Salivary Antioxidant and Oxidative Stress Marker Levels in HIV-Positive Individuals

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Samaneh Vaziri Amjad ◽  
Poorandokht Davoodi ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Goodarzi ◽  
Hamidreza Abdolsamadi ◽  
Jalal Poorolajal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Background:HIV infections are a worldwide health problem. HIV infection reduces CD4+ cell counts. Oxidative stress might play an important role in the stimulation of virus replication and immunodeficiency. Saliva might be the first line of defense against oxidative stress.Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the oxidative stress marker and antioxidant levels of saliva in HIV-infected patients by measuring total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde level.Methods:A total of 49 HIV-positive patients and 49 healthy HIV-negative individuals were randomly selected. All the patients were clinically examined. Five mL of unstimulated whole saliva was collected and evaluated by spectrophotometric assay. Data were analyzed with STATA 11.Results:Mean ages of the case and control groups were 28 and 33 years, respectively. Salivary malondialdehyde levels were significantly higher in the HIV-positive group (3.68±2.26) compared to the healthy control group (2.79±1.91). Levels of salivary total antioxidant capacity were significantly lower in the HIV-positive group (0.20± 0.09) compared to the control group (0.27±0.10).Conclusion:The antioxidant defense system in HIV-positive individuals was low and oxidative stress was high in this population. Saliva might be used as a diagnostic tool for antioxidant changes in HIV-positive patients in the future. There were changes in salivary antioxidant defense system and oxidative stress in HIV-positive individuals. Antioxidant supplements might help local salivary and general health statuses.

scholarly journals Effect of Daily Chewing Soft Buds and Leaves of Catha edulis (Khat) on the Antioxidant Defense System and Oxidative Stress Markers in Blood

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Mohammed Naji ◽  
Maher Ali Al-Maqtari ◽  
Adnan Ali Al-Asbahi ◽  
Qais Yusuf M. Abdullah ◽  
R. Nagesh Babu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Catha Edulis ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals Parameters of Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Protection in Men with Pathological Spermogram Variants

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Nadezhda A. Kurashova ◽  
Ekaterina A. Kudeyarova ◽  
Ekaterina O. Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Total Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Protection ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Peroxidation Processes

Background.Today infertile marriage is not only a serious medical, but also a socio-demographic and economic problem. Male factor contributes averagely to half of the cases of the disease in couples. Such factors as high levels of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress have been reported to compromise the process of spermatogenesis and sperm function in men. Oxidative stress is a significant risk factor for male infertility. A pro-oxidant testicular environment may alter the expression profile of functional sperm proteins and result in poor sperm quality.Aims.To study the characteristics of the intensity of the processes of lipoperoxidation and antioxidant status in the ejaculate of men with different variants of spermograms.Materials and methods.We examined 69 men with primary infertility and 155 fertile men. The content of lipid peroxidation components and antioxidant protection was determined by spectrophotometric method.Results.The results of the study in men with infertility and asthenozoospermia showed decreased total antioxidant activity of sperm by 50 % and α-tocopherol by 52 %, and in men with infertility and oligozoospermia, decreased total antioxidant activity of sperm by 47 % and α-tocopherol by 41 %.Conclusions.The analysis indicates a change in the parameters of the system of lipid peroxidation – antioxidant defense system and confirms the development of oxidative stress in them. Depending on the pathological state of the ejaculate in men of reproductive age, lipid peroxidation processes have their own characteristics. In men with oligozoospermia, peroxidation processes occur more intensively. Activation of lipid peroxidation – antioxidant defense system processes can be both a consequence and a cause of various metabolic changes in the human body.

scholarly journals Characteristics of lipid peroxidation processes and factors of the antioxidant defense system in chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer

2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
O. V. Smirnova ◽  
V. V. Tsukanov ◽  
A. A. Sinyakov ◽  
O. L. Moskalenko ◽  
N. G. Elmanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase

Background. The problem of gastric cancer remains unresolved throughout the world, while chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) increases the likelihood of its development by 15 times. In the Russian Federation, the incidence of gastric cancer (GC) is among the highest, with it prevailing among males. One of the leading mechanisms in molecular pathology of membranes is lipid peroxidation (LPO). The severity of oxidative membrane damage depends on concomitant diseases, contributing to emergence and progression of pathological processes and development of cancer. Currently, the problem of LPO is unsolved in biological systems.The aim of this study was to investigate the state of LPO and antioxidant defense system in CAG and GC. Materials and methods. The parameters were studied in 45 patients with CAG and 50 patients with GC. The control group included 50 practically healthy volunteers without gastrointestinal complaints, who did not have changes in the gastric mucosa according to the fibroesophagogastroduodenoscopy (FEGDS) findings.Results. In patients with CAG, an increase in malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, and glutathione peroxidase was found in the blood plasma compared with the control group. In patients with CAG, lipid peroxidation was activated, and the malondialdehyde level increased by 3.5 times relative to normal values. At the same time, the body fought against oxidative stress by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, and glutathione peroxidase. All patients with GC showed pronounced oxidative stress in the blood plasma in the form of a 45-fold increase in malondialdehyde. The activity of the main antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase was reduced in GC. Catalase was activated, which indicated pronounced oxidative stress, significant damage to blood vessels, and massive cell death. Glutathione-related enzymes (glutathione S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase) and the antioxidant protein ceruloplasmin were activated, which also indicated significant oxidative stress and severe intoxication in patients with GC.Conclusion. Depending on the stage and type of cancer, an in-depth study of lipid peroxidation and factors of the antioxidant defense system can be used to correct therapy and prevent cancer and can serve as markers of progression and prognosis in gastric cancer. 

