A Novel Approach to Discover Ontology Alignment

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archana Patel ◽  
Sarika Jain
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Structure ◽  
Ontology Alignment ◽  
Common Reference ◽  
It Systems ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Alignment Tool ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Unit ◽  
Equivalence Relationship ◽  
Representation Scheme

Background: The rise of knowledge-rich applications has made ontologies as a common reference point to link the legacy IT systems. The interoperability and integration of two disparate systems in the same domain demand for the resolution of the heterogeneity problem. The major source of heterogeneity lies in the classical representation scheme of ontologies. Objective: Our objective is to present a novel approach to discover ontology alignment by exploiting the comprehensive knowledge structure, where every entity is represented and stored as a knowledge unit. Method: We have created the dataset ourselves by using protégé tool because no dataset is available based on the idea of comprehensive knowledge structure. Result: The proposed approach always detects correct alignments and achieves optimal or near to optimal performance (in term of precision) in case of equivalence relationship. Conclusion: The aim of this paper is not to make a full-fledged matching/alignment tool, but to emphasize the importance of distinctive features of an entity while performing entity matching. The matchers are therefore used as black boxes and may be filled based on user’s choice.

scholarly journals New Enlightenment of Skin Cancer Chemoprevention through Phytochemicals:In VitroandIn VivoStudies and the Underlying Mechanisms

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhulika Singh ◽  
Shankar Suman ◽  
Yogeshwer Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cancer Chemoprevention ◽  
Chemopreventive Agents ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Skin cancer is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Skin overexposure to ultraviolet irradiations, chemicals, and several viruses has a capability to cause severe skin-related disorders including immunosuppression and skin cancer. These factors act in sequence at various steps of skin carcinogenesis via initiation, promotion, and/or progression. These days cancer chemoprevention is recognized as the most hopeful and novel approach to prevent, inhibit, or reverse the processes of carcinogenesis by intervention with natural products. Phytochemicals have antioxidant, antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, and carcinogen detoxification capabilities thereby considered as efficient chemopreventive agents. Considerable efforts have been done to identify the phytochemicals which may possibly act on one or several molecular targets that modulate cellular processes such as inflammation, immunity, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis. Till date several phytochemicals in the light of chemoprevention have been studied by using suitable skin carcinogenicin vitroandin vivomodels and proven as beneficial for prevention of skin cancer. This revision presents a comprehensive knowledge and the main molecular mechanisms of actions of various phytochemicals in the chemoprevention of skin cancer.

Applying Service-Oriented Composition Process in TPMS

2013 ◽  
Vol 680 ◽  
pp. 526-533
Author(s):  
Cheng Wei Yang ◽  
Lei Wu ◽  
Shi Jun Liu ◽  
Xiang Xu Meng
Keyword(s):  
Management System ◽  
Process Management ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Previous Method ◽  
It Systems ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
Composition Process ◽  
Integrated Problems

Nowadays, the companies must adapt their business processes changing more dynamically in accordance with rapidly changing market conditions and IT systems. This paper extends our previous method, which shows a novel approach to integrate a service system. In this paper, we focus on the integrated problems of the Business Process Management System (BPMS). The service is encapsulated as a SCA service component，which is extended to be a service surrogate. Meanwhile, the XML-based process template is used to define the composition process. An interactive access control strategy based on service components is also proposed. At the end of this paper, it is applied in the textile-order process management system (TPMS) as a case study.

scholarly journals Usage of Graph Patterns for Knowledge Assessment Based on Concept Maps

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (38) ◽  
pp. 60-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janis Grundspenkis ◽  
Maija Strautmane
Keyword(s):  
Concept Maps ◽  
Multiagent System ◽  
Knowledge Structure ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Knowledge Assessment ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
Production Rules ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Limited Length ◽  
Knowledge Evaluation

