Potential of Radiolabeled PSMA PET/CT or PET/MRI Diagnostic Procedures in Gliomas/Glioblastomas

Background: Radiolabeled prostate-specific membrane antigen PSMA-based PET/CT or PET/MRI is a whole-body imaging technique currently performed for the detection of prostate cancer lesions. PSMA has been also demonstrated to be expressed by the neovasculature of many other solid tumors. Objective: The aim of this review is to evaluate the possible diagnostic role of radiolabeled PSMA PET/CT or PET/MRI in patients with gliomas and glioblastomas, by summarizing the available literature data. Methods: A comprehensive literature search of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase and Cochrane library databases was conducted to find relevant published articles about the diagnostic performance of radiolabeled PSMA binding agents in PET/CT or PET/MRI imaging of patients with suspected gliomas or glioblastomas. Results: Seven case reports or case series and 3 studies enrolling more than 10 patients showed that gliomas and glioblastoma are PSMA-avid tumors. Conclusion: Radiolabeled PSMA imaging seems to be useful in analyzing glioma/glioblastoma. Further studies enrolling a wider population are needed to clarify the real clinical and diagnostic role of radiolabeled PSMA in this setting and its possible position in the diagnostic flow-chart.

Download Full-text

Radiolabelled PSMA PET/CT or PET/MRI in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): a systematic review

Clinical and Translational Imaging ◽

10.1007/s40336-020-00396-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 461-467

Author(s):

Francesco Dondi ◽

Domenico Albano ◽

Elisabetta Cerudelli ◽

Maria Gazzilli ◽

Raffaele Giubbini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Case Reports ◽

Whole Body ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Whole Body Imaging ◽

Mri Imaging ◽

Psma Pet ◽

Pet Ct ◽

Diagnostic Role

Abstract Introduction Radiolabelled prostate-specific membrane antigen PSMA-based PET/CT or PET/MRI is a whole-body imaging technique usually performed for the detection of prostate cancer lesions. PSMA has been also demonstrated to be expressed by the neovasculature of many other solid tumors. The aim of this review is to evaluate the possible diagnostic role of radiolabelled PSMA PET/CT or PET/MRI in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, by summarizing the available literature data. Methods A wide literature search of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase and Cochrane library databases was made to find relevant published articles about the diagnostic performance of radiolabelled PSMA binding agents in PET/CT or PET/MRI imaging of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Results Ten case reports and three studies showed that hepatocellular carcinoma is PSMA-avid. Conclusion Radiolabelled PSMA imaging seems to be useful in analyzing hepatocellular carcinoma. Further studies enrolling a wider population are needed to clarify the real clinical and diagnostic role of radiolabelled PSMA in this setting.

Download Full-text

CURRENT THERAPEUTIC OPTIONS FOR CORONAVIRUS DISEASE-2019 – A PHARMACOLOGICAL REVIEW

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2020.v13i8.38342 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 42-50

Author(s):

SASMI MB ◽

MARIA JOSE ◽

PRAVEENLAL KUTTICHIRA

Keyword(s):

Case Reports ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Case Series ◽

Standard Of Care ◽

Therapeutic Options ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Global Public Health ◽

Medical Subject Headings ◽

Published Evidence

Objectives: Coronavirus pandemic is currently a global public health emergency. With expanding knowledge of the virus and the disease, new therapeutic targets are emerging widely. There is limited evidence about the use of different treatment options in coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). This review aims to summarize the available evidence regarding therapeutic options in treating coronavirus infection. Methods: We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane library using pre-specified Medical Subject Headings terms about the role of therapeutic options in COVID-19 patients. Results: The majority of the published evidence is either case reports or small observational studies. Antimalarial like hydroxychloroquine reported equivocal results with five studies got positive results and five without any added benefit compared with standard of care. Lopinavir/ ritonavir monotherapy does not show any significant role except in combination with other antiviral drugs but encouraging results are emerging with remdesivir. Studies with favipiravir are inconclusive with some exhibit benefit and others not. Limited case series have shown that tocilizumab and convalescent plasma to be useful as adjuvant therapy in critically ill patients. Conclusion: There is currently no strong evidence for the efficacy of different therapeutic agents in the treatment of COVID-19. More data from ongoing and future trials will add more insight into the role of various drugs.

Download Full-text

The Diagnostic Role of 18F-Choline, 18F-Fluciclovine and 18F-PSMA PET/CT in the Detection of Prostate Cancer With Biochemical Recurrence: A Meta-Analysis

Frontiers in Oncology ◽

10.3389/fonc.2021.684629 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Rang Wang ◽

Guohua Shen ◽

Mingxing Huang ◽

Rong Tian

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Biochemical Recurrence ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Detection Rates ◽

