scholarly journals Reducing the prior identification uncertainty of the bearing of active interference sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Batkovsky ◽  
E. B. Mazakov ◽  
V. Ya. Trofimets ◽  
E. N. Trofimets ◽  
A. V. Fomina
Keyword(s):  
Software Systems ◽  
Redundant Information ◽  
Problem Statement ◽  
Energy Characteristics ◽  
Primary Processing ◽  
Correlation Integral ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Spatial Coordinates ◽  
Interference Signals ◽  
Practical Implications

Problem statement. In measuring the spatial coordinates of sources of active interference, one of the main tasks is to identify their bearings. This problem belongs to the class of multi-alternative problems of statistical choice of hypotheses, the solution of which becomes much more complicated with an increase in the number of sources of active interference.Objective. Reduce the prior uncertainty in identifying bearings of active interference sources due to the use of differences in their energy characteristics at the stage of primary processing of interference signals, recalculated to the points of intersection of bearings.Results. The article discusses the processing features of bearing information in a two-position radar system. It is shown that in these systems, due to the absence of redundant information, the identification of bearings is a multi-alternative problem of statistical choice of hypotheses. The analysis of the matrix of coordinates of intersections of azimuthal bearings is carried out, a rule for identifying possible hypotheses of identification is formulated. It is proposed to use the energy differences of interference signals to reduce the prior uncertainty in identifying bearings. It is shown that a measure of this difference can be the value of the correlation integral, calculated at the stage of primary processing of interference signals.Practical implications. The principle of bearing identification considered in the article can be used to implement the identification of bearings from sources of active interference and other various radio emission objects, including space ones, when upgrading the mathematical and software systems for information processing.

Exploring digital servitization trajectories within product–service–software space

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Hsuan ◽  
Marin Jovanovic ◽  
Diego Honorato Clemente
Keyword(s):  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Digital Ecosystem ◽  
Product Service ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Mapping Exercise

PurposeThis study shows various pathways manufacturers can take when embarking on digital servitization (DS) journeys. It builds on the DS and modularity literature to map the strategic trajectories of product–service–software (PSSw) configurations.Design/methodology/approachThe study is exploratory and based on the inductive theory building method. The empirical data were gathered through a workshop with focus groups of 15 servitization manufacturers (with 22 respondents), an on-site workshop (in-depth case study), semi-structured interviews, observations and document study of archival data.FindingsThe DS trajectories are idiosyncratic and dependent on design architectures of PSSw modules, balancing choices between standardization and innovation. The adoption of software systems depends on the maturity of the industry-specific digital ecosystem. Decomposition and integration of PSSw modules facilitate DS transition through business model modularity. Seven testable propositions are presented.Research limitations/implicationsWith the small sample size from different industries and one in-depth case study, generalizing the findings was not possible.Practical implicationsThe mapping exercise is powerful when top management from different functional departments can participate together to share their expertise and achieve consensus. It logs the “states” that the manufacturer undergoes over time.Originality/valueThe Digital Servitization Cube serves as a conceptual framework for manufacturers to systematically map and categorize their current and future PSSw strategies. It bridges the cross-disciplinary theoretical discussion in DS.

Singular analysis of stereoscopic serif

2021 ◽  
Vol 966 (12) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
E.G. Voronin
Keyword(s):  
System Of Equations ◽  
Stereo Images ◽  
Geometric Conditions ◽  
Basis Plane ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Spatial Coordinates ◽  
Singular Numbers ◽  
Singular Analysis

The article is devoted to the development of a methodological apparatus for evaluating the influence of geometric survey conditions on the ratio of errors in the planned and altitude components of determining the terrain points’ spatial coordinates. For this purpose, an approach based on the singular analyzing the matrix of the system of equations for intersecting lines in the basis plane is used. It is shown that singular numbers characterize the ellipse of coordinate definition errors in plane and height. They are calculated for the most typical cases of stereo surveying. It is noted that the geometric conditions of stereo photography are mainly determined by the serif angle. By interpolating the results of calculating singular numbers, the formulas characterizing the direct and inverse dependence of the ratio of the stereo-cut in plan and height on the serif angle errors’ are obtained. The author considers the practical issues of using the developed methodological apparatus to justify the solutions related to the assessment of the ratio between the errors in determining the plane coordinates and the heights of terrain points from stereo images.

