An Optimized Process for the Preparation of Aqueous Ferric Carboxymaltose: Synthesis and Structural Characterization

2021 ◽  
Vol 09 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozra Tabasi ◽  
Mahdi Roohi Razlighi ◽  
Mohammad Ali Darbandi
Keyword(s):  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Ferric Hydroxide ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Intravenous Iron ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Ferric Carboxymaltose ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Iron Oxyhydroxide

Background: Ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) formulation consists of iron–carbohydrate nanoparticles that iron– oxyhydroxide as a core is covered by carbohydrate shell. The present work provides an improved synthesis process of FCM as an intravenous iron active pharmaceutical ingredient. Methods: Water soluble FCM complex was prepared from the reaction of ferric hydroxide precipitation with an aqueous solution of oxidized maltodextrin (MD) at optimum temperature and pH conditions. A systematic approach was followed to obtain the optimal weight ratio of the maltodextrin/ferric chloride for FCM synthesis process with suitable-sized nanoparticles. Physical characterization of new synthesized ferric carboxymaltose (FCM-NP) was performed and established its equivalency with the reference product (Ferinject). Results: The size distribution of the whole nanoparticles determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) was in the range of 15-40 nm with the average particle size 26 ± 6.6 and 25.8 ± 4.9 for FCM-NP and Ferinject, respectively. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results of FCM-NP and Ferinject indicated the Akaganeite structure of iron-oxyhydroxide. The iron content of particles (cores) measured by Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) was almost equal for two formulations. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of Ferinject and FCM-NP were approximately similar. Conclusion: Various analytical methods including FTIR spectroscopy, XRD analysis, DLS technique, TEM, and AAS were employed. It was observed that the specifications of FCM-NP obtained by these analyses, were almost identical to those of Ferinject. Accordingly, the two formulations were considered comparable.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Nanostructures of CuO/Cu2O Fabricated via Potentiostatic and Galvanostatic Anodization

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
S. Mary Margaret ◽  
Albin John P. Paul Winston ◽  
S. Muthupandi ◽  
P. Shobha ◽  
P. Sagayaraj
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Aqueous Electrolyte ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Molecular Vibration ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Good Crystallinity ◽  
Cu Foil

A detailed comparative study on the synthesis process of coral-like CuO/Cu2O nanorods (NRs) and nanopolycrystals (NPCs) fabricated on Cu foil employing aqueous electrolyte via potentiostatic (POT) and galvanostatic (GAL) modes is discussed. The structural, morphological, thermal, compositional, and molecular vibration of the prepared CuO/Cu2O nanostructures was characterized by XRD, HRSEM, TG/DTA, FTIR, and EDX techniques. XRD analysis confirmed the crystalline phase of the formation of monoclinic CuO and cubic Cu2O nanostructures with well-defined morphology. The average particle size was found to be 21.52 nm and 26.59 nm for NRs (POT) and NPCs (GAL), respectively, and this result is corroborated from the HRSEM analysis. POT synthesized nanoparticle depicted a higher thermal stability up to 600°C implying that the potentiostatically grown coral-like NRs exhibit a good crystallinity and well-ordered morphology.

Preparation of Nanocrystalline Ba3(Ca1.18Nb1.82)O9-δ Powder with Sol-Gel Auto-Ignition Synthesis Process

2007 ◽  
Vol 280-283 ◽  
pp. 631-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Tai Su ◽  
Qing Zhi Yan ◽  
Chang Chun Ge
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Method ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Wet Chemical Method ◽  
Solid Reaction ◽  
Reaction Method ◽  
Wet Chemical

Ba3(Ca1.18Nb1.82)O9-d (BCN18) powder was synthesized using a wet chemical method from mixtures of all water-soluble compounds including Ba, Ca and Nb-citrate. It has been found that NH4NO3 in the initial solutions plays an important role in controlling the enthalpy of low temperature combustion process as well as the gel decomposition temperature. Further steps include evaporating, drying and calcinating. The obtained gels were characterized by TG-DSC, and the powder was characterized with XRD, TEM and BET. The experimental results have indicated that the heating temperature was only 800°C for synthesizing the powder and the average particle size was only about 40-50 nm. Furthermore it was found that a pure BCN18 phase with complexperovskite structure was formed at 800°C, which was about 800°C lower than that of the traditional solid-reaction method. So it is more practical and more superior to the traditional solid-reaction method and the present wet-chemical method in alcohol salt system reported in literature.

scholarly journals A Study on Synthesis and Characterization of Dy-Doped La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ via the Coprecipitation Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Negin Mohammadi ◽  
Zahra Khakpour ◽  
Amir Maghsoudipour ◽  
Aida Faeghinia
Keyword(s):  
Phase Formation ◽  
Perovskite Phase ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Coprecipitation Method ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Powder Morphology ◽  
Before And After

