scholarly journals Isolation and Culturing Axenic Microalgae: Mini–Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-119
Author(s):  
Saúl Fernandez-Valenzuela ◽  
Francisca Chávez-Ruvalcaba ◽  
Julio Cesar Beltran-Rocha ◽  
Pilar Morales San Claudio ◽  
Raúl Reyna-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Axenic Culture ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Simple Explanation ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Isolation And Purification ◽  
Easy Task ◽  
Axenic Cultures ◽  
The Impact

Microalgae have several applications in nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, biofuel production, and bioremediation, among other fields. Isolation and purification are extremely important for obtaining axenic cultures of microalgae from different environments and crucial for their biotechnological applications, but it is not an easy task. In view of the above, it is fundamental to know the classical and advanced techniques and examples of how scientists from around the globe have applied such methods to isolate several genera and the impact of each step on successful algal purification. This review provides a brief and simple explanation of the methodology for sampling, growth, obtention of unialgal, and posterior axenic culture, which will facilitate the development of novel microalgae-related discoveries and applications for new researchers.

scholarly journals Effect of axenic culture and NAA in Vitro on masoyi (Cryptocarya massoy (Oken) Kosterm) seeds regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 914 (1) ◽  
pp. 012016
Author(s):  
Y Wibisono ◽  
A I Putri ◽  
Y Hadiyan ◽  
L Haryjanto ◽  
L Hakim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Axenic Culture ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Axenic Cultures ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The high valuable endemic commodities in Papua, Masoyi’s (Cryptocarya massoy) population facing great threat due to unsustainable harvest system. Generative propagation faces significant challenges due to seed characteristics and habitat conditions. Controlled conditions and the role of hormones have an important effect on generative growth. This study aimed to determine the influence of axenic culture with sterilization treatments Isothiazolone Biocide (IB) and 1-Naphtaleaneacetic Acid (NAA) in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium on seed regeneration and to observe the development of seedlings at the acclimatization stage. The tissue culture method was used. The highest percentage of axenic cultures (57%) was obtained with 5% of BI. The germination rate of masoyi seeds was achieved by 100%. Furthermore, it showed varied responses depending upon concentrations of NAA, the addition of 1 ml l−1 NAA in MS medium is recommended. Acclimatization has been successfully carried out in the greenhouse (67% survival rate) and excellent seedlings growth at nursery (52.35 + 0.6 cm in height after one year transferred). The impact of the controlled conditions and the addition of NAA to axenic cultures in vitro increased the germination of masoyi seeds. Axenic culture and hormones were also important requirements for mass propagation of masoyi by tissue culture.

AN ECONOMIC STUDY FOR THE IMPACT OF BIOFUEL PRODUCTION EXPANSION

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-260
Author(s):  
I. S. Ali ◽  
A. M. Taryal ◽  
S. A. Abou-El Naga ◽  
M. M. Abd-El Menem
Keyword(s):  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Economic Study ◽  
The Impact

Colony initiation in flax rust in axenic culture: involvement of a volatile factor

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (23) ◽  
pp. 2657-2662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalinda Boasson ◽  
Michael Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Axenic Culture ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Culture Flask ◽  
Melampsora Lini ◽  
Air Space ◽  
Lag Period ◽  
Axenic Cultures ◽  
Incubation Temperatures

In axenic cultures of flax rust (Melampsora lini) colonies are initiated after a lag period of 12–20 days, depending partly on incubation temperatures. Colony initiation is completely inhibited by removal of a volatile factor which is absorbed by KOH in the air space of the culture flask. The fungus remains sensitive to this inhibition for 8–10 days, i.e., until shortly before visible colonies would normally have developed. While in the presence of KOH, the fungus is not killed; cultures grow normally after removal of the KOH.Although conclusive evidence must await further work, the available data strongly suggest that carbon dioxide is responsible for this effect.

scholarly journals Modelling key market impacts and land allocation for biofuel production and forestry

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
A. Korobeinikov ◽  
P. Read ◽  
A. Parshotam ◽  
J. Lermit
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Levels ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

It has been suggested that the large scale use of biofuel, that is, fuel derived from biological materials, especially in combination with reforestation of large areas, can lead to a low-cost reduction of atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. In this paper, a model of three markets: fuel, wood products, and land are considered with the aim of evaluating the impact of large scale biofuel production and forestry on these markets, and to estimate the cost of a policy aimed at the reduction of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. It is shown that the costs are lower than had been previously expected.

scholarly journals Identifying new criteria for assessing the impact on the ecosystem generated by the establishment of Jerusalem artichoke crops on difficult and floodable soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 286 ◽  
pp. 03022
Author(s):  
Florin Nenciu ◽  
Gabriel Nae ◽  
Gabriela Milian ◽  
Iulian Dumitru ◽  
Gheorghe Matei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Land Owners ◽  
Marginal Soils ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Technical Plant

Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) is a technical plant that manages to adapt very well to unfriendly environments, even in polluted or poor in nutrients soils and may serve in the near future as an important raw material for the food, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries. Furthermore, the plant is growing rapidly, producing large amounts of biomass and offers the possibility to be harvested up to 2 times a year, therefore presents a high potential to be used in the field of biofuel production. The plant's capacity to multiply easily by developing small tubers in the soil, allowing the production of economically advantageous crops, can be considered an advantage for biofuel producers, however this feature might be a drawback for agricultural land owners considering the very invasive behavior. The present paper aim to assess two Jerusalem Artichokes crops established on marginal soils, assessing productivity and the extensive impact on the ecosystem, paying a special attention to plant invasiveness tendencies.

scholarly journals Phosphatidic acid produced by phospholipase D is required for hyphal cell-cell fusion and fungal-plant symbiosis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berit Hassing ◽  
Carla J. Eaton ◽  
David Winter ◽  
Kimberly A. Green ◽  
Ulrike Brandt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phosphatidic Acid ◽  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Cell Fusion ◽  
Phospholipase D ◽  
Axenic Culture ◽  
Symbiotic Association ◽  
Symbiotic Interaction ◽  
Hyphal Morphogenesis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cell Cell

SummaryAlthough lipid signaling has been shown to serve crucial roles in mammals and plants, little is known about this process in filamentous fungi. Here we analyse the contribution of phospholipase D (PLD) and its product phosphatidic acid (PA) in hyphal morphogenesis and growth of Epichloë festucae and Neurospora crassa, and in the establishment of a symbiotic interaction between E. festucae and Lolium perenne. Growth of E. festucae and N. crassa PLD deletion strains in axenic culture, and for E. festucae in association with L. perenne, were analysed by light-, confocal- and electron microscopy. Changes in PA distribution were analysed in E. festucae using a PA biosensor and the impact of these changes on endocytic recycling and superoxide production investigated. We found that E. festucae PldB and the N. crassa ortholog, PLA-7, are required for polarized growth, cell fusion and ascospore development, whereas PldA/PLA-8 are dispensable for these functions. Exogenous addition of PA rescues the cell-fusion phenotype in E. festucae. PldB is also crucial for E. festucae to establish a symbiotic association with L. perenne. This study identifies a new component of the cell-cell communication and cell fusion signaling network that controls hyphal morphogenesis and growth in filamentous fungi.

Estimation of the water footprint of sugarcane in Mexico: is ethanol production an environmentally feasible fuel option?

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Eugenia Haro ◽  
Ines Navarro ◽  
Ralph Thompson ◽  
Blanca Jimenez
Keyword(s):  
Water Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Average Water ◽  
Projected Changes ◽  
The Impact

Energy policies are taken throughout the world to reduce fossil fuel emissions from transportation sources. Agriculturally based biofuels are currently the only alternatives to liquid fossil fuels. However, as biofuel production spreads, so too do its cascading impacts on environment and food security. This paper analyzes the impact of Mexican ethanol-sugarcane policy on water resources. The water footprint of sugarcane (WFsc) was quantified for an agricultural region in Jalisco, Mexico, and used to estimate anthropologic water demand and stress index. This analysis was performed using historical climate data, and for projected changes under scenarios A2 and B1, using ECHAM and GFDL models. The average historical water footprint of sugarcane was estimated as 104.9 m3/ton, total average water demand as 152.3 Mm3/year and a historical water scarcity index as 59%. Under climate change, the footprint might increase 2% by 2020 and 3–4% by 2050. The available water is predicted to fall 4–7% by 2020, and 6–8% by 2050, with negative effects on water stress. Due to the strong influence of local factors on water footprint and stress, additional research is needed for all Mexican sugarcane regions, in order to evaluate the feasibility of the policy regarding the use of ethanol for transportation.

scholarly journals Crude oil price variability and its impact on ethanol prices

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 394-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pokrivčák ◽  
M. Rajčaniová
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Impulse Response ◽  
Response Function ◽  
Impulse Response Function ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Oil Price Shock ◽  
Price Shock ◽  
The Impact

The world annual biofuel production has exceeded 100 billion litres in 2009. The development of the biofuel production is partly influenced by the government support programs and partly by the development of oil prices. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the statistical relationship between ethanol, gasoline and crude oil prices. We aim to check the correlation among these variables and to analyze the strength and direction of a possible linear relationship among the variables. We are interested in analyzing how each variable is related to another, so we evaluate the inter-relationship among the variables in the Vector Autoregression (VAR) and the Impulse Response Function (IRF). In order to achieve our goal, we first collected weekly data for each variable from January, 2000 to October, 2009. The results provide evidence of the cointegration relationship between oil and gasoline prices, but no cointegration between ethanol, gasoline and ethanol, oil prices. As a result, we used a VAR model on first differences. After running the Impulse Response Function, we found out that the impact of the oil price shock on the other variables is considerable larger than vice versa. The largest impact of oil price shock was observed on the price of gasoline.  

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