The prevalence and content of police discipline matrices

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 788-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Harris ◽  
Kristen Chierus ◽  
Timothy C. Edson
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Police Departments ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Content Type ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to determine the prevalence of the use of discipline matrices across large US police departments, as well as to compare the structure and content of such matrices. Design/methodology/approach – The study employs a two phase approach. Phase I consisted of a brief online survey of a stratified, random sample of police departments with 100 or more sworn police officers and asked about whether or not the agency employed a discipline matrix. Phase II consisted of requesting a copy of the matrix and corresponding materials from all agencies who indicated they employed a matrix, and analyzing the content of those matrices. Findings – In total, 37 percent of responding agencies said they are using or are planning a discipline matrix, and the authors obtained a matrix from 32 police departments. The structure of the matrices and recommended discipline varied widely across these departments, indicating a lack of consensus on the development of this relatively new accountability tool. Research limitations/implications – The survey focussed on large police departments and the response rate was somewhat lower than other past national surveys. Practical implications – Discipline matrices are employed to a greater extent than is implied by the current research literature. The lack of consensus and variability in policies around matrices indicates a need for more research which could contribute toward the formation of a model policy in this regard. Originality/value – To date the prevalence of discipline matrices across US police departments was unknown, and very little was known about how they were structured or what comprised their content.

scholarly journals Diffraction of the field of vertical electric dipole on the spiral conductive sphere in the presence of a cone

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hilbert Space ◽  
Electric Dipole ◽  
Infinite System ◽  
Matrix Operator ◽  
Algebraic Equations ◽  
Problem Statement ◽  
Vertical Electric Dipole ◽  
Linear Algebraic Equations ◽  
Method Of Regularization ◽  
The Matrix

The problem of diffraction of a vertical electric dipole field on a spiral conductive sphere and a cone has been solved. By the method of regularization of the matrix operator of the problem, an infinite system of linear algebraic equations of the second kind with a compact matrix operator in Hilbert space $\ell_2$ is obtained. Some limiting variants of the problem statement are considered.

scholarly journals Laser Scanning Based Object Detection to Realize Digital Blank Shadows for Autonomous Process Planning in Machining

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Berend Denkena ◽  
Marcel Wichmann ◽  
Klaas Maximilian Heide ◽  
René Räker
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Scan Paths ◽  
Interference Signals ◽  
Aided Design

The automated process chain of an unmanned production system is a distinct challenge in the technical state of the art. In particular, accurate and fast raw-part recognition is a current problem in small-batch production. This publication proposes a method for automatic optical raw-part detection to generate a digital blank shadow, which is applied for adapted CAD/CAM (computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing) planning. Thereby, a laser-triangulation sensor is integrated into the machine tool. For an automatic raw-part detection and a workpiece origin definition, a dedicated algorithm for creating a digital blank shadow is introduced. The algorithm generates adaptive scan paths, merges laser lines and machine axis data, filters interference signals, and identifies part edges and surfaces according to a point cloud. Furthermore, a dedicated software system is introduced to investigate the created approach. This method is integrated into a CAD/CAM system, with customized software libraries for communication with the CNC (computer numerical control) machine. The results of this study show that the applied method can identify the positions, dimensions, and shapes of different raw parts autonomously, with deviations less than 1 mm, in 2.5 min. Moreover, the measurement and process data can be transferred without errors to different hardware and software systems. It was found that the proposed approach can be applied for rough raw-part detection, and in combination with a touch probe for accurate detection.

scholarly journals Method of calculation of energy characteristics heat turbines taking into account the economy of the low pressure flow part

Vestnik IGEU ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
K.N. Bubnov ◽  
A.E. Barochkin ◽  
V.P. Zhukov ◽  
G.V. Ledukhovsky
Keyword(s):  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Reasonable Accuracy ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Pressure Flow ◽  
Energy Characteristics ◽  
Network Water ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Flow Part ◽  
Efficiency Indicators

Thermal power plants require regular review of regulatory energy performance. Data sources for this can be the results of thermal tests or typical energy characteristics of units. The first way is costly, the second only partially allows taking into account the technical condition of the equipment. An urgent task is to develop a methodology for constructing energy characteristics that would make it possible to solve this problem with reasonable accuracy and using minimal resources. Such conditions are met by the existing methodology for determining the energy characteristics of turbines which is based on the methodology of matrix formalization of the calculation of energy-mass-exchange plants. The technique has been tested in relation to turbines with one-stage heat recovery. The aim of this study is to increase the accuracy of the calculation using the developed methodology for the energy characteristics of turbines with two-stage heat recovery. The turbine installation is simulated within the framework of the matrix formalization methodology using the equations of mass and energy balances solved by mathematical programming methods. The energy charac-teristics of the equipment are determined in accordance with the existing regulatory approach. The methodology for determining the energy characteristics of turbine plants developed in the framework of the matrix formalization meth-odology has been extended to the case of calculating steam turbines with two-stage heating selection by taking into account the dependence of the efficiency indicators of the low-pressure flow part on the position of the control diaphragm for different modes of heating network water. The results of test calculations with reasonable accuracy coincided with the energy characteristics of the operating turbine. For modes with one- and two-stage heating of network water, it is advisable to use different methods of accounting for the efficiency indicators of the low-pressure flow part. In this case, the introduction of the dependence of the internal relative efficiency of the low pressure part on the relative volumetric steam flow into the model for the regime with two-stage heating of network water allows achieving accuracy acceptable for solving practical problems.

