Innovation and investment mechanism for the formation and implementation of state policy to ensure the technological competitiveness of leading countries and Ukraine in the digital economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S4) ◽  
pp. 1508-1551
Author(s):  
Igor Matyushenko ◽  
Kamila Trofimchenko ◽  
Valery Reznikov ◽  
Olha Prokopenko ◽  
Serhii Hlibko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Instrument Making ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
Grouping Method ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Technological Competitiveness ◽  
Office Equipment

The aim of the study is to assess the technological competitiveness of the leading countries and Ukraine as well as the formation of an innovation and investment mechanism to improve it. The article presents the scheme of research of technological competitiveness of the leading countries and Ukraine on the basis of qualitative and economic-statistical analysis, analysis of comparative advantages, grouping method and correlation-regression analysis. Analysis of foreign trade in high-tech products showed that the studied countries occupy more than half of this market. The studied countries take an active part in international economic relations since they have rather high export quotas but the ratio of the export of high-tech goods to GDP is very low. The analysis of comparative advantages showed that Ukraine has the greatest preference for the export of aerospace products, Germany for pharmaceuticals, China for office equipment, the United States for instrument making, and only China for telecommunications. It was determined that France, China, and South Korea have the highest level of innovation in national exports, and Ukraine and the Russian Federation have the lowest.

US-China trade war: Russia's risks

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
O. V. Ignatova ◽  
O. A. Gorbunova
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
China Trade ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Trade War ◽  
The Impact

The article is devoted to one of the urgent problems of the world economy: the trade opposition of the United States and China. Due to the fact that these countries occur to be the largest economies in the world, their conflict cannot in one way or another be reflected in other subjects of international economic relations. The article analyzes the main stages of the trade war between the United States and China and formulates the causes of the crisis.On the basis of a regional approach and analysis of statistical data it became possible to make an assessment of the effects that the US-PRC rivalry has on mutual trade, investment and energy cooperation between Russia and China. It is noted that in connection with the trade conflict, Russian-Chinese relations are reaching a new level of development, the number of joint economic projects is growing. However, the confrontation between the United States and China brings not only opportunities, but also risks for Russia. The authors make a forecast about the impact of the trade war on the economy of the Russian Federation in the short and medium term.

scholarly journals US–China Trade War: Russia’s Interests

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Olga V. Ignatova ◽  
Olga A. Gorbunova ◽  
Olga Yu. Tereshina ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
China Trade ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Trade War ◽  
The Impact

The article is devoted to one of the urgent problems of the world economy: the trade opposition of the United States and China. Due to the fact that these countries occur to be the largest economies in the world, their conflict cannot in one way or another be reflected in other subjects of international economic relations. The article analyzes the main stages of the trade war between the United States and China and formulates the causes of the crisis. On the basis of a regional approach and analysis of statistical data, it became possible to make an assessment of the effects that the US–PRC rivalry has on mutual trade, investment, and energy cooperation between Russia and China. It is noted that in connection with the trade conflict, Russian–Chinese relations are reaching a new level of development, and the number of joint economic projects is growing. However, the confrontation between the United States and China brings not only opportunities but also risks for Russia. The authors make a forecast about the impact of the trade war on the economy of the Russian Federation in the short and medium term.

scholarly journals FOREIGN TRADE OF RUSSIA IN 2018: THE RISE CONTINUES

2019 ◽  
pp. 60-71
Author(s):  
Igor S. Gladkov
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Positive Results

The article analyzes current trends in the dynamics and geographical structure of foreign trade relations of the Russian Federation, which appeared in 2018 as a continuation of the breakthrough achievements of Russia in this area in the preceding 2017. The past year was characterized by new, generally positive, shifts in the foreign trade of the Russian Federation, despite the rather tough conditions of the extension of anti-Russian restriction measures by the world's leading trade contractors – the United States, the European Union, Japan and other major suppliers to international product markets. At the same time, it should be taken into consideration that quite noticeable successes in Russian foreign trade practice were accompanied by other positive results in the development of the country's economy. Such circumstances are of particular importance in the context of the manifestation and growth in recent years of increasing uncertainty, unpredictability and, as a consequence, the general «turbulence» in the systems of the world economy and international economic relations. Therefore, the need for researching new trends gaining weight in the sphere of export-import contacts of theRussian Federationat the stage of exacerbation of the situation in the global commodity exchange is now quite naturally actualized.

