scholarly journals Application of Fluids in Supercritical Conditions in the Polymer Industry

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 729
Author(s):  
Karol Tutek ◽  
Anna Masek ◽  
Anna Kosmalska ◽  
Stefan Cichosz
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Supercritical Fluids ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Particle Formation ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Supercritical Conditions ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Polymer Industry ◽  
The Individual

This article reviews the use of fluids under supercritical conditions in processes related to the modern and innovative polymer industry. The most important processes using supercritical fluids are: extraction, particle formation, micronization, encapsulation, impregnation, polymerization and foaming. This review article briefly describes and characterizes the individual processes, with a focus on extraction, micronization, particle formation and encapsulation. The methods mentioned focus on modifications in the scope of conducting processes in a more ecological manner and showing higher quality efficiency. Nowadays, due to the growing trend of ecological solutions in the chemical industry, we see more and more advanced technological solutions. Less toxic fluids under supercritical conditions can be used as an ecological alternative to organic solvents widely used in the polymer industry. The use of supercritical conditions to conduct these processes creates new opportunities for obtaining materials and products with specialized applications, in particular in the medical, pharmacological, cosmetic and food industries, based on substances of natural sources. The considerations contained in this article are intended to increase the awareness of the need to change the existing techniques. In particular, the importance of using supercritical fluids in more industrial methods and for the development of already known processes, as well as creating new solutions with their use, should be emphasized.

scholarly journals Carotenoid Pigments Encapsulation: Fundamentals, Techniques and Recent Trends

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego T. Santos ◽  
M. Angela A. Meireles
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Supercritical Fluids ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Particle Formation ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Carotenoid Pigments ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Instability Problem ◽  
Recent Trends

Supercritical fluids have become an attractive alternative due to environmentally friendly solvents. The methods that use supercritical fluids can be conveniently used for various applications such as extraction, reactions, particle formation and encapsulation. For encapsulation purposes, the processing conditions given by supercritical technology have important advantages over other methods that include harsh treatments with regard to pH, temperature, light, the use of organic solvents, etc. Unstable functional pigments such as carotenoids extracted from natural sources have been encapsulated to overcome instability problem. Thus, the most used techniques applicable to this intention are described and discussed in this review as well the recent advances and recent trends in this topic that involves the use of supercritical fluids.

Colorants in plastic applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Pfaff
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Important Application ◽  
Processing Method ◽  
Application Systems ◽  
Plastic Type ◽  
Printing Inks ◽  
Cosmetic Formulations ◽  
Plastics Processing ◽  
The Individual

AbstractThis review article is a summary of the current knowledge in the field of plastic coloring. Plastics belong as well as paints, coatings, printing inks, and cosmetic formulations to the most important application systems for colorants, both for pigments and dyes. Colorants have to meet increasing demands in plastic applications due to the growing number of polymers with specific properties. Crucial factors besides the plastic type are the processing method and the required fastness level. Among the most important polymers for coloring with pigments and dyes are polyolefins, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyester, and elastomers. Different processing methods are used for coloring of the individual plastics. The coloring processes need to be coordinated in accordance with the steps of the plastics processing leading to the final product.

Attending to the Teacher in the Teaching: Prioritizing Faculty Well-Being

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Brianne H. Roos ◽  
Carey C. Borkoski
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Professional Learning ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
High Expectations ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The University

Purpose The purpose of this review article is to examine the well-being of faculty in higher education. Success in academia depends on productivity in research, teaching, and service to the university, and the workload model that excludes attention to the welfare of faculty members themselves contributes to stress and burnout. Importantly, student success and well-being is influenced largely by their faculty members, whose ability to inspire and lead depends on their own well-being. This review article underscores the importance of attending to the well-being of the people behind the productivity in higher education. Method This study is a narrative review of the literature about faculty well-being in higher education. The history of well-being in the workplace and academia, concepts of stress and well-being in higher education faculty, and evidence-based strategies to promote and cultivate faculty well-being were explored in the literature using electronic sources. Conclusions Faculty feel overburdened and pressured to work constantly to meet the demands of academia, and they strive for work–life balance. Faculty report stress and burnout related to excessively high expectations, financial pressures to obtain research funding, limited time to manage their workload, and a belief that individual progress is never sufficient. Faculty well-being is important for the individual and in support of scholarship and student outcomes. This article concludes with strategies to improve faculty well-being that incorporate an intentional focus on faculty members themselves, prioritize a community of well-being, and implement continuous high-quality professional learning.

scholarly journals BIOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF MICROBES IN AGRICULTURE, FOOD AND PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY: A REVIEW

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
MARIA KALSOOM ◽  
FAZAL UR REHMAN ◽  
TALHA SHAFIQUE ◽  
SANWAL JUNAID ◽  
NIMRA KHALID ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Review Article ◽  
The Other ◽  
Medicinal Products ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Effect Of Food ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

