Does Sexual and Emotional Behavior Differ Between Sexual Partners That Do Not Disclose HIV Status?

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 407-411
Author(s):  
Layze Braz de Oliveira ◽  
Artur Acelino Francisco Luz Nunes Queiroz ◽  
Adélia Dalva da Silva Oliveira ◽  
Isabela Maria Magalhães Sales ◽  
Inara Viviane de Oliveira sena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Emotional Behavior ◽  
Affective Behavior ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Sexual Partners ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Serological Status ◽  
Assistance Service

Objective: The objective of the study was to analyze whether the disclosure of HIV serological status among sexual partners is associated with differences in sexual affective behavior. Methods: Cross-sectional study was carried out with 173 participants in a specialized assistance service on the treatment of people with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Data were collected through interviews. Results: Our results show that from the participants who did not disclose their HIV status and who were sexually active, most had multiple sexual partners (44.6%), used combined methods of prevention (75.4%), had casual partners (63.0%), used condoms (66.2%), and had sexual intercourse while under the influence of alcohol (56.9%). The variables i.e., number of partners (p = 0.010) and type of relationship (p <0.001) showed statistical differences. Conclusion: Sexual affective behavior variables influenced the decision about disclosing HIV seropositivity to sexual partners that establish different forms of sexual partnerships.

scholarly journals High HIV prevalence and associated factors in a remote community in the Rwenzori region of Western Uganda

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Rubaihayo ◽  
Akib Surat ◽  
Mughusu Ezekiel ◽  
Abaasa Andrew
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Community Perceptions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Sexual Partners ◽  
Western Uganda

In Uganda, previous studies have shown a tremendous decline in HIV prevalence over the past two decades due to changes in sexual behavior with a greater awareness of the risks involved. However, studies in Fort-Portal municipality, a rural town in Western Uganda, continued to show a persistent high HIV prevalence despite the various interventions in place. We conducted a study to establish the current magnitude of HIV prevalence and the factors associated with HIV prevalence in this community. This cross-sectional study was conducted between July and November 2008. Participants were residents of Fort-Portal municipality aged 15-49 years. A population-based HIV sero-survey and a clinical review of prevention of mother to child HIV transmission (PMTCT) and voluntary counseling and HIV Testing (VCT) records were used to collect quantitative data. An inteviewer administered structured questionnaire was used to collect qualitative data on social deographics, risk behaviour and community perceptions. Focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews provided supplementary data on community perceptions. Logistic regression was used in the analysis. The overall HIV prevalence in the general population was 16.1% [95% CI; 12.5-20.6]. Prevalence was lower among women (14.5%; 95% CI; 10.0-19.7) but not significantly different from that among men (18.7%; 95% CI; 12.5-26.3) (c2=0.76, P=0.38). Having more than 2 sexual partners increased the odds of HIV by almost 2.5 times. None or low education and age over 35 years were independently associated with HIV prevalence (P<0.05). Most participants attributed the high HIV prevalence to promiscuity/multiple sexual partners (32.5%), followed by prostitution (13.6%), alcoholism (10.1%), carelessness (10.1%), poverty (9.7%), ignorance (9.5%)), rape (4.7%), drug abuse (3.6%) and others (malice/malevolence, laziness, etc.) (6.2%). Although there was a slight decline compared to previous reports, the results from this study confirm that HIV prevalence is still high in this community. In order to prevent new infections, the factors mentioned above need to be addressed, and we recommend that education aimed at changing individual behavior should be intensified in this community.

scholarly journals Vulnerability of women living with HIV/aids

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marli Teresinha Cassamassimo Duarte ◽  
Cristina Maria Garcia de Lima Parada ◽  
Lenice do Rosário de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Sexual Partners ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
Serological Status ◽  
Specialized Service ◽  
Gynecological Care ◽  
Living With Hiv

OBJECTIVE: outline the profile of women living with the human immunodeficiency virus/aids in interior cities in São Paulo State, in the attempt to identify characteristics related to individual, social and programmatic vulnerability and to analyze the conditions in which they discovered their serological status. METHOD: between October 2008 and December 2010, a cross-sectional study was undertaken with 184 women attended at a specialized service. The data were collected through an interview and gynecological test, including the collection of samples for the etiological diagnosis of sexually transmissible conditions. RESULTS: the women were predominantly white, between 30 and 49 years of age, lived with a partner, had a low education level, multiple sexual partners across the lifetime and unsafe sexual practices. The prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases corresponded to 87.0%. CONCLUSION: the study suggests the need to offer gynecological care in specialized services and the accomplishment of multiprofessional actions to reinforce the female autonomy in protective decision making.

scholarly journals Pilot study to introduce a notification card for partner notification of sexually transmitted infections in Catalonia, Spain, June 2010 to June 2011

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (27) ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Tuneu ◽  
X Vallès ◽  
D Carnicer-Pont ◽  
M J Barberá ◽  
P Godoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Partner Notification ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Chlamydia Infection ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Sex With Men