ECONOMIC RELATIONSHIP OF THE STRATEGIC TRIANGLE COUNTRIES RUSSIAN FEDERATION – PRC – USA. Part 3: Economic cooperation between the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 147-163
Author(s):  
D. V. GORDIENKO ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
National Economies ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the study is to assess the impact of economic cooperation between the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China on the economic relations of the countries of the strategic triangle Russia – China – the United States. An approach to the analysis of trade and investment cooperation between the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China, which determines the interdependence of the national economies of these countries, is proposed. This allows us to give a forecast of the development of economic relations between the countries of the strategic triangle. The results of the analysis can be used to justify recommendations to the leadership of our country. The conclusion is made: the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China are important economic partners for each other.

Economic Regionalism Reconsidered

1961 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lincoln Gordon
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Foreign Economic Policy ◽  
Industrial Countries ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Primary Products ◽  
Structural Relationships ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
Do So

During the decade of the 1950's, considerable popularity was won for the idea that the restructuring of the world economy into regional blocs would mark a great forward step in international economic relations, and might also help resolve certain major international political problems. As the new decade begins, and as a new Administration takes office in Washington, it is timely to reappraise the validity of this idea. To do so is not to suggest that regionalism is the most important aspect of foreign economic policy for the new decade. There come readily to mind at least five other major topics: aid for economic development; stabilization of international markets for primary products; the policy of advanced industrial countries toward imports of low-wage manufactured goods from developing countries; the treatment of trade and aid activities of the Communist bloc; and the reduction of the balance-of-payments deficit of the United States. With respect to broad structural relationships, however, the future of economic regionalism is evidently a matter of special importance.

scholarly journals The US Role in the World Manufacturing and Trade as a Global Issue

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-112
Author(s):  
V. G. VARNAVSKIY
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Purchasing Power Parity ◽  
World Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Power Parity ◽  
Instrument Making ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa

The article considers the USA role and place in the global  manufacturing and trade. Key aspects of the world economy  transformation in the context of globalization, internationalization  and liberalization are studied. As shows, USA and China are the two  largest economies in the world. United States is the world’s largest  economy by nominal GDP and second largest by purchasing power  parity (PPP). It holds a 15.4 percent share of global GDP in PPP  (2016). China is the world’s largest economy by PPP, accounting for  17.8 percent of global GDP. The USA share of world GDP declined by  a total of 3.8 percentage points between 2006 and 2016. At the  same time, the United States possesses great economic strength. It  is also the world leader in innovation. China’s success has mostly  been in lowerend innovation. This country has been less successful in  higher-end innovation, where USA currently maintain a lead. The  United States holds a leading position in aerospace, instrument  making, cloud computing, ICT, robotics-related technologies, nanomaterials, biopharmaceutical and other high-tech  industries and China significantly lags behind. Special attention is paid to the U.S. foreign trade. It is shown that the USA is one of  the world’s largest importer and exporter of goods and services. It  accounts for 10.5 percent of global goods and services exports in  2016 (second place after China) and 13.3 percent of global imports  (first place). Despite the world’s second place after China in some economic indexes such as gross domestic product (at PPP),   size of manufacturingand merchandise trade, USA ranks first in the  world in terms of quality indicators of economic development. It  remains the most powerful economy in the world. The author’s  conclusion is that, the loss of US world leadership in terms of output  indicators has not yet become a global problem for other countries  and world economy in the whole.