Biotechnology is the most prominent and rapidly growing segment of the biological sciences that is making its diversified application in sustainable agriculture. Biofertilizers, biopesticides, bioherbicides, bioinsecticides, and many of the other fungal based and viral based insecticides, obtained using microorganisms, are some of the outcomes of biotechnology playing a key role in sustainable agriculture. Many of other important food products are also obtained by microbial fermentation. Different microbes are added to get the desired effect of food at the specific stages of food production process. Pharmaceutical microbiology includes the manufacturing of different pharmaceutical and medicinal products. This review article has a wide overview of microbes mainly used in agriculture, food industries, and pharmaceutical industries.

scholarly journals Understanding the role of convenience in consumer food choices: a review article

SURG Journal ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary-Ellen Wales
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Demand ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Home Delivery ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Western World ◽  
Internet Shopping ◽  
Meal Preparation ◽  
The Individual

It is evident that convenience plays a prominent role in the food choices of today’s consumers. A trend having begun throughout the Western world, consumer demand for convenience foods is now on the rise around the globe. The growing presence of drive-thru windows, microwave dinners, take-out meals, home delivery for groceries and internet shopping, all demonstrate the importance of convenience in determining food choices. Costa et al. have argued that convenience itself determines where, when, why, what, how, and even with whom we eat. Several studies have examined the role that convenience plays in determining food choices, in particular, studies looking at the role of convenience in relation to full meal preparation and/ or consumption.The two areas of investigation will be 1) the dimensions of convenience as a part of the meal preparation and consumption processe, and 2) the individual characteristics of consumers and how they value these dimensions.

scholarly journals Trends in Particle Formation of Bioactive Compounds Using Supercritical Fluids and Nanoemulsions

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 142-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Thereza M. S. Gomes ◽  
Diego T. Santos ◽  
M. Angela A. Meireles
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Supercritical Fluids ◽  
Particle Formation

scholarly journals New particle formation during α- and β-pinene oxidation by O<sub>3</sub>, OH and NO<sub>3</sub>, and the influence of water vapour: particle size distribution studies

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 469-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Bonn ◽  
G. K. Moortgat
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Particle Formation ◽  
New Particle Formation ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer ◽  
Volume Yield ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Aerosol Volume

Abstract. New particle formation during the oxidation of a- and b-pinene (C10H16) by ozone, OH and NO3 was studied by measuring the particle size distributions with a scanning mobility particle sizer (TSI 3936). The results indicate a drastically higher nucleation potential of the ozonolysis than in the reaction with either OH or NO3. On the contrary, the contribution of the individual oxidation reactions to form new aerosol volume was found to depend on the location of the carbon double bond to be oxidized: for the endocyclic a-pinene reactions the ozonolysis contributed mostly to the aerosol volume yield, whereas for the exocyclic b-pinene reactions the oxidation by O3, OH and NO3 yielded a similar aerosol volume. In a second part of this study the influence of water vapour on the nucleation in all three possible oxidation routes was examined. The observations revealed only an effect of water vapour during the ozonolysis reactions.

SANS Studies of Polymers in Organic Solvents and Supercritical Fluids in the Poor, Theta, and Good Solvent Domains

1999 ◽  
pp. 317-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. B. Melnichenko ◽  
E. Kiran ◽  
K. Heath ◽  
S. Salaniwal ◽  
H. D. Cochran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Supercritical Fluids ◽  
The Poor

scholarly journals Binicilik Antrenörü Gözünde Hippoterapi

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 2131-2138
Author(s):  
Ali Ekber Ün
Keyword(s):  
Review Article ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Team Work ◽  
Individuals With Disabilities ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Current Review ◽  
History Of ◽  
Expert Team ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Shed Light

The purpose of this review article is to collaborate on future studies about hippotherapy to horse and riding trainers, health professionals, veterinarians, individuals in need and individuals with disabilities and their relatives and to shed light on academic studies. It has been stated in studies that hippotherapy is beneficial for patients in the world. Therefore, as a result of new private hippotherapy centers in public institutions and in Turkey, studies on hippotherapy have been started. The studies carried out in hippotherapy are increasing and widespread and continuing to contribute to the treatment of the individuals in need and individuals with disabilities with hippotherapy sessions with expert teams. However, in the studies, the sessions of the hippotherapy team with two common creatures have great duties on the equestrian coaches in order to meet the needs of the horse and the individual in need or individual with disability. For this reason, since hippotherapy is a multidisciplinary team work consisting of specialist professionals, it has been researched to contribute to the horse and rider coaches on the field and to the expert team attending the sessions, to the new experts and the families of the individuals in need and disabled individuals. In the current review, the information about the history of hippotherapy and development, information about hippotherapy institutions in Turkey, individuals in need and individuals with disabilities, benefits of hippotherapy, characteristics of the hippotherapy horse, training of the hippotherapy horse are emphasized, and especially emphasis is placed on the use of work in the field of horse and equestrian coaching.

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