The perovskite Lanthanum Strontium Cobalt Ferrite (LSCF) is investigated as the cathode material used in intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs). In the present study, La0.6−xDyxSr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ (x = 0, 0.3, 0.6) was synthesized through the coprecipitation method. The obtained precipitate was calcined at 500, 700, 900, and 1000°С. Phase characterization of the synthesized LSCF and LDySCF powder before and after heat treatment at 700°С was carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. XRD patterns revealed that the perovskite phase was obtained at 700°С in all calcined samples. Chemical bond study to investigate the synthesis process was conducted using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy technique. Thermal analysis of DTA and TG has been utilized to investigate how the calcination temperature affects the perovskite phase formation. According to the STA results, the perovskite phase formation started at 551°С and completed at 700°С. The density values of synthesized powders were 6.10, 6.11, and 6.37 g·cm−3for the undoped and doped samples calcined at 700°С. Powder morphology was studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The micrographs showed the spherical-shaped particles with the average particle size of 24–131 nm.

Micropyretic synthesis of MoSi2 powders through an aluminothermic reaction

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 2023-2028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Fu ◽  
S. Penumella ◽  
J. A. Sekhar
Keyword(s):  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Molybdenum Disilicide ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Phosphoric Acid Solution ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Powder Mixtures ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Aluminothermic Reaction

An aluminothermic reaction starting with inexpensive MoO3, SiO2, and Al powders was utilized to prepare molybdenum disilicide (MoSi2) powders by the micropyretic/combustion synthesis process and leaching. The combustion-synthesized product was porous and could readily be crushed into powders. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the product of such a reaction consisted of α–Al2O3, MoSi2, and a small amount of Mo(Si,Al)2 and Mo5Si3. The reason for the formation of Mo(Si, Al)2 phase is discussed. MoSi2 powders were obtained by leaching out the Al2O3 from the synthesized powder mixtures in boiling phosphoric acid solution. The synthesized MoSi2 powders, including a small amount of Mo(Si, Al)2 and Mo5Si3, were very fine with an average particle size of about 1 μm.

scholarly journals A study on synthesis and characterization of Dy-dopedLa0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δvia co precipitation method

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Negin Mohammadi ◽  
Zahra Khakpour ◽  
Amir Maghsoudipour ◽  
Aida Faeghinia
Keyword(s):  
Phase Formation ◽  
Perovskite Phase ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Powder Morphology ◽  
Co Precipitation

Abstract The perovskite Lanthanum Strontium Cobalt Ferrite (LSCF) is investigated as the cathode material used in intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs). In the present study, La0.6-xDyxSr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ(x= 0, 0.3, 0.6) was synthesized through co precipitation method. The obtained precipitate was calcined at500, 700,900and 1000°С. Phase characterization of synthesized LSCF and LDySCF powder before and after heat treatment at 700°Сwas carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. XRD patterns revealed that the perovskite phase was obtained at 700 °С in all calcined samples. Chemical bond study to investigate synthesis process was done using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy technique. Thermalanalysis of DTA and TG has been utilized to investigate how the calcination temperature affects the peroveskite phase formation. According to the STA results, the perovskite phase formation started at 551°Сafterwarditcompleted at 700°С.The density values of synthesized powders were 6.10, 6.11 and 6.37g.cm-3for the undoped and doped samples calcined at 700°С. Powder morphology was studied by Field emission scanning electron microscopy. (FE-SEM) micrographs showed the spherical shaped particles with the average particle size of 24-131nm.

scholarly journals Green synthesis: Proposed mechanism and factors influencing the synthesis of platinum nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 386-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmood S. Jameel ◽  
Azlan Abdul Aziz ◽  
Mohammed Ali Dheyab
Keyword(s):  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Platinum Nanoparticles ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Average Particle

AbstractPlatinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) have attracted interest in catalysis and biomedical applications due to their unique structural, optical, and catalytic properties. However, the conventional synthesis of Pt NPs using the chemical and physical methods is constrained by the use of harmful and costly chemicals, intricate preparation requirement, and high energy utilization. Hence, this review emphasizes on the green synthesis of Pt NPs using plant extracts as an alternative approach due to its simplicity, convenience, inexpensiveness, easy scalability, low energy requirement, environmental friendliness, and minimum usage of hazardous materials and maximized efficiency of the synthesis process. The underlying complex processes that cover the green synthesis (biosynthesis) of Pt NPs were reviewed. This review affirms the effects of different critical parameters (pH, reaction temperature, reaction time, and biomass dosage) on the size and shape of the synthesized Pt NPs. For instance, the average particle size of Pt NPs was reported to decrease with increasing pH, reaction temperature, and concentration of plant extract.

scholarly journals High-Temperature Synthesis of Metal–Matrix Composites (Ni-Ti)-TiB2

