like peptides for controlling the assembly of drug delivery vehicles, as well as their integration into collagen-containing matrices, offers significant advantages for tuning the morphologies of assembled structures, their thermoresponsiveness, and the loading and release of both small-molecule and macro-molecular cargo. In this contribution, we summarize the design and development of collagen-peptide-based drug delivery systems introduced by the Kiick group and detail the expansion of our understanding and the application of these unique molecules through collaborations with experts in computational simulations (Jayaraman), osteoarthritis (Price), and gene delivery (Sullivan). Kiick was inducted as a Fellow of the National Academy of Inventors in 2019 and was to deliver an address describing the innovations of her research. Given the cancellation of the NAI Annual Meeting as a result of coronavirus travel restrictions, her work based on collagen-peptide-mediated assembly is instead summarized in this contribution.

scholarly journals Advances in Analysis of Biodistribution of Exosomes by Molecular Imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Weon Yi ◽  
Jun Ho Lee ◽  
Sang-Yeob Kim ◽  
Chan-Gi Pack ◽  
Dae Hyun Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
And Function ◽  
Different Sources

Exosomes are nano-sized membranous vesicles produced by nearly all types of cells. Since exosome-like vesicles are produced in an evolutionarily conserved manner for information and function transfer from the originating cells to recipient cells, an increasing number of studies have focused on their application as therapeutic agents, drug delivery vehicles, and diagnostic targets. Analysis of the in vivo distribution of exosomes is a prerequisite for the development of exosome-based therapeutics and drug delivery vehicles with accurate prediction of therapeutic dose and potential side effects. Various attempts to evaluate the biodistribution of exosomes obtained from different sources have been reported. In this review, we examined the current trends and the advantages and disadvantages of the methods used to determine the biodistribution of exosomes by molecular imaging. We also reviewed 29 publications to compare the methods employed to isolate, analyze, and label exosomes as well as to determine the biodistribution of labeled exosomes.

scholarly journals Probing the drug delivery strategies in ischemic stroke therapy

Drug Delivery ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 1644-1655
Author(s):  
Qiong Wu ◽  
Rong Yan ◽  
Jingjing Sun
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Stroke Therapy ◽  
Delivery Strategies

Dendrimers: General Aspects, Applications and Structural Exploitations as Prodrug/Drug-delivery Vehicles in Current Medicine

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 439-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merina Mariyam ◽  
Kajal Ghosal ◽  
Sabu Thomas ◽  
Nandakumar Kalarikkal ◽  
Mahima S. Latha
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
General Aspects

scholarly journals Biodistribution and Pharmacokinectics of Liposomes and Exosomes in a Mouse Model of Sepsis

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 427
Author(s):  
Amin Mirzaaghasi ◽  
Yunho Han ◽  
So-Hee Ahn ◽  
Chulhee Choi ◽  
Ji-Ho Park
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Hek293t Cell ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Context Analysis ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Diseased State ◽  
Sepsis And Septic Shock

Exosomes have attracted considerable attention as drug delivery vehicles because their biological properties can be utilized for selective delivery of therapeutic cargoes to disease sites. In this context, analysis of the in vivo behaviors of exosomes in a diseased state is required to maximize their therapeutic potential as drug delivery vehicles. In this study, we investigated biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of HEK293T cell-derived exosomes and PEGylated liposomes, their synthetic counterparts, into healthy and sepsis mice. We found that biodistribution and pharmacokinetics of exosomes were significantly affected by pathophysiological conditions of sepsis compared to those of liposomes. In the sepsis mice, a substantial number of exosomes were found in the lung after intravenous injection, and their prolonged blood residence was observed due to the liver dysfunction. However, liposomes did not show such sepsis-specific effects significantly. These results demonstrate that exosome-based therapeutics can be developed to manage sepsis and septic shock by virtue of their sepsis-specific in vivo behaviors.

scholarly journals Advances in Molecularly Imprinted Polymers as Drug Delivery Systems

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3589
Author(s):  
Rui Liu ◽  
Alessandro Poma
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Molecularly Imprinted Polymers ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Molecularly Imprinted ◽  
Imprinted Polymers ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
The Past ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Delivery Vehicles

Despite the tremendous efforts made in the past decades, severe side/toxic effects and poor bioavailability still represent the main challenges that hinder the clinical translation of drug molecules. This has turned the attention of investigators towards drug delivery vehicles that provide a localized and controlled drug delivery. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) as novel and versatile drug delivery vehicles have been widely studied in recent years due to the advantages of selective recognition, enhanced drug loading, sustained release, and robustness in harsh conditions. This review highlights the design and development of strategies undertaken for MIPs used as drug delivery vehicles involving different drug delivery mechanisms, such as rate-programmed, stimuli-responsive and active targeting, published during the course of the past five years.

scholarly journals A Review on Allopathic and Herbal Nanofibrous Drug Delivery Vehicles for Cancer Treatments

2021 ◽  
pp. e00663
Author(s):  
Tarun Mateti ◽  
Surabhi Aswath ◽  
Anoop Kishore Vatti ◽  
Agneya Kamath ◽  
Anindita Laha
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Delivery Vehicles
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