scholarly journals Carotenoid Pigments Encapsulation: Fundamentals, Techniques and Recent Trends

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego T. Santos ◽  
M. Angela A. Meireles
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Supercritical Fluids ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Particle Formation ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Carotenoid Pigments ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Instability Problem ◽  
Recent Trends

Supercritical fluids have become an attractive alternative due to environmentally friendly solvents. The methods that use supercritical fluids can be conveniently used for various applications such as extraction, reactions, particle formation and encapsulation. For encapsulation purposes, the processing conditions given by supercritical technology have important advantages over other methods that include harsh treatments with regard to pH, temperature, light, the use of organic solvents, etc. Unstable functional pigments such as carotenoids extracted from natural sources have been encapsulated to overcome instability problem. Thus, the most used techniques applicable to this intention are described and discussed in this review as well the recent advances and recent trends in this topic that involves the use of supercritical fluids.

scholarly journals Application of Fluids in Supercritical Conditions in the Polymer Industry

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 729
Author(s):  
Karol Tutek ◽  
Anna Masek ◽  
Anna Kosmalska ◽  
Stefan Cichosz
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Supercritical Fluids ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Particle Formation ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Supercritical Conditions ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Polymer Industry ◽  
The Individual

This article reviews the use of fluids under supercritical conditions in processes related to the modern and innovative polymer industry. The most important processes using supercritical fluids are: extraction, particle formation, micronization, encapsulation, impregnation, polymerization and foaming. This review article briefly describes and characterizes the individual processes, with a focus on extraction, micronization, particle formation and encapsulation. The methods mentioned focus on modifications in the scope of conducting processes in a more ecological manner and showing higher quality efficiency. Nowadays, due to the growing trend of ecological solutions in the chemical industry, we see more and more advanced technological solutions. Less toxic fluids under supercritical conditions can be used as an ecological alternative to organic solvents widely used in the polymer industry. The use of supercritical conditions to conduct these processes creates new opportunities for obtaining materials and products with specialized applications, in particular in the medical, pharmacological, cosmetic and food industries, based on substances of natural sources. The considerations contained in this article are intended to increase the awareness of the need to change the existing techniques. In particular, the importance of using supercritical fluids in more industrial methods and for the development of already known processes, as well as creating new solutions with their use, should be emphasized.

Development and Validation of a Green Analytical Method for the Determination of Norfloxacin in Raw Material by FTIR Spectrophotometry

2016 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 1533-1536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéssica Sayuri Hisano Natori ◽  
Eliane Gandolpho Tótoli ◽  
Hérida Regina Nunes Salgado
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Ftir Spectrophotometry ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Development And Validation

Abstract Norfloxacin is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, widely used in humans and animals for the treatment of urinary tract infections. It is a second-generation fluoroquinolone. Several analytical methods to analyze norfloxacin have been described in the literature. However, most of them are complex and require the use of large amounts of organic solvents. This paper describes the development and validation of a green analytical method for the determination of norfloxacin in raw material by FTIR spectrophotometry. This method does not require the use of organic solvents, minimizing waste generation in the process and its environmental impacts. The development of methods that promote the reduction, prevention, or elimination of waste generation has become highly attractive to the pharmaceutical industry because of the growing demand from civil society and government authorities for environmentally friendly products and services. The FTIR spectrophotometry method was validated according to International Conference on Harmonization guidelines, showing adequate linearity (r = 0.9936), precision, accuracy, and robustness. This validated method can be used as an environmentally friendly alternative for the quantification of norfloxacin in raw material in QC routine analysis.

scholarly journals Trends in Particle Formation of Bioactive Compounds Using Supercritical Fluids and Nanoemulsions

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 142-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Thereza M. S. Gomes ◽  
Diego T. Santos ◽  
M. Angela A. Meireles
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Supercritical Fluids ◽  
Particle Formation

SANS Studies of Polymers in Organic Solvents and Supercritical Fluids in the Poor, Theta, and Good Solvent Domains

1999 ◽  
pp. 317-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. B. Melnichenko ◽  
E. Kiran ◽  
K. Heath ◽  
S. Salaniwal ◽  
H. D. Cochran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Supercritical Fluids ◽  
The Poor

Efficient synthesis of esters through oxone-catalyzed dehydrogenation of carboxylic acids and alcohols

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (48) ◽  
pp. 9472-9476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Hou ◽  
Xi-Cun Wang ◽  
Zheng-Jun Quan
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Efficient Synthesis

An environmentally friendly oxone (20 mol%) catalyzed esterification of carboxylic acids with alcohols has been developed, providing an attractive alternative to the construction of valuable carbonyl esters.

Aqueous Microemulsions as Efficient and Versatile Media for Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Reactions

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason G. Taylor ◽  
Jailton Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Organic Reaction ◽  
Oil In Water ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
Transition Metal Catalyzed ◽  
Catalyzed Reactions ◽  
Metal Catalyzed

The search for efficient and versatile reaction medium to perform transition-metal-catalyzed reactions is a continuous challenge to the synthetic community. Organic solvents have been traditionally employed for this task, nevertheless, new environmentally friendly, safe, and economically viable alternatives are still highly sought after. In this context, herein, we present an overview of some interesting applications of aqueous microemulsions (oil-in-water, O/W) for transition metal catalyzed reactions as an alternative and promising aqueous-organic reaction medium that has been found to be a highly effective tool in overcoming some environmental or practical issues presented by traditional organic solvents.

scholarly journals High-throughput toxicity screening of novel azepanium and 3-methylpiperidinium ionic liquids

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (39) ◽  
pp. 22864-22870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela L. Tether ◽  
Garry Laverty ◽  
Alberto V. Puga ◽  
Kenneth R. Seddon ◽  
Brendan F. Gilmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Toxicity Screening ◽  
Bioenergy Production

Ionic liquids have been employed as potentially environmentally friendly replacements for organic solvents, but have also been studied for their use in bioelectrochemical applications, such as bioenergy production, or in industrial biocatalysis.

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