Investigational Hypoxia-Activated Prodrugs: Making Sense of Future Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 668-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min-Xia Su ◽  
Le-Le Zhang ◽  
Zhang-Jian Huang ◽  
Jia-Jie Shi ◽  
Jin-Jian Lu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Patient Selection ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Drug Research ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Preclinical Models ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Different Types

Hypoxia, which occurs in most cancer cases, disrupts the efficacy of anticarcinogens. Fortunately, hypoxia itself is a potential target for cancer treatment. Hypoxia-activated prodrugs (HAPs) can be selectively activated by reductase under hypoxia. Some promising HAPs have been already achieved, and many clinical trials of HAPs in different types of cancer are ongoing. However, none of them has been approved in clinic to date. From the studies on HAPs began, some achievements are obtained but more challenges are put forward. In this paper, we reviewed the research progress of HAPs to discuss the strategies for HAPs development. According to the research status and results of these studies, administration pattern, reductase activity, and patient selection need to be taken into consideration to further improve the efficacy of existing HAPs. As the requirement of new drug research and development, design of optimal preclinical models and clinical trials are quite important in HAPs development, while different drug delivery systems and anticancer drugs with different mechanisms can be sources of novel HAPs.

scholarly journals Lipid-Based Nanoparticles in the Clinic and Clinical Trials: From Cancer Nanomedicine to COVID-19 Vaccines

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 359
Author(s):  
Thai Thanh Hoang Thi ◽  
Estelle J. A. Suys ◽  
Jung Seok Lee ◽  
Dai Hai Nguyen ◽  
Ki Dong Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Lipid Nanoparticles ◽  
Therapeutic Vaccines ◽  
Cancer Nanomedicine ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
Further Development

COVID-19 vaccines have been developed with unprecedented speed which would not have been possible without decades of fundamental research on delivery nanotechnology. Lipid-based nanoparticles have played a pivotal role in the successes of COVID-19 vaccines and many other nanomedicines, such as Doxil® and Onpattro®, and have therefore been considered as the frontrunner in nanoscale drug delivery systems. In this review, we aim to highlight the progress in the development of these lipid nanoparticles for various applications, ranging from cancer nanomedicines to COVID-19 vaccines. The lipid-based nanoparticles discussed in this review are liposomes, niosomes, transfersomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, and nanostructured lipid carriers. We particularly focus on the innovations that have obtained regulatory approval or that are in clinical trials. We also discuss the physicochemical properties required for specific applications, highlight the differences in requirements for the delivery of different cargos, and introduce current challenges that need further development. This review serves as a useful guideline for designing new lipid nanoparticles for both preventative and therapeutic vaccines including immunotherapies.

Recent advances in polymer shell-oily core nanocapsules for drug delivery applications

Nanomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed S AbdElhamid ◽  
Dina G Zayed ◽  
Lamia Heikal ◽  
Sherine N Khattab ◽  
Omar Y Mady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Controlled Drug Release ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Polymeric Membranes ◽  
Polymer Shell ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Target Sites ◽  
Different Types

Polymeric nanocapsules are vesicular drug delivery systems composed of an inner oily reservoir surrounded by polymeric membranes. Nanocapsules have various advantages over other nanovesicular systems such as providing controlled drug release properties. We discuss the recent advances in polymeric shell-oily core nanocapsules, illustrating the different types of polymers used and their implementation. Nanocapsules can be utilized for many purposes, especially encapsulation of highly lipophilic drugs. They have been shown to have variable applications, especially in cancer therapy, due to the ability of the polymeric shell to direct the loaded drugs to their target sites, as well as their high internalization efficacy. Those productive applications guaranteed their high potential as drug delivery systems. However, their clinical development is still in an early stage.

scholarly journals Versatile Types of Polysaccharide-Based Drug Delivery Systems: From Strategic Design to Cancer Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (23) ◽  
pp. 9159
Author(s):  
Yanzhen Sun ◽  
Xiaodong Jing ◽  
Xiaoli Ma ◽  
Yinglong Feng ◽  
Hao Hu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Chemotherapy Drugs ◽  
Strategic Design ◽  
Good Biocompatibility

Chemotherapy is still the most direct and effective means of cancer therapy nowadays. The proposal of drug delivery systems (DDSs) has effectively improved many shortcomings of traditional chemotherapy drugs. The technical support of DDSs lies in their excellent material properties. Polysaccharides include a series of natural polymers, such as chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and alginic acid. These polysaccharides have good biocompatibility and degradability, and they are easily chemical modified. Therefore, polysaccharides are ideal candidate materials to construct DDSs, and their clinical application prospects have been favored by researchers. On the basis of versatile types of polysaccharides, this review elaborates their applications from strategic design to cancer therapy. The construction and modification methods of polysaccharide-based DDSs are specifically explained, and the latest research progress of polysaccharide-based DDSs in cancer therapy are also summarized. The purpose of this review is to provide a reference for the design and preparation of polysaccharide-based DDSs with excellent performance.

