scholarly journals Analisis Laju Infiltrasi Dengan Metode Penggenangan (Fooding) dan Karakteristik Tanah di Kabupaten Sampang, Madura

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 477-488
Author(s):  
Qistan Maraghi Bagaskoro ◽  
◽  
Sri Wahyuni ◽  
Ussy Andawayanti ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Run Off ◽  
Horton Model

Pertumbuhan ekonomi yang sangat pesat akan menyebabkan kepada perubahan tata guna lahan serta tutupan lahan pada area pembangunan infrastruktur. Akibatnya dapat menigkatnya volume air hujan menjadi aliran permukaan (surface run off) yang tidak terinfiltrasi ke dalam tanah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk menganalisis laju infiltrasi dengan perhitungan Model Horton, Model Holtan dan Model Phillip serta mengetahui genangan yang terjadi dan mengetahui karakteristik tanah. Kajian ini dilakukan pada 10 titik tinjau dengan 10 desa berbeda di Kabupaten Sampang. Pada setiap titik dilakukan pembacaan laju infiltrasi menggunakan alat Turf-Tech Infiltrometer dan pengambilan sampel tanah berjarak sekitar 5-10 meter dari titik pembacaan infiltrasi. Pengujian karakteristik tanah dilakukan di Laboraturium Tanah dan Air Tanah (Teknik Pengairan). Data curah hujan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berasal dari Penakar hujan Sampang, Penakar Hujan Omben, Penakar Hujan Robatal, Penakar hujan Kedundung dan Penakar Hujan Karangpenang. Dari hasil analisis, Model Horton dianggap lebih cocok pada penelitian ini dari segi kemudahan dalam proses perhitungan serta dianggap tepat diterapkan berdasarkan dari perbandingan kurva laju infiltrasi lapangan. 6 dari 10 titik tinjau terjadi genangan. Hasil karakteristik tanah memiliki jenis tanah lempung pada 2 titik, lempung liat berdebu 2 titik dan lempung berdebu pada 6 titik.

STRUKTUR BASIS DATA SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN ALOKASI LAHAN DALAM PENATAAN RUANG

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 385
Author(s):  
Dinar Dwi Anugerah Putranto ◽  
Agus Lestari Yuono ◽  
Sarino Sarino ◽  
IC Juliana
Keyword(s):  
Run Off

Perubahan Pemanfaatan lahan yang begitu cepat, telah merubah pola-pola pengaliran permukaan (run-off) pada wilayah sub sistem sungai yang ada di daerah perkotaan. Permasalahan limpasan air permukaan dan genangan (storm watter), dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, seperti masalah okupasi bantaran sungai, penimbunan rawa yang tidak sesuai, pengaruh pasang-surut sungai, yang mempengaruhi kapasitas sub sistem sungai pada wilayah bersangkutan (Putranto, 2016). Penelitian ini akan membahas isu spasial pada sistem aliran air permukaan dalam perencanaan tata ruang wilayah kota dengan menekankan integrasi aliran air permukaan (run-off) dan manajemen alokasi lahan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah melakukan analisis secara spasial menggunakan semua parameter Run-off dalam struktur database dengan memanfaatkan interface Sistem Informasi Manajemen Alokasi Lahan (SIMAL) yang dibangun untuk menguji besarnya puncak banjir menggunakan metode HSS Nakayatsu, dengan studi kasus sub sistem sungai Jakabaring, di Kota Palembang. Hasil yang diperoleh mampu melihat alih fungsi lahan rawa, yang dimanfaatkan untuk Kawasan Palembang Sport City dalam menghadapi Asian Games 2018 di Kota Palembang, telah menyebabkan genangan banjir pada wilayah sungai Kedukan, bagian dari Sub DAS Jakabaring, Kawasan Seberang Ulu, Kota Palembang, Indonesia. Berdasarkan Analisis menggunakan model hydrograft satuan Nakayatsu, terjadinya puncak banjir akan terjadi saat curah hujan mencapai lebih dari 120 mm/jam yang menyebabkan debit sungai kedukan mencapai hingga 400m3/det. Pembuatan danau buatan sebagai kolam retensi dan sekaligus sebagai venue olah raga, belum mampu mengurangi tinggi genangan yang terjadi sekitar 0,6 – 1,2 m dpl.

SELF-PURIFICATION OF SEA COASTAL WATER AREAS UNDER CLIMATIC AND ANTHROPOGENIC CHANGE

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Mesenzeva ◽  
Irina Mesenzeva ◽  
Elena Sovga ◽  
Elena Sovga ◽  
Tatyana Khmara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anthropogenic Impact ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Anthropogenic Change ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Open Sea ◽  
Sevastopol Bay ◽  
Assimilation Capacity

The ability of a bay and gulf ecosystems to self-purification was estimated and the current ecological state of the Sevastopol Bay in whole and the separated parts of the bay was given as an example. A zoning by type of anthropogenic impact subject to the water exchange with the open sea and an influence of the Chernaya River run-off were taken into account. A comparative analysis of assimilation capacity of the most environmentally disadvantaged part of the Sevastopol Bay (the Southern Bay) and the clean water area, bordering on the open sea, was carried out. The hydrodynamic regime of the Sevastopol Bay was described using numerical modelling. The prospect, opportunity and examples of the methodology for assessing the assimilation capacity of marine ecosystems are demonstrated.