Usage of Graph Patterns for Knowledge Assessment Based on Concept MapsThe paper discusses application of concepts maps (CMs) for knowledge assessment. CMs are graphs which nodes represent concepts and arcs represent relationships between them. CMs reveal learners' knowledge structure and allow assessing their knowledge level. Step-by-step construction and use of CMs is easy. However, mere comparison of expert constructed and learners' completed CMs forces students to construct their knowledge exactly in the same way as experts. At the same time it is known that individuals construct their knowledge structures in different ways. The developed adaptive knowledge assessment system which is implemented as multiagent system includes the knowledge evaluation agent which carries out the comparison of CMs. The paper presents a novel approach to comparison of CMs using graph patterns. Graph patterns are subgraphs, i.e., paths with limited length. Graph patterns are given for both fill-in-the-map tasks where CM structure is predefined and construct-the-map tasks. The corresponding production rules of graph patterns allow to expand the expert's constructed CM and in this way to promote more flexible and adaptive knowledge assessment.

A novel ontology matching approach using key concepts

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-111
Author(s):  
Tayybah Kiren ◽  
Muhammad Shoaib
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Annotation ◽  
Search Space ◽  
Ontology Matching ◽  
Ontology Alignment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Matching Process ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Ontology Alignment Evaluation Initiative ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

Purpose – Ontologies are used to formally describe the concepts within a domain in a machine-understandable way. Matching of heterogeneous ontologies is often essential for many applications like semantic annotation, query answering or ontology integration. Some ontologies may include a large number of entities which make the ontology matching process very complex in terms of the search space and execution time requirements. The purpose of this paper is to present a technique for finding degree of similarity between ontologies that trims down the search space by eliminating the ontology concepts that have less likelihood of being matched. Design/methodology/approach – Algorithms are written for finding key concepts, concept matching and relationship matching. WordNet is used for solving synonym problems during the matching process. The technique is evaluated using the reference alignments between ontologies from ontology alignment evaluation initiative benchmark in terms of degree of similarity, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and IR measures precision, recall and F-measure. Findings – Positive correlation between the degree of similarity and degree of similarity (reference alignment) and computed values of precision, recall and F-measure showed that if only key concepts of ontologies are compared, a time and search space efficient ontology matching system can be developed. Originality/value – On the basis of the present novel approach for ontology matching, it is concluded that using key concepts for ontology matching gives comparable results in reduced time and space.

scholarly journals A framework for computational models of human memory

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew A Kelly ◽  
Robert West
Keyword(s):  
Data Structure ◽  
Knowledge Representation ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Learning Rule ◽  
Knowledge Structure ◽  
Human Memory ◽  
Memory Models ◽  
Representation Scheme ◽  
Memory Modelling

We present analysis of existing memory models, examining how models represent knowledge, structure memory, learn, make decisions, and predict reaction times. On the basis of this analysis, we propose a theoretical framework that characterizes memory modelling in terms of six key decisions: (1) choice of knowledge representation scheme, (2) choice of data structure, (3) choice of associative architecture, (4) choice of learning rule, (5) choice of time variant process, and (6) choice of response decision criteria. This framework is both descriptive and proscriptive: we intend to both describe the state of the literature and outline what we believe is the most fruitful space of possibilities for the development of future memory models.

Copper-dependent ATP7B up-regulation drives the resistance of TMEM16A-overexpressing head-and-neck cancer models to platinum toxicity

2019 ◽  
Vol 476 (24) ◽  
pp. 3705-3719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avani Vyas ◽  
Umamaheswar Duvvuri ◽  
Kirill Kiselyov
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Platinum Resistance ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Platinum Compounds ◽  
Copper Chelation ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Cancer Models

Platinum-containing drugs such as cisplatin and carboplatin are routinely used for the treatment of many solid tumors including squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). However, SCCHN resistance to platinum compounds is well documented. The resistance to platinum has been linked to the activity of divalent transporter ATP7B, which pumps platinum from the cytoplasm into lysosomes, decreasing its concentration in the cytoplasm. Several cancer models show increased expression of ATP7B; however, the reason for such an increase is not known. Here we show a strong positive correlation between mRNA levels of TMEM16A and ATP7B in human SCCHN tumors. TMEM16A overexpression and depletion in SCCHN cell lines caused parallel changes in the ATP7B mRNA levels. The ATP7B increase in TMEM16A-overexpressing cells was reversed by suppression of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2), by the antioxidant N-Acetyl-Cysteine (NAC) and by copper chelation using cuprizone and bathocuproine sulphonate (BCS). Pretreatment with either chelator significantly increased cisplatin's sensitivity, particularly in the context of TMEM16A overexpression. We propose that increased oxidative stress in TMEM16A-overexpressing cells liberates the chelated copper in the cytoplasm, leading to the transcriptional activation of ATP7B expression. This, in turn, decreases the efficacy of platinum compounds by promoting their vesicular sequestration. We think that such a new explanation of the mechanism of SCCHN tumors’ platinum resistance identifies novel approach to treating these tumors.

