scholarly journals Effectiveness Analysis of Anaerobic Digestion Method in Making Biogas from Animal Manure and Tofu Liquid Waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-94
Author(s):  
Fahmi Arifan ◽  
Abdullah Abdullah ◽  
Siswo Sumardiono
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Methanogenic Bacteria ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Digestion Method ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion Process ◽  
Digestion Process

Organic waste has high COD and BOD content, so it is dangerous if disposed of directly into the environment. Organic waste processing, such as waste from livestock manure and liquid tofu waste, requires a process that can reduce COD and BOD levels as well as produce valuable products. Anaerobic digestion method is the proper process to convert complex compounds in waste into simpler compounds with methanogenic bacteria into a renewable energy product, namely biogas. On the other hand, the anaerobic digestion process can reduce COD and BOD levels in the biogas formation process. This study uses raw materials such as cow manure and chicken manure, and liquid tofu waste. The variables that produced the largest biogas were those with a ratio of 70% cow dung, 15% chicken manure, and 15% tofu liquid waste with a total of 3,251.5 mL. Then, the COD and BOD levels decreased significantly with more than 98% COD removal, and more than 95% BOD removal in all variables at the end of the anaerobic digestion process.

scholarly journals Biocomposites from anaerobically digested Eichhornia crassipes ((Mart.) Solms), as an alternative solution for the post-phytoremediation process

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-144
Author(s):  
Gabriella Marsaulina ◽  
◽  
Taufik Taufikurahman ◽  
Andira Rahmawati
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Chromium Content ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion Process ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
Water Hyacinths

Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is a plant species commonly used for phytoremediation to reduce high chromium content in tannery liquid waste in Garut, West Java. Water hyacinth materials harvested from the phytoremediation can be used for the anaerobic digestion process to produce biogas and bio-slurry. This study aimed to determine the reduction of chromium content found in water hyacinths due to the anaerobic digestion process, and utilization of bio-slurry from the anaerobic digestion process as a biocomposite material. The anaerobic digestion process was carried out for 33 d using biodigesters and the composition of the biodigesters were varied into 100% dried water hyacinths and 80% water hyacinths with the addition of 20% cow dung. The bio-slurry from the anaerobic digestion process was then used for making biocomposites with 3 different compositions, i.e., 75 and 25%; 50 and 50%; and 25 and 75% of cement and bio-slurry, respectively. The average chromium content found in water hyacinths from the phytoremediation process without anaerobic digestion process was 41.964 mg/l. The results show a reduction in the amount of chromium after the anaerobic digestion process was found in each composition of bio-slurry, which were 15.979 mg/l (100% water hyacinth) and 14.861 mg/l (80% water hyacinth + 20% cow dung). Biodigester with a composition of 80% water hyacinth + 20% cow dung produced the highest average volume of biogas which was 0.424 l. The biocomposite of 75% cement and 25% bio-slurry had the highest compressive strength value of 30.598 MPa and water absorption capacity of 37.25%. It can be concluded that biocomposite with the composition of 75% cement and 25% water hyacinth bio-slurry is promising to be used as an alternative material for buildings.

scholarly journals Effect of Organic Waste Addition into Animal Manure on Biogas Production Using Anaerobic Digestion Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 623-633
Author(s):  
Fahmi Arifan ◽  
Abdullah Abdullah ◽  
Siswo Sumardiono
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Biogas Yield

One biomass form with a high potential to replace fossil fuels is biogas. Biogas yield production depends on the raw material or substrate used. This research was aimed to investigate abiogas production technique using an anaerobic digestion process based on a substrate mixture of a starter, cow dung, chicken manure, tofu liquid waste, and cabbage waste.The anaerobic digestion is a promised process to reduce waste while it is also producing renewable energy.Moreover, the process can digest high nutrients in the waste. The anaerobic digestion results showed that the combination producing the highest biogas amount was 200 mg starter mixed with a ratio of 70% cow dung, 15% chicken manure, and 15% tofu liquid waste. The larger the amount of cabbage waste, the lower the biogas production. The quadratic regression analysisand kinetics model based on the Gompertz equation was obtained for the variable with the highest yield, compared to 70% cow dung, 15% chicken manure, and 15% tofu liquid waste and the estimated kinetic parameters based on the Gompertz equations revealed that the value of P∞ = 2,795.142 mL/gr.Ts, Rm = 113, 983.777 mL/gr.Ts, and t = 10.2 days. The results also conluded that the use of  tofu liquid waste produced more biogas than cabbage waste. This study also successfully showed significant development in terms of the amount of biogas produced by adding organic waste to animal manure as the substrate used

scholarly journals Kinetic Study of Biogas Production from Animal Manure and Organic Waste in Semarang City by Using Anaerobic Digestion Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1221
Author(s):  
Fahmi Arifan ◽  
Abdullah Abdullah ◽  
Siswo Sumardiono
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Animal Manure ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
First Order ◽  
Order Kinetic Model