scholarly journals Transmucosal Absorption Enhancers in the Drug Delivery Field

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maher ◽  
Casettari ◽  
Illum
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Permeation Enhancer ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Permeation Enhancers ◽  
Absorption Enhancers ◽  
Chemical Permeation Enhancers ◽  
Epithelial Barriers ◽  
Chemical Permeation

Drug delivery systems that safely and consistently improve transport of poorly absorbed compounds across epithelial barriers are highly sought within the drug delivery field. The use of chemical permeation enhancers is one of the simplest and widely tested approaches to improve transmucosal permeability via oral, nasal, buccal, ocular and pulmonary routes. To date, only a small number of permeation enhancers have progressed to clinical trials, and only one product that includes a permeation enhancer has reached the pharmaceutical market. This editorial is an introduction to the special issue entitled Transmucosal Absorption Enhancers in the Drug Delivery Field (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/pharmaceutics/special_issues/transmucosal_absorption_enhancers). The guest editors outline the scope of the issue, reflect on the results and the conclusions of the 19 articles published in the issue and provide an outlook on the use of permeation enhancers in the drug delivery field.

scholarly journals Nanobiomaterials Used in Cancer Therapy: An Up-To-Date Overview

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (19) ◽  
pp. 3547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iulia Ioana Lungu ◽  
Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu ◽  
Adrian Volceanov ◽  
Ecaterina Andronescu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Reticuloendothelial System ◽  
Stepping Stones ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Materials Development ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Effective System ◽  
Healthy Body

The disadvantages that come with traditional cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, generated a research shift toward nanotechnology. However, even with the important advancements regarding cancer therapy, there are still serious stepping stones that need to be addressed. The use of both nanotechnology and nanomedicine has generated significant improvements in nano-sized materials development and their use as therapeutic, diagnosis, and imaging agents. The biological barriers that come from the healthy body, as well from the tumorous sites, are important parameters that need to be taken into consideration when designing drug delivery systems. There are several aspects of extreme importance such as the tumor microenvironment and vasculature, the reticuloendothelial system, the blood–brain barrier, the blood–tumor barrier, and the renal system. In order to achieve an effective system for cancer therapy, several characteristics of the nanoparticles have been outlined. Moreover, this review has also focused on the different types of nanoparticles that have been studied over the years as potential candidates for cancer therapy.

Research Progress in Bioinspired Drug Delivery Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 1269-1288
Author(s):  
Qirong Tong ◽  
Na Qiu ◽  
Jianbo Ji ◽  
Lei Ye ◽  
Guangxi Zhai
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Research Progress

Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Systems for Cardiovascular Applications

2019 ◽  
pp. 499-508
Author(s):  
Arti Patel ◽  
Yashwant V. Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Controlled Drug Release ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Delivery Methods ◽  
Specific Targeting ◽  
Nanoparticle Drug Delivery ◽  
Treatment And Diagnosis

Nanomedicine has vastly improved the treatment and diagnosis of many cardiovascular conditions such as atherosclerosis, myocardial ischemia, myocardial infarction, restenosis, and thrombosis. A few nanoparticle drug delivery systems that are currently being tested and used in clinical trials include lipid-based drug delivery, controlled drug release, and specific targeting. The chapter describes the various drug delivery methods, the various nanoparticles, and their application on specific cardiovascular conditions. This chapter compiles examples of specific clinical trials that are being conducted, using nanoparticles for therapy of cardiovascular conditions.

scholarly journals Key Points in Remote-Controlled Drug Delivery: From the Carrier Design to Clinical Trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (17) ◽  
pp. 9149
Author(s):  
Denis V. Voronin ◽  
Anatolii A. Abalymov ◽  
Yulia I. Svenskaya ◽  
Maria V. Lomova
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Controlled Drug Delivery ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Optimal Choice ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Specific Accumulation

The increased research activity aiming at improved delivery of pharmaceutical molecules indicates the expansion of the field. An efficient therapeutic delivery approach is based on the optimal choice of drug-carrying vehicle, successful targeting, and payload release enabling the site-specific accumulation of the therapeutic molecules. However, designing the formulation endowed with the targeting properties in vitro does not guarantee its selective delivery in vivo. The various biological barriers that the carrier encounters upon intravascular administration should be adequately addressed in its overall design to reduce the off-target effects and unwanted toxicity in vivo and thereby enhance the therapeutic efficacy of the payload. Here, we discuss the main parameters of remote-controlled drug delivery systems: (i) key principles of the carrier selection; (ii) the most significant physiological barriers and limitations associated with the drug delivery; (iii) major concepts for its targeting and cargo release stimulation by external stimuli in vivo. The clinical translation for drug delivery systems is also described along with the main challenges, key parameters, and examples of successfully translated drug delivery platforms. The essential steps on the way from drug delivery system design to clinical trials are summarized, arranged, and discussed.

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