Collecting Words: A Clinical Example of a Morphology-Focused Orthographic Intervention

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 544-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. Murphy ◽  
Emily A. Diehm
Keyword(s):  
Written Language ◽  
Morphological Knowledge ◽  
English Orthography ◽  
Word Level ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
The One ◽  
Critical Intervention ◽  
Reading And Spelling ◽  
Reading And Spelling Difficulties

Purpose Morphological interventions promote gains in morphological knowledge and in other oral and written language skills (e.g., phonological awareness, vocabulary, reading, and spelling), yet we have a limited understanding of critical intervention features. In this clinical focus article, we describe a relatively novel approach to teaching morphology that considers its role as the key organizing principle of English orthography. We also present a clinical example of such an intervention delivered during a summer camp at a university speech and hearing clinic. Method Graduate speech-language pathology students provided a 6-week morphology-focused orthographic intervention to children in first through fourth grade ( n = 10) who demonstrated word-level reading and spelling difficulties. The intervention focused children's attention on morphological families, teaching how morphology is interrelated with phonology and etymology in English orthography. Results Comparing pre- and posttest scores, children demonstrated improvement in reading and/or spelling abilities, with the largest gains observed in spelling affixes within polymorphemic words. Children and their caregivers reacted positively to the intervention. Therefore, data from the camp offer preliminary support for teaching morphology within the context of written words, and the intervention appears to be a feasible approach for simultaneously increasing morphological knowledge, reading, and spelling. Conclusion Children with word-level reading and spelling difficulties may benefit from a morphology-focused orthographic intervention, such as the one described here. Research on the approach is warranted, and clinicians are encouraged to explore its possible effectiveness in their practice. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12290687

Twitter Usage Using Common Reference to Tinnitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-217
Author(s):  
Jianyuan Ni ◽  
Monica L. Bellon-Harn ◽  
Jiang Zhang ◽  
Yueqing Li ◽  
Vinaya Manchaiah
Keyword(s):  
Nonprofit Organizations ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Common Reference ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Twitter Users ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Share Information

Objective The objective of the study was to examine specific patterns of Twitter usage using common reference to tinnitus. Method The study used cross-sectional analysis of data generated from Twitter data. Twitter content, language, reach, users, accounts, temporal trends, and social networks were examined. Results Around 70,000 tweets were identified and analyzed from May to October 2018. Of the 100 most active Twitter accounts, organizations owned 52%, individuals owned 44%, and 4% of the accounts were unknown. Commercial/for-profit and nonprofit organizations were the most common organization account owners (i.e., 26% and 16%, respectively). Seven unique tweets were identified with a reach of over 400 Twitter users. The greatest reach exceeded 2,000 users. Temporal analysis identified retweet outliers (> 200 retweets per hour) that corresponded to a widely publicized event involving the response of a Twitter user to another user's joke. Content analysis indicated that Twitter is a platform that primarily functions to advocate, share personal experiences, or share information about management of tinnitus rather than to provide social support and build relationships. Conclusions Twitter accounts owned by organizations outnumbered individual accounts, and commercial/for-profit user accounts were the most frequently active organization account type. Analyses of social media use can be helpful in discovering issues of interest to the tinnitus community as well as determining which users and organizations are dominating social network conversations.

Abstract #709: E-Consults: A Novel Approach to Increase Access to Subspecialty Care in Endocrinology

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Kaniksha Desai ◽  
Halis Akturk ◽  
Ana Maria Chindris ◽  
Shon Meek ◽  
Robert Smallridge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Novel Approach
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