Oligopeptides from Jinhua ham prevent alcohol-induced liver damage by regulating intestinal homeostasis and oxidative stress in mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Nie ◽  
Ye-ye Du ◽  
Fei-ran Xu ◽  
Kai Zhou ◽  
Zhao-ming Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Bioactive Peptide ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Stress Injury ◽  
Jinhua Ham ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Lys-Arg-Gln-Lys-Tyr-Asp bioactive peptide in JHP prevent ALD by regulating gut microbiota, upregulating the expression of the NRF2/HO-1 antioxidant defense system and reducing oxidative stress injury in liver cells.

scholarly journals Effect of peritoneal dialysis on antioxidant defense system and oxidative stress

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzaneh Montazerifar ◽  
Mansour Karajibani ◽  
Houshang Sanadgol ◽  
Mohammad Hashemi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Defense System ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals Chicoric acid supplementation ameliorates cognitive impairment induced by oxidative stress via promotion of antioxidant defense system

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (57) ◽  
pp. 36149-36162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutang Wang ◽  
Zhijun Diao ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Bo Ren ◽  
Di Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Acid Supplementation ◽  
Chicoric Acid ◽  
System P ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Illustration of effects of chicoric acid on neuroprotection againstd-gal-induced memory impairmentviainflammation and oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Enzymatic response of Macrobrachium jelskii (Miers, 1877) exposed to water from urban and rural rivers in Bahia, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e46010615638
Author(s):  
Thais Arrais Mota ◽  
Elissandra Ulbricht Winkaler ◽  
Guilherme de Oliveira ◽  
Sergio Schwarz da Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Water Sampling ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
Dry And Rainy Seasons

Several biomarker enzymes such as catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) can be used to measure oxidative stress in animals caused by exposure to xenobiotics. The objective of the present study was to characterize different points of the Capivari (CP1 and CP2), Paraguaçu (PG1 and PG2) and Subaé (SB1 and SB2) Rivers, state of Bahia, in relation to the presence of xenobiotics, using CAT and GST as bioindicators in M. jelskii. The water-sampling sites were considered urban or rural and in all of them signs of environmental degradation were observed. Therefore, acute exposure tests (96h) were performed with water samples collected during the dry and rainy seasons. Results showed that the activity of CAT and GST in prawns exposed to water from CP1 and CP2 were very similar, while those exposed to water from PG1, PG2, SB1 and SB2 formed distinct groups of data. Significant increase in the activity of at least one of the analyzed enzymes in each sampling site was observed, when compared to animals in the control group. This demonstrated a possible oxidative stress in M. jelskii caused by the presence of xenobiotics in the water (e.g., domestic sewage, pesticides, oil, and heavy metals). Enzymatic activities were higher in animals from experiments carried out in the rainy season, except for the CAT activity of animals exposed to water from Subaé River. This study demonstrated the potential of M. jelskii as bioindicator and contributed to the knowledge of aspects of the antioxidant defense system of this species.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress/PERK/apoptotic pathways interaction contribute to tramadol neurotoxicity in rat cerebral and cerebellar cortex and thyme enhances the antioxidant defense system: histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahla Reda Sarhan ◽  
Yasmeen Mohamed Taalab
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Cerebellar Cortex ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Opioid Analgesic ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Defense System

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Tramadol is an opioid analgesic with several adverse reactions. Oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stresses have been involved in the molecular mechanisms underlying tramadol neurotoxicity. Importantly, protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK) is a key ER-downstream pathway that mediates apoptosis. We aimed to determine the cellular stresses interaction that mediates PERK-induced apoptosis in tramadol-treated rats and to assess the effect of thyme in enhancing the antioxidant defense system in the face of such stresses.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Forty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into 4 groups. Control group, thyme group received thyme extract (500 mg/kg/day) orally. Tramadol group received tramadol HCL (40 mg/Kg/day) dissolved in saline orally. Tramadol + Thyme group received tramadol and thyme extract. After 30 days, frontal motor and cerebellar cortex specimens were biochemically assessed for oxidative stress biomarkers and evaluated for histological, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical changes.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Tramadol group showed a significant elevation in malondialdehyde level with a reduction in superoxide dismutase and catalase enzyme activities. Histologically and ultrastructurally, there were remarkable degenerative and apoptotic changes in the neurons and glial cells. In parallel, we detected a significant increase in integrated density for PERK immunostaining and number of caspase-3 positive cells/HPF compared to control. Tramadol + Thyme group showed improvement in oxidative stress parameters, histological and ultrastructural changes. Moreover, integrated density for PERK immunostaining and number of caspase-3 positive cells/HPF were significantly lower than Tramadol group.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Oxidative and ER stress-mediated PERK/apoptosis axis corroborates to the tramadol-induced neurotoxicity. Therapeutic strategies enhancing antioxidant activity and/or blocking ROS-mediated ER stress pathway may resolve tramadol neurotoxicity.</p>

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