We conducted a cross-sectional study in 10 primary care centres in Catalonia, to determine applicability, acceptability and effectiveness of partner notification cards used by patients diagnosed of a sexually transmitted infection (STI) and to characterise these and their sexual partners. Statutorily notifiable STIs included Chlamydia infection, gonorrhoea, syphilis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or other STIs as deemed necessary by the treating physician. Between June 2010 and June 2011, 219 index cases were enrolled, of whom 130 were men (59.4%), 71 of them men who have sex with men (54.6%). Chlamydia infection (41.1%), gonorrhoea (17.8%) and syphilis (16.0%) were the STIs most frequently diagnosed. HIV infection accounted for 4% of cases. A total of 687 sexual partners were reported, and 300 of these were traceable through the notification card (45.7%). Those who did not report traceable contacts were older (mean age: 34 years versus 31 years, p=0.03). The main reason for not distributing the card was anonymous sexual intercourse (38%). Patient referral notification cards can reach a high percentage of sexual partners at risk. However, only few notified sexual partners attended participating health centres. Internet-based partner notification may be considered in order to reach those partners not otherwise traceable.

scholarly journals Influence of parents’ and caregivers’ characteristics on the outcomes of antiretroviral treatment in Ugandan children

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ntambwe Malangu
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Survival Outcomes ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Parents And Caregivers

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there was an association between characteristics of parents and caregivers, and the outcomes of antiretroviral treatment in children younger than 6 years treated at Mildmay Centre in Uganda. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study based on the review of records. The records of children treated from January 2000 to July 2005 were included in the analysis as part of a larger study. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used in the analysis of data.Results: Of the 179 children, 57.3% were male, 53.4% were 4–5 years, and their median age was 4 years. The majority of children were cared for, in descending order, by their mothers, aunts, grandmothers, and fathers. Whilst 16.0% were orphans of both parents, 56.9% had one of their parents still alive. With regard to outcomes of antiretroviral treatment, it was found that a CD4 count of less than 15% was the most significant predictor of death, when treatment was initiated only at that late stage. When the influence of caregivers’ and parents’ characteristics on the outcomes of treatment were considered, the only factor that was associated significantly with clinical improvement was the ‘father’s unknown human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status’. The data show that when the father was alive, as well as when both parents were alive, the children had a better chance of survival.Conclusion: The nature of the relationship between caregivers and children on antiretroviral treatment, as well as the HIV and living status of their parents seem to have little positive influence on the clinical, immunological, and survival outcomes of the children on treatment. More studies are needed to investigate other characteristics and relationships that may influence the outcomes of treatment.

Disclosure of HIV status to sexual partners among perinatally HIV–infected youth in Thailand

2021 ◽  
pp. 095646242096840
Author(s):  
Vitharon Boon-yasidhi ◽  
Sumonmal Torsakul ◽  
Yuitiang Durier ◽  
Napat Sittanomai ◽  
Jeeranan Kuntasorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Hiv Disclosure ◽  
Pediatric Hiv ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Unsafe Sex ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fear Of Rejection ◽  
Hiv Status Disclosure

Data regarding disclosure of HIV status to sexual partners among perinatally acquired HIV-infected (PHIV) youth are limited, particularly from Asian countries. This cross-sectional study assessed the patterns of, attitudes about, and factors associated with HIV disclosure to sexual partners among PHIV youth aged 15–24 years who attended a pediatric HIV clinic in Thailand. Participants were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire designed to elicit demographic and sexual behavior information. Those who had sexual partners were queried about their relationship and HIV status disclosure. Reasons to disclose or not to disclose were assessed accordingly. Among the 51 (44.4%) youth who had sexual partners, 55.8% had steady partners, 45.1% did not always use condoms, and 41.2% disclosed their HIV status. Reasons to disclose included trust and concern about the risk of infection to their partners. Reasons not to disclose included fear of rejection and stigmatization, and not knowing how to disclose. Most youth reported a need for disclosure-related guidance. Knowing their sexual partner’s HIV status was the only independent factor associated with disclosure (aOR 14.6; 95% CI 2.8–75.4). This study demonstrates a high rate of unsafe sex and a low rate of partner disclosure in PHIV youth, and highlights the need for a comprehensive guideline for HIV disclosure to sexual partners.

scholarly journals HIV-positive status disclosure to a sexual partner and associated factors among HIV-positive pregnant women attending antenatal care in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0250637
Author(s):  
Mulusew Ambissa ◽  
Endalew Gemechu Sendo ◽  
Yeshi Assefa ◽  
Alemu Guta
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sexual Partner ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Status Disclosure

