scholarly journals Ways to improve the efficiency of automatic control systems of pressing current collectors for railway service of high speeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
A. S. GOLUBKOV ◽  
O. A. SIDOROV ◽  
S. N. SMERDIN
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Control ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Current Collector ◽  
Pneumatic Cylinder ◽  
Current Collection ◽  
Automatic Control Systems ◽  
High Speeds

One of the limiting factors in increasing train speeds on railway transport is the quality of current collection. With increasing operation speeds, the dynamic loads on the current collector from the rolling stock increase and the aerodynamic impact increases as well, which leads to an increase in the variation of the contact pressure, tearing off the current collector from the contact wire, arcing in contact and increased wear of the contact elements. A promising direction in addressing this issue is the use of automatic control systems, allowing to stabilize the amount of contact pressure. The article discusses the features of modern automatic control systems for pressing current collectors, its main disadvantages are indicated. Authors proposed new automatic control circuit for pressing a current collector, characterized by increased speed. A mathematical model of a current collector equipped with a high-speed automatic pressure control system is described. The results of the calculation of the parameters of the high-speed control system are presented, showing the possibility of its use in order to reduce the spread of the contact pressure of the current collector and improve the quality of the current collection at high speeds. Analysis of the characteristics of the transfer functions of the regulator shows that the application of the PI controller algorithm is effective for stabilizing the contact pressure. Since the rod length of the pneumatic cylinder is limited, the regulator is able to maintain pressure for a limited time, after which the rod must be returned to its original position. The speed of the rod is limited by the characteristics of the actuator (electric motor). These features cause a significant variation in system parameters, such as the time constant and the duration of maintaining a stable depression, depending on the values of the controller coefficients kp and ki, which should be set taking into account the parameters of the current collector, operating conditions and type of contact suspension. For the considered current collector model, the optimal values of the controller coefficients are kp = 1.5 and ki= 1.0. Results of the calculations showed that the use of a rapid regulator based on a pneumatic cylinder in the carriage design reduces the standard deviation of the contact pressure to 37 % at speeds of up to 260 km/h.

scholarly journals Increasing the forecasting fidelity of current collection system operating capability by means of contact pressure simulation modelling

2020 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 03003
Author(s):  
Anton Golubkov ◽  
Gleb Ermachkov ◽  
Aleksandr Smerdin ◽  
Oleg Sidorov ◽  
Victor Philippov
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Control ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Current Collector ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Contact Wire ◽  
Current Collection ◽  
Automatic Control Systems ◽  
The Impact

Current collection quality is one of the limiting factors when increasing trains movement speed in the rail sector. With the movement speed growth, the impact forces on the current collector from the rolling stock and the aerodynamic influence increase, which leads to the spread in the contact pressure values, separation of the current collector head from the contact wire, contact arcing and excessive wear of the contact elements. The upcoming trend in resolving this issue is the use of the automatic control systems providing stabilization of the contact pressure value. The present paper considers the features of the contemporary automatic control systems of the current collector’s pressure; their major disadvantages have been stated. A scheme of current collector pressure automatic control has been proposed, distinguished by a proactive influence on undesirable effects. A mathematical model of contact strips wearing has been presented, obtained in accordance with the provisions of the central composition rotatable design program. The analysis of the obtained dependencies has been carried out. The procedures for determining the optimal current collector pressure on the contact wire and the pressure control principle in the pneumatic drive have been described.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Boiler Controllers of the Automatic Power Control System of Power Units

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-235
Author(s):  
G. T. Kulakov ◽  
K. I. Artsiomenka
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Power Control ◽  
Automatic Control ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Power Unit ◽  
Power Controller ◽  
Automatic Control Systems ◽  
Automatic Power Control

The article concerns the problem of structure-and-parametric optimization of a cascade automatic control system (CACS) by an example of a boiler power controller and a fuel controller. This CACS, which is a part of automatic control systems for power units, consists of two loops, viz. of an inner loop (which purpose is stabilization of the system) and an outer loop (designed for the adjustment) and, also, of two controller, viz. an outer controller (which is a basic one) provided for stabilization of the output value of the object (in our case, of the actual power unit capacity) and of an inner controller (which is an auxiliary one) provided to regulate fuel consumption. The internal controller builds up the control action with the aid of the boiler load controller of the power unit. As compared to single-loop automatic control systems, the cascade  system provides better quality of transient control due to the higher performance of the internal loop of the system. This advantage is especially noticeable when compensating for disturbances that come through the channel of regulating impact. The article presents two methods of setting, viz. the fuel controller and the boiler power controller. The application of these methods can improve the quality of power control and reduce fuel consumption in transient modes in comparison with the setting of these controllers of a typical power unit automatic power control system. The results of computer simulation of transient processes in CACS for input step surge and internal perturbation confirm the advantages of the methods are presented in this article.

MODERNIZATION OF TUNNEL KILN FOR CERAMIC BRICKS CALCINATION LLC «METEKHIS CERAMICS» (GEORGIA)

2017 ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
A.I. Torchinskij ◽  
A.Yu. Ljashko ◽  
Z. Chichua
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Control ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Tunnel Kiln ◽  
Engineering Equipment ◽  
Automatic Control Systems ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Manufactured Products ◽  
Aerodynamic Parameters ◽  
Firing Ceramic

Gas-burning devices of SG Series and the system of automatic control of firing ceramic bricks for the tunnel kiln by production of Gas Institute of NAS of Ukraine were mounted at the enterprise LLC «Metekhis ceramics» (Georgia. The analysis of the design features of this type of furnaces was made by the Bulgarian project. The advantages and disadvantages caused by outdated thermal equipment and the lack of aerodynamic parameters of automatic control systems are also considered. The fundamental scheme of the kiln is designed with a new thermo-heating engineering equipment and automatics for thermal and aerodynamic modes regulation The influence of new heating engineering equipment and automatics is considered for the quality of manufactured products, kiln productivity and natural gas specific consumption. Bibl. 5, Fig. 2

scholarly journals USE OF VISUAL PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE FOR SIMULATION OF DYNAMIC SYSTEMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 295 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
Tetiana ROMANENKO ◽  
◽  
Nataliia RUSINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Control ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Linear Systems ◽  
Programming Language ◽  
Dynamic Systems ◽  
Control Object ◽  
Visual Programming ◽  
Automatic Control Systems ◽  
Visual Programming Language

The article presents examples of research of typical links of linear systems and construction and study of transient functions, namely: research of influence of parameters of elements of systems of automatic control of its quality. Programs for automatic control are developing rapidly, the main areas of which are related to the optimization of technological processes and robotics. This encourages the introduction into modern production of high-precision digital systems with more extensive use of computer systems. In the simulation process, there is often a need to carefully select and apply real objects to study the quality of automatic control systems. This can be achieved by using a visual programming language for modeling dynamic systems and designing VisSim. The connection of parameters of automatic control systems with indicators of its quality is investigated: by definition of error coefficient; research of influence of a constant time of a forcing link on quality of automatic control systems by the method of compensation of the part in the main inertia of the control object, for the use of the forcing link. As a result, of research graphic dependences of quality of linear systems of automatic control, research of influence of a constant of time of a forcing link on its quality, carrying out identification of the regulator and object of management of systems of automatic control are received. Studies of the process of modeling dynamic systems were visually presented using the visual programming language VisSim. In particular, by creating virtual laboratory stands to study the quality of different modes of automatic control systems in relation to the performance of signal generators and the calculation of the necessary parameters of the study.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF STRUCTURAL SCHEMES