Psma Pet ◽

Pet Ct ◽

Diagnostic Role ◽

Sensitivity Specificity

BackgroundDiagnosing the biochemical recurrence (BCR) of prostate cancer (PCa) is a clinical challenge, and early detection of BCR can help patients receive optimal treatment. We conducted a meta-analysis to define the diagnostic accuracy of PET/CT using 18F-labeled choline, fluciclovine, and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) in patients with BCR.MethodsMultiple databases were searched until March 30, 2021. We included studies investigating the diagnostic accuracy of 18F-choline, 18F-fluciclovine, and 18F-PSMA PET/CT in patients with BCR. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and detection rate of 18F-labeled tracers were calculated with a random-effects model.ResultsA total of 46 studies met the included criteria; 17, 16, and 13 studies focused on 18F-choline, fluciclovine, and PSMA, respectively. The pooled sensitivities of 18F-choline and 18F-fluciclovine were 0.93 (95% CI, 0.85–0.98) and 0.80 (95% CI, 0.65–0.897), and the specificities were 0.91 (95% CI, 0.73–0.97) and 0.66 (95% CI, 0.50–0.79), respectively. The pooled detection rates of 18F-labeled choline, fluciclovine and PSMA were 66, 74, and 83%, respectively. Moreover, the detection rates of 18F-labeled choline, fluciclovine, and PSMA were 35, 23, and 58% for a PSA level less than 0.5 ng/ml; 41, 46, and 75% for a PSA level of 0.5–0.99 ng/ml; 62, 57, and 86% for a PSA level of 1.0–1.99 ng/ml; 80, 92, and 94% for a PSA level more than 2.0 ng/ml.ConclusionThese three 18F-labeled tracers are promising for detecting BCR in prostate cancer patients, with 18F-choline showing superior diagnostic accuracy. In addition, the much higher detection rates of 18F-PSMA showed its superiority over other tracers, particularly in low PSA levels.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO, identifier CRD42020212531.

Download Full-text

The emerging role of laparoscopic nephrectomy in the operative management of renal trauma: is less really more?

International Surgery Journal ◽

10.18203/2349-2902.isj20212722 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 2140

Author(s):

Akram A. Bokhari ◽

Jared McDowall ◽

Zakiyah Gaibie ◽

Sunil Sinha ◽

Maeyane S. Moeng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Reviews ◽

Case Reports ◽

Case Series ◽

Laparoscopic Nephrectomy ◽

Renal Trauma ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Trauma Patients ◽

Renal Surgery ◽

Select Group

The role of laparoscopic nephrectomy (LN) is well established in the operative armamentarium of renal surgery and has also extended to the resection of benign and malignant renal neoplasms. Despite growing evidence advocating conservative management of renal trauma, the role of LN in the management of renal trauma is not well defined. Thus, a systematic review was conducted to better define the role of LN in the subgroup of renal trauma patients requiring operative nephrectomy. In accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was performed (March 2020), using the following databases: Cochrane library of systematic reviews, EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, and web of science. Included studies were further assessed for relevance and quality using the Oxford 2010 critical appraisal skills program (CASP). A total of 620 studies were identified, non-relevant and non-English articles were excluded which resulted in 4 relevant articles being included. Due to a relative lack of data, case reports and case series were also included. The role of LN is a viable option in a select group of cases when operative intervention is already planned for advanced renal injury. The special considerations and relative contraindications to laparoscopy must be adhered to when selecting this modality in the setting of renal trauma. Future prospective studies are required to better define this relationship.

Download Full-text

Total Ankle Replacement in Hemophilia

Cardiovascular & Haematological Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871529x19666191210110626 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 88-92

Author(s):

Emerito C. Rodriguez-Merchan

Keyword(s):

Adverse Events ◽

Daily Living ◽

Case Reports ◽

Case Series ◽

Total Ankle Replacement ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Hemophilic Arthropathy ◽

Accessible Information ◽

Ankle Replacement

Introduction: Severe ankle hemophilic arthropathy can be a calamitous sign of severe hemophilia with important inferences for activities of daily living. Aims: To summarize the contemporary, accessible information on Total Ankle Replacement (TAR) for ankle hemophilic arthropathy. Methods: A search of Cochrane Library and PubMed (MEDLINE) regarding the role of TAR in ankle hemophilic arthropathy. Results: The insufficient information regarding the results of TAR for hemophilic arthropathy is confined to scanty case series and case reports. An evaluation of the accessible literature reveals encouraging but inconstant outcomes. The reported rate of adverse events is 33%. The reported anticipated survival of TAR is 94% at 5 years, 85% at 10 years and 70% at 15 years. Conclusion: Whereas people with advanced hemophilic arthropathy of the ankle are prone to ameliorate pain and range of motion following TAR, there is deficient knowledge to regularly recommend its use. Adverse events and infection percentages are disturbing. Moreover, the lack of survival analysis knowledge makes it difficult to assess the benefit to people with hemophilia. TAR is a demanding surgical procedure and its survival is not comparable to that after hip or knee replacement.

Download Full-text

Myeloma bone and extra-medullary disease: Role of PET/CT and other whole-body imaging techniques

Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology ◽

10.1016/j.critrevonc.2016.03.006 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 101 ◽

pp. 169-183 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Giuseppe Rubini ◽

Artor Niccoli-Asabella ◽

Cristina Ferrari ◽

Vito Racanelli ◽

Nicola Maggialetti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Imaging Techniques ◽

Whole Body ◽

Whole Body Imaging ◽

Body Imaging ◽

Pet Ct

Download Full-text

Diagnostic Role of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in Prostate Cancer Staging: A Systematic Review

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics11030552 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 552

Author(s):

Salam Awenat ◽

Arnoldo Piccardo ◽

Patricia Carvoeiras ◽

Giovanni Signore ◽

Luca Giovanella ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Metastatic Disease ◽

Cancer Staging ◽

Relevant Information ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Pet Ct

Background: The use of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted agents for staging prostate cancer (PCa) patients using positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is increasing worldwide. We performed a systematic review on the role of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in PCa staging to provide evidence-based data in this setting. Methods: A comprehensive computer literature search of PubMed/MEDLINE and Cochrane Library databases for studies using 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in PCa staging was performed until 31 December 2020. Eligible articles were selected and relevant information was extracted from the original articles by two authors independently. Results: Eight articles (369 patients) evaluating the role of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in PCa staging were selected. These studies were quite heterogeneous, but, overall, they demonstrated a good diagnostic accuracy of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in detecting PCa lesions at staging. Overall, higher primary PCa aggressiveness was associated with higher 18F-PSMA-1007 uptake. When compared with other radiological and scintigraphic imaging methods, 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT had superior sensitivity in detecting metastatic disease and the highest inter-reader agreement. 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT showed similar results in terms of diagnostic accuracy for PCa staging compared with PET/CT with other PSMA-targeted tracers. Dual imaging with multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging and 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT may improve staging of primary PCa. Notably, 18F-PSMA-1007-PET/CT may detect metastatic disease in a significant number of patients with negative standard imaging. Conclusions: 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT demonstrated a good accuracy in PCa staging, with similar results compared with other PSMA-targeted radiopharmaceuticals. This method could substitute bone scintigraphy and conventional abdominal imaging for PCa staging. Prospective multicentric studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Download Full-text

Neurological manifestations and neuroimaging findings in patients with SARS-CoV2—a systematic review

The Egyptian Journal of Neurology Psychiatry and Neurosurgery ◽

10.1186/s41983-021-00322-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Nikita Mohan ◽

Muhammad Ali Fayyaz ◽

Christopher del Rio ◽

Navpreet Kaur Rajinder Singh Khurana ◽

Sampada Sandip Vaidya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neurological Diseases ◽

Case Reports ◽

Healthcare Providers ◽

Case Series ◽

Altered Mental Status ◽

Common Finding ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Neurological Manifestations ◽

The Cochrane Library ◽

Ct And Mri

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically affected everyone in a hit or miss manner. Since it began, evidence of the neuro-invasive potential of the virus has been intensifying significantly. Several pathways have been hypothesized to elucidate the neurotropic nature of SARS-CoV2. It is the need of the hour to collect vital information. Objective To evaluate and correlate the neuro-radiological and neurological manifestations in patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV2. To identify neuro-invasive pathways of COVID infection. Methods Relevant studies were identified through four databases—the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science. These were searched using relevant keywords—“COVID-19,” “SARS-CoV2,” “neurological manifestations,” “neuroimaging,” “CT,” and “MRI.” Relevant articles were screened according to a pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria from December 2019 to August 2020. Results Our review included a total of 63 full text publications with 584 patients, composed mainly of observational studies, case reports, and case series. The most common neurological manifestations associated with COVID-19 were altered mental status, stroke, and paralysis. About 17.85% patients who underwent neuroimaging were found to be having ischemic changes suggestive of a stroke. This was followed by hemorrhagic changes as the second most common finding. The most commonly involved vessel was the Middle Cerebral Artery. Besides stroke, we found that SARS-CoV2 could be the cause for new-onset seizures, Guillain-Barre Syndrome, encephalitis, and many other severe neurological diseases. Conclusion The information that we have obtained so far will prove dynamic to healthcare providers working against the COVID-19 pandemic. It is necessary to be aware of these atypical neurological findings for the early diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 infected patients. However, to completely understand the connection between SARS-CoV2 and the nervous system, further research is necessary.

Download Full-text

Diagnostic challenges in neoplastic meningitis presenting as intracranial hypertension

BMJ Case Reports ◽

10.1136/bcr-2020-238808 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. e238808

Author(s):

Santosh Sriram Andugulapati ◽

Akash Chheda ◽

Karan Desai ◽

Sangeeta Hasmukh Ravat

Keyword(s):

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Intracranial Hypertension ◽

Neoplastic Meningitis ◽

Whole Body ◽

Csf Cytology ◽

Csf Analysis ◽

Pet Ct ◽

Pet Ct Scan ◽

Systemic Malignancy

A diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial hypertension should be considered only after careful exclusion of all possible aetiologies. We report a case of neoplastic meningitis presenting as intracranial hypertension with inconclusive repeated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology and MRI of brain, emphasising the importance of meticulous CSF analysis and role of early whole-body PET–CT scan for diagnosis of systemic malignancy.

Download Full-text