Introduction Pregnant women who disclose their HIV-positive status to their sexual partners have played an important role in reducing the risk of HIV/AIDS transmission to the baby during the antepartum, intrapartum, and postnatal periods. Studies are limited in the current study area in a similar arena. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the proportion of HIV-positive status disclosure and its associated factors among pregnant women. Methods A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 156 HIV-positive pregnant women in Dire Dawa administrative from March 12th to May 10th, 2020. Data were generated using a pretested structured questionnaire through face-to-face interviews. Binary logistic regression analysis was employed to identify the predictor variables associated with the disclosure of HIV-positive status among pregnant women to their sexual partners. Finally, the adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals at P-value< 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Of the total, 135 (86.5%) of HIV-positive pregnant women disclosed their HIV status to their sexual partner. Christian followers (both Orthodox and Protestant) [AOR = 8.8, 95% CI: 2.3. 34] more likely to disclose HIV status to their sexual partner than those Muslims. Those participants who started practicing safer sex [AOR = 17.6, 95% CI: 4–77] and those women who had a smooth relationship before the HIV disclosure were [AOR = 14.7, 95% CI: 3–68.6] more likely to disclose HIV status to their sexual partner than their counterparts, respectively. Conclusions The proportion of HIV serostatus disclosure by HIV-positive pregnant women attending antenatal care services to their sexual partners was encouraging. However, this does not mean that there is no need for further awareness and intervention. Hence, interventions to boost and support women in safely disclosing their HIV-positive status are needed.

scholarly journals The care provided to the sexual partners of people living with the human immunodeficiency virus

Rev Rene ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. e43567
Author(s):  
Layze Braz de Oliveira ◽  
Christefany Régia Braz Costa ◽  
Inara Viviane de Oliveira Sena ◽  
Paulo de Tarso Moura Borges ◽  
Telma Maria Evangelista de Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Sexual Practices ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Chi Square Test

Objective: to analyze the care provided to sexual partners of people living with the human immunodeficiency virus. Methods: cross-sectional study with 173 participants, carried out in a service specialized in the treatment of people with the human immunodeficiency virus, submitted to a statistical analysis (chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test). Results: having the partner invited to attend the health service (p<0.001), receiving guidance on prevention in the health service (p<0.001), and being seen at the specialized service as a couple for counseling on sexual practices and preventive strategies (p<0.001) showed statistical differences. Conclusion: there are gaps in the care provided to sexual partners on strategies for preventing infection by the human immunodeficiency virus.

scholarly journals Correlation of Capute Scores with CD4 Count among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected Children in Sanglah Hospital, Bali, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (B) ◽  
pp. 45-48
Author(s):  
I. Nyoman Supadma ◽  
Putu Indah Budiapsari ◽  
Ketut Dewi Kumara Wati ◽  
I. Wayan Dharma Artana
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cd4 Count ◽  
Language Function ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adaptive Test ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

BACKGROUND: Cognitive, motoric, and language development in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected child is an important issue that affects developmental milestone and quality of life. The effect of HIV infection on cognitive function must be detected early to prevent delayed cognitive, motoric, and language function. AIM: This study aimed to assess the correlation of cognitive scores with CD4 count among HIV-infected children in pediatrics polyclinic Sanglah Hospital, Bali. METHODS: This cross-sectional study recruited 68 HIV-infected children age 0–36 months old as participants. Cognitive score was assessed using Cognitive Adaptive Test/Clinical Linguistic and Auditory Milestone Scale (CAT/CLAMS) scores and HIV status, and CD4 count was obtained from the medical record. RESULTS: The result showed that mean of CD4 count among subject was 29.85 cells/mm3, there was positive correlation between CAT scores with CD4 count (r = 0.33, p = 0.006) and also between CLAMS scores with CD4 count (r = 0.307, p = 0.01). CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that CD4 count correlated with Capute scores on HIV-infected children.

Distribution and Characteristics of Intrathoracic Lymphadenopathy in TB/HIV Co-Infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-420
Author(s):  
Payam Mehrian ◽  
Abtin Doroudinia ◽  
Moghadaseh Shams ◽  
Niloufar Alizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Short Axis ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Nodes ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hilar Adenopathy ◽  
The Right ◽  
Pulmonary Abnormalities

Background: Intrathoracic Lymphadenopathy (ITLN) in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected patients may have various etiologies and prognoses. Etiologies of ITLN can be distinguished based on the distribution of enlarged lymph nodes. Sometimes tuberculosis (TB) is the first sign of underlying HIV infection. Objective: We sought to determine ITLN distribution and associated pulmonary findings in TB/HIV co-infection using Computed Tomography (CT) scan. Methods: In this retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study, chest CT scans of 52 patients with TB/HIV co-infection were assessed for enlarged intrathoracic lymph nodes (>10 mm in short axis diameter), lymphadenopathy (LAP) distribution, calcification, conglomeration, the presence of hypodense center and associated pulmonary abnormalities. LAP distribution was compared in TB/HIV co-infection with isolated TB infection. Results: Mediastinal and/or hilar LAP were seen in 53.8% of TB/HIV co-infection patients. In all cases, LAP was multinational. The most frequent stations were right lower paratracheal and subcarinal stations. Lymph node conglomeration, hypodense center and calcification were noted in 25%, 21.4% and 3.5% of patients, respectively. LAP distribution was the same as that in patients with isolated TB infection except for the right hilar, right upper paratracheal and prevascular stations. All patients with mediastinal and/or hilar adenopathy had associated pulmonary abnormalities. Conclusion: All patients with TB/HIV co-infection and mediastinal and/or hilar adenopathy had associated pulmonary abnormalities. Superior mediastinal lymph nodes were less commonly affected in TB/HIV co-infection than isolated TB.

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