What am I seen – who do I seem? Hidden discursive processes in the large group of a TC

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsolt Zalka
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Content Analysis Method ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Linguistic Methods ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of the paper is to present a possible way of discourse analysis of the meaning giving processes in a therapeutic community (TC). Design/methodology/approach Presentation of a research project, which aim is to analyse the attitudes towards the large group within the TC, is based on analysing the conceptual metaphors in semi-structured interviews. Findings The findings delineate a possible discourse, namely, the TC’s hidden discourse of working through the mirror-transference at the community level. Practical implications The paper proposes a possible content analysis method for better understanding the deep processes of the TC by examining the large group. Social implications The paper emphasizes the matrix of a TC as a mentalizing scene. Originality/value The use of linguistic methods in understanding the hidden community level mentalizing processes.

scholarly journals Die kulturele en praktiese waarde van inheemse kennis oor plantgebruike in die 21ste eeu

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben-Erik Van Wyk
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Cultural Implications ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Northern Cape ◽  
Practical Implications

Critics of ethnobotanical research may ask the question what the relevance is of documenting the indigenous knowledge of different cultural groups. This article focuses on the value and advantages of ethnobotanical research in the 21st century. The context is quantitative ethnobotanical surveys conducted in South Africa in recent years. For the discussion of the Matrix Method that was developed by Van Wyk and De Beer, reference is made to such surveys in the Hantam, Calvinia district in the Northern Cape, and the Kamiesberg in Namaqualand. The practical implications of ethnobotanical studies are discussed, specifically referring to legal aspects and issues of intellectual property rights. The affordances of ethnobotanical research are then considered, in (1) the development and commercialisation of products; (2) the empowerment of members of the community and the role of eco-tourism in socio-economic development, and (3) education. The cultural implications of ethnobotany is discussed next, such as found in (4) the arts, (5) music, (6) cuisine, (7) writing and poetry, (8) onomastics (the origin of place names – with the name ‘Hantam’ as specific example). Lastly, the focus is on a marginalised and often neglected aspect of ethnobotanical research, namely the magical uses of charm plants.

scholarly journals The Power-weakness Ratios (PWR) as a Journal Indicator: Testing the “Tournaments” Metaphor in Citation Impact Studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loet Leydesdorff ◽  
Wouter de Nooy ◽  
Lutz Bornmann
Keyword(s):  
Information Science ◽  
Recursive Algorithm ◽  
Citation Impact ◽  
Library And Information Science ◽  
Impact Indicator ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Citation Matrix ◽  
Journal Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

AbstractPurposeRamanujacharyulu developed the Power-weakness Ratio (PWR) for scoring tournaments. The PWR algorithm has been advocated (and used) for measuring the impact of journals. We show how such a newly proposed indicator can empirically be tested.Design/methodology/approachPWR values can be found by recursively multiplying the citation matrix by itself until convergence is reached in both the cited and citing dimensions; the quotient of these two values is defined as PWR. We study the effectiveness of PWR using journal ecosystems drawn from the Library and Information Science (LIS) set of the Web of Science (83 journals) as an example. Pajek is used to compute PWRs for the full set, and Excel for the computation in the case of the two smaller sub-graphs: (1) JASIST+ the seven journals that cite JASIST more than 100 times in 2012; and (2) MIS Quart+ the nine journals citing this journal to the same extent.FindingsA test using the set of 83 journals converged, but did not provide interpretable results. Further decomposition of this set into homogeneous sub-graphs shows that—like most other journal indicators—PWR can perhaps be used within homogeneous sets, but not across citation communities. We conclude that PWR does not work as a journal impact indicator; journal impact, for example, is not a tournament.Research limitationsJournals that are not represented on the “citing” dimension of the matrix-for example, because they no longer appear, but are still registered as “cited” (e.g. ARIST)-distort the PWR ranking because of zeros or very low values in the denominator.Practical implicationsThe association of “cited” with “power” and “citing” with “weakness” can be considered as a metaphor. In our opinion, referencing is an actor category and can be studied in terms of behavior, whereas “citedness” is a property of a document with an expected dynamics very different from that of “citing.” From this perspective, the PWR model is not valid as a journal indicator.Originality/valueArguments for using PWR are: (1) its symmetrical handling of the rows and columns in the asymmetrical citation matrix, (2) its recursive algorithm, and (3) its mathematical elegance. In this study, PWR is discussed and critically assessed.

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