Secondary Metabolites of Plant Origin containing Carbazole as Lead Molecule: A Review
Keeping this fact that study of a body is biology but life is all about chemicals and chemical transformations, many medicinal chemist start research in finding new and novel chemical compounds which having pharmacological activities. Most of those chemical compounds which are having active pharmacological effects are heterocyclic compounds. Heterocyclic compounds clutch a particular place among pharmaceutically active natural and synthetic compounds. The ability to serve both as biomimetics and reactive pharmacophores of heterocyclic nuclei is incredible and it has principally contributed to their unique value as traditional key elements of numerous drugs. These heterocyclic nuclei offer a huge area for new lead molecules for drug discovery and for generation of activity relationships with biological targets to enhance pharmacological effects. For these reasons, it is not surprising that this structural class has received special attention in drug discovery. The hydrogen bond acceptors and donors arranged in a manner of a semi-rigid skeleton in heterocyclic rings and therefore they can present a varied display of significant pharmacophores. Lead identification and optimization of drug target probable can be achieved by generation of chemical diversity produced by derivatization of heterocyclic pharmacophores with different groups or substituents. A tricyclic carbazole nucleus is an integral part of naturally occurring alkaloids and synthetic derivatives, possessing various potential biological activities such as anticancer, antimicrobial and antiviral. Binding mechanism of carbazole with target receptor as a molecule or fused molecule exhibits the potential lethal effect.