The biogas fermentation from animal manure and organic waste was investigated with a comparison percentage of raw material used inside the digester with the anaerobic digestion process. Animal manure consists of cow dung and chicken manure, while organic waste consists of tofu liquid waste and cabbage waste. This study used a batch process that was operated at 55 °C incubator temperature for 90 days. The results of experimental data were predicted with a modified Gompertz model and first-order kinetic model. The equation of the modified Gompertz model to predict biogas production was  with  is cumulative production of methane; P∞ = methane production potential; Rm = maximum specific speed methane production; λ = is lag phase period or minimum time to produce biogas; e = math constant (2.7182) and t = biogas production cumulative time. The equation first-order kinetic model was Y = Ym (1-exp(-k). The highest biogas yield was obtained by variable 3 in both kinetic studies compared to 70% cow dung, 15% chicken manure, and 15% tofu liquid waste. Gompertz's kinetic study predicted variable three would produce 3273.20 mL/g of total solid (TS). In comparison, the first-order kinetic model predicted that variable three would produce 3517.95 mL/(g Ts).

An Overview of Digestion Processes

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
W A Pretorius
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Methanogenic Bacteria ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion Process ◽  
Digestion Process

The production of methane in the anaerobic digestion process is brought about by the metabolic activity of a small and highly specialized group of methanogenic bacteria. In this overview the conditions necessary for the growth of these bacteria, the possible extra-cellular substrate flow from complex substrates to methane and different applications of the anaerobic digestion process are discussed.

scholarly journals Evaluasi efektifitas effective microorganism-4 (EM-4) dalam menaikkan volume produksi biogas

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendry Sakke Tira ◽  
Syahrul H. ◽  
Edi G. Umbara
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Solution Concentration ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion Process ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
Production Temperature ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
Effective Microorganism

Anaerobic digestion process of cow dung was observed over 30 days with addition of effective microorganism – 4 in regard to improve biogas volume production. Temperature for biogas production was kept constant and was conducted at mesophilic mode. It was found that EM-4 addition was effective to increase the biogas yields production. The improvement in biogas volume was recorded as high as 87.8% which was achieved in 10% v/v EM-4 addition. However, the solution concentration should be limited in certain amount. By experimentally work, the results showed that adding more EM-4 into digestate resulted in reduction of biogas volume gradually. The most influential factor of the result may be attributed by the alteration of digestate pH from netral to more acidic. This acidic condition hampered microorganism to do anaerobic process well. 

Efficient Recovery of Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus from Chicken Manure by a Three-Stage Countercurrent Anaerobic Digestion Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 1010-1012 ◽  
pp. 1010-1014
Author(s):  
Xue Jing Hu ◽  
Xiao Ling Liu ◽  
Zheng Bo Yue ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Yong Hui Song
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion Process ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
Production Ratio

Three-stage countercurrent anaerobic digestion as a novel anaerobic fermentation process was applied to improve the biogas production and nitrogen and phosphorus release ratio from chicken manure. The digestion performance of each stage (H1, H2 and H3) for producing biogas, biomethane, NH4+-N and PO43--P was investigated. Results showed that the maximum biogas production ratio and cumulative biogas were achieved by H1, and their values reached 714 mL/d and 8636 mL, respectively. Compared with H2 and H3, the cumulative biogas from H1 increased by 45.6% or more. CH4content remained relatively stable in H1, and its average value was 68%, which was a little higher than that in H2 and H3. Moreover, NH4+-N and PO43--P levels which were released during anaerobic digestion of chicken manure arrived at 6.4 g/L and 230.6 mg/L in H1, and they were approximately 27% and 7% more than the other two stages, respectively. The results indicated that the three-stage countercurrent anaerobic digestion process could reduce the inhibitory effect of ammonia and VFAs on anaerobic microorganisms.

Effect of a Starch-Rich Industrial Wastewater on the Acid-Phase Anaerobic Digestion Process

2005 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 366-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Elefsiniotis ◽  
David G Wareham ◽  
Marcus O Smith
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion Process ◽  
Digestion Process

A Mathematical Model for the Anaerobic Digestion Process Applied to a Mixture of Night Soil and Septic Tank Sludge

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 239-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Ryong Ha ◽  
Dwang Ho Lee ◽  
Sang Eun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Septic Tank ◽  
Volatile Acid ◽  
Hydraulic Residence Time ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion Process ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
Proposed Model

Laboratory scale experiments were conducted to develop a mathematical model for the anaerobic digestion of a mixture of night soil and septic tank sludge. The optimum mixing ratio by volume between night soil and septic tank sludge was found to be 7:3. Due to the high solids content in the influent waste, mixed-liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS) was not considered to be a proper parameter for biomass concentration, therefore, the active biomass concentration was estimated based on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) concentration in the reactor. The weight ratio between acidogenic bacteria and methanogenic bacteria in the mixed culture of a well-operated anaerobic digester was approximately 3:2. The proposed model indicates that the amount of volatile acid produced and the gas production rate can be expressed as a function of hydraulic residence time (HRT). The kinetic constants of the two phases of the anaerobic digestion process were determined, and a computer was used to simulate results using the proposed model for the various operating parameters, such as BOD5 and volatile acid concentrations in effluent, biomass concentrations and gas production rates. These were consistent with the experimental data.

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