A single-product crystallization scheme

2011 ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Mike Inkson ◽  
Philip Antier ◽  
Malcolm Topfer
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Food Quality ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Double Effect ◽  
Target Color ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Single Product ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Raw Sugar ◽  
Stage Crystallization

During the SIT conference in Dubai 2005 a single strike crystallization scheme model based on the way that Russian beet factory operated when refining raw sugar was proposed and suggested that it would be particularly suitable for medium size refineries up to about 2000 t/d RSO (refined sugar output). Now there is operational a 1700 t/d RSO stand-alone refinery that uses the scheme. It melts up to VHP raw sugar with 1200 IU (ICUMSA units) and runs carbonatation followed by a light dosing of PAC (powdered activated carbon) as necessary then double effect evaporation to produce fine liquor. Target color for the fine liquor is 340 IU. The centrifugal run-off needs to be segregated into the higher purity, lower color (so-called white) and lower purity, higher color (so called ‘green’) run-off. The white run-off (about 75%) is sent to white crystallization. The remaining 25% (green run-off) is sent to a three-stage crystallization recovery but, given the high purity regime without affination, the ‘A’ sugar is melted back to fine liquor having been crystallized and purged as if food quality. The results presented in the paper show that the refinery is operating broadly as predicted, producing a refined sugar to EEC 2 standard.

Spray Volume, Canopy Density, and Other Factors Involved in Thinner Efficacy

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 553d-553
Author(s):  
C.R. Unrath
Keyword(s):  
Tree Height ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Tree Size ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Canopy Density ◽  
The North ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Tree Canopies ◽  
Average Water ◽  
Water Volumes

Historically, most airblast chemical applications to apple orchards used a single “average” water volume, resulting in variability of coverage with tree size and also the greatest variable in chemical thinning. This coverage variability can be eliminated by properly quantifying the tree canopy, as tree row volume (TRV), and relating that volume to airblast water rate for adequate coverge. Maximum typical tree height, cross-row limb spread, and between-row spacing are used to quantify the TRV. Further refinement is achieved by adjusting the water volume for tree canopy density. The North Carolina TRV model allows a density adjustment from 0.7 gal/1000 ft3 of TRV for young, very open tree canopies to 1.0 gal/1000 ft3 of TRV for large, thick tree canopies to deliver a full dilute application for maximum water application (to the point of run-off). Most dilute pesticide applications use 70% of full dilute to approach the point of drip (pesticide dilute) to not waste chemicals and reduce non-target environmental exposure. From the “chemical load” (i.e., lb/acre) calculated for the pesticide dilute application, the proper chemical load for lower (concentrate) water volumes can be accurately determined. Another significant source of variability is thinner application response is spray distribution to various areas of the tree. This variability is related to tree configuration, light, levels, fruit set, and natural thinning vs. the need for chemical thinning. Required water delivery patterns are a function of tree size, form, spacing, and density, as well as sprayer design (no. of nozzles and fan size). The TRV model, density adjustments, and nozzle patterns to effectively hit the target for uniform crop load will be addressed.

Irrigation of Geraniums with an Automatic Controlled Water Table System

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 522d-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.W. Buxton ◽  
D.L. Ingram ◽  
Wenwei Jia
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Optimum Water

Geraniums in 15-cm pots were irrigated automatically for 8 weeks with a Controlled Water Table (CWT) irrigation system. Plants were irrigated with a nutrient solution supplied by a capillary mat with one end of the mat suspended in a trough below the bottom of the pot. The nutrient solution remained at a constant level in the trough. Nutrient solution removed from the trough was immediately replaced from a larger reservoir. The vertical distance from the surface of the nutrient solution and the bottom of the pot determined the water/air ratio and water potential in the growing media. Treatments consisted of placing pots at 0, 2, 4, and 6 cm above the nutrient solution. Control plants were irrigated as needed with a trickle irrigation system. Geraniums grown at 0,2 and 4 CWT were ≈25% larger than the control plants and those grown at 6 CWT as measured by dry weight and leaf area. Roots of plants grown at 0 CWT were concentrated in the central area of the root ball; whereas roots of plants in other treatments were located more near the bottom of the pot. Advantages of the CWT system include: Plant controlled automatic irrigation; no run off; optimum water/air ratio.

GROUNDWATER TIME SERIES

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERIK ERIKSSON
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hydrologic Models ◽  
Physical Point ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Fort Collins ◽  
Statistical Sense ◽  
Full Benefit ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Prediction Problems

The term “stochastic hydrology” implies a statistical approach to hydrologic problems as opposed to classic hydrology which can be considered deterministic in its approach. During the International Hydrology Symposium, held 6-8 September 1967 at Fort Collins, a number of hydrology papers were presented consisting to a large extent of studies on long records of hydrological elements such as river run-off, these being treated as time series in the statistical sense. This approach is, no doubt, of importance for future work especially in relation to prediction problems, and there seems to be no fundamental difficulty for introducing the stochastic concepts into various hydrologic models. There is, however, some developmental work required – not to speak of educational in respect to hydrologists – before the full benefit of the technique is obtained. The present paper is to some extent an exercise in the statistical study of hydrological time series – far from complete – and to some extent an effort to interpret certain features of such time series from a physical point of view. The material used is 30 years of groundwater level observations in an esker south of Uppsala, the observations being discussed recently by Hallgren & Sands-borg (1968).

The Run off of Nutrients from Funen, Denmark, and the Consequences for Its Coastal Waters

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 315-318
Author(s):  
J. D. Petersen ◽  
N. Rask ◽  
H. B. Madsen ◽  
S. E. Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Run Off
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