scholarly journals THE POSITION OF THE FINANCIAL COMPONENT IN THE PARADIGM OF MODERN ECONOMIC DIPLOMACY

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-194
Author(s):  
Kostyantyn Flissak ◽  
Darya Glukhova
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Economic Diplomacy ◽  
International Economic Relations ◽  
The Impact

At the beginning of the 21st century, most subjects of international economic relations announced a course to liberalize the world economy both as a whole and as its individual components. At the same time, under the influence of geopolitical and geo-economic aspirations, state instruments of a protectionist nature were increasingly used. Global economic development has become a hostage to such processes. In such circumstances, the efficiency of individual business entities has begun to decline. Innovative tools were needed to prevent this. One of them was economic diplomacy, which has acquired a special role in providing the promotion of the interests of both national economies as a whole and their individual subjects. At the same time, economic diplomacy itself covers different areas of economic activity and not all of them are investigated to the same extent. The purpose of the article is to study and analyze the financial component of economic diplomacy in modern conditions, the specifics of its formation and development, aimed at improving the national system of promoting national interests both within the state and abroad. To achieve this goal, the research is focused on the following tasks: to consider and analyze the theoretical basis of the financial component of economic diplomacy, to highlight its manifestations in various forms of international economic relations, to determine the main imperatives of state support for international investment partnership. Special attention is paid to the issues of external borrowing and the movement of public debt funds from the point of view of the influence of economic diplomacy on them. Based on the results of this review, a whole number of theoretical conclusions were made, which at the same time establish the basis for further research of the considered problem. Methodology. In the process of preparing the article, methods of scientific abstraction, observation, analysis and synthesis, generalization, as well as statistical and economic methods were used to assess a number of financial and economic indicators of state development in order to identify the weaknesses and prospects for the impact of economic diplomacy tools on them. The information and analytical base for the study are materials and analytical reports of international organizations dealing with the issues under consideration (UNCTAD, IMF, World Bank), regulatory and statistical data of state authorities of Ukraine and the United States, the results of scientific research of modern scientists from different countries. The results of the study show that providing the proper efficiency of foreign economic activity requires the use of a set of tools to promote and support its subjects. Economic diplomacy plays a significant role in this sphere. The development level of international economic relations actualizes the justification of the modern paradigm of the financial component, mechanisms for applying the tools of economic diplomacy in financial issues. All this requires a clear delineation and structuring of object-by-object areas and directions of efforts. Only on this basis, an effective mechanism for implementing the financial component of economic diplomacy can be formed. The practical implications of the scientific research are to find out the current state of economic diplomacy mechanisms in the financial sphere, trends in their development, and potential consequences for other states (including Ukraine). Value/originality. The studied mechanisms and practice of using economic diplomacy in the sphere of the financial component, in particular in issues of interstate investment partnership, external government borrowing, and work with public debt deserve attention from the relevant state structures of Ukraine on the implementation of tools and standards of economic diplomacy in this area. In addition, this study can serve as a basis for further research, since the considered problem contains the significant potential for further investigations in subsequent scientific publications.

scholarly journals Dynamics of the structure of US foreign trade in high - tech manufacturing products

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-62
Author(s):  
V. N. Minat
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Market ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Us Economy ◽  
High Knowledge ◽  
Structural Indicators

The significant role of the United States in global innovative industrial production and related foreign trade in high-tech products requires studying the interaction between these two phenomena of economic development of the country in the space-time continuum. By studying the dynamics of structural indicators of export-import components of US foreign trade in industrial goods with high knowledge intensity and the nature of their ratio in absolute terms (balance) for the period 1946-2019, long-term trends that determine its sectoral (in this case, by product groups) and territorial (spatial) structure in the global system of world economic relations are revealed. The interrelation of the de-industrialization of the American economy as a whole and the constant growth of the innovative potential of the industrial sector of the US economy with a slowdown in the external economic impact of the country's high-tech industries on the world market is shown, despite the historically established competitive advantages of this group of manufacturing industries and their successful development in the domestic market of the United States.

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