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2426
Author(s):  
Vladimir Promakhov ◽  
Alexey Matveev ◽  
Nikita Schulz ◽  
Mikhail Grigoriev ◽  
Andrey Olisov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Metal Matrix Composite ◽  
Matrix Composite ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Temperature Synthesis ◽  
High Temperature Synthesis

Currently, metal–matrix composite materials are some of the most promising types of materials, and they combine the advantages of a metal matrix and reinforcing particles/fibres. Within the framework of this article, the high-temperature synthesis of metal–matrix composite materials based on the (Ni-Ti)-TiB2 system was studied. The selected approaches make it possible to obtain composite materials of various compositions without contamination and with a high degree of energy efficiency during production processes. Combustion processes in the samples of a 63.5 wt.% NiB + 36.5 wt.% Ti mixture and the phase composition and structure of the synthesis products were researched. It has been established that the synthesis process in the samples proceeds via the spin combustion mechanism. It has been shown that self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) powder particles have a composite structure and consist of a Ni-Ti matrix and TiB2 reinforcement inclusions that are uniformly distributed inside it. The inclusion size lies in the range between 0.1 and 4 µm, and the average particle size is 0.57 µm. The obtained metal-matrix composite materials can be used in additive manufacturing technologies as ligatures for heat-resistant alloys, as well as for the synthesis of composites using traditional methods of powder metallurgy.

scholarly journals Polymer Binders of Ceramic Nanoparticles for Precision Casting of Nickel-Based Superalloys

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1714
Author(s):  
Paweł Wiśniewski
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Ethyl Silicate ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Precision Casting ◽  
Polymer Binders ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Nano Alumina ◽  
Solid Phase Content

This study presents the general characteristics of binders used in precision casting of Nickel-based superalloys. Three groups of binders were described: resins, organic compounds, and materials containing nanoparticles in alcohol or aqueous systems. This study also includes literature reports on materials commonly used and those recently replaced by water-soluble binders, i.e., ethyl silicate (ES) and hydrolysed ethyl silicate (HES). The appearance of new and interesting solutions containing nano-alumina is described, as well as other solutions at the initial stage of scientific research, such as those containing biopolymers, biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL), or modified starch. Special attention is paid to four binders containing nano-SiO2 intended for the first layers (Ludox AM, Ludox SK) and structural layers (EHT, Remasol) of shell moulds. Their morphology, viscosity, density, reactions, and electrokinetic potential were investigated. The binders were characterized by a high solid-phase content (>28%), viscosity, and density close to that of water (1–2 mPa·s) and good electrokinetic stability. The nanoparticles contained in the binders were approximately spherically shaped with an average particle size of 16–25 nm.

Synthesis of Cu Loaded TiO2 Nanoparticles for the Improved Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (05n06) ◽  
pp. 1660002 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kavitha ◽  
P. S. Ramesh ◽  
D. Geetha
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Bandgap Energy ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Titanium Tetraisopropoxide ◽  
Photoexcited Electron

Copper doped Titanium dioxide TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by sol–gel method using titanium tetraisopropoxide and copper sulfate as precursors. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Photoluminesce spectroscopy (PL) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). XRD analysis confirms the formation of anatase titanium dioxide and average particle size was 35[Formula: see text]nm. Cu– TiO2 exhibits a shift in the absorption edge toward visible spectrum. The rate of recombination and transfer behavior of the photoexcited electron–hole pairs in the semiconductors was recorded by photoluminescence. From SEM spherical shaped nanoparticles was observed. Comparing with pure TiO2 nanoparticles, Cu doped TiO2 photocatalyst exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activity under natural sunlight irradiation in the decomposition of rhodamine B aqueous solution. The maximum 97% of degradation efficiency of Rhodamine B was observed at 0.6% Cu–TiO2 within 180[Formula: see text]min. The photocatalytic efficiency of Rhodamine B of Cu doped TiO2 nanoparticle was higher than the pure TiO2, which could be attributed to the small crystallinity intense light absorption in Sunlight and narrow bandgap energy of Copper.

Synthesis and Characterization of Water-Soluble Monolayer-Protected Gold Nanoparticles

2011 ◽  
Vol 415-417 ◽  
pp. 617-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Su ◽  
Ying Yun Lin ◽  
Yu Li Fu ◽  
Fan Qian ◽  
Xiu Pei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Transmission Electron

Water-soluble gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were prepared using 2-mercapto-4-methyl-5- thiazoleacetic acid (MMTA) as a stabilizing agent and sodium borohydride (NaBH4) as a reducing agent. The AuNPs product was analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-vis absorption spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The TEM image shows that the particles were well-dispersed and their average particle size is about 5 nm. The UV-vis absorption and FTIR spectra confirm that the MMTA-AuNPs was stabilized by the carboxylate ions present on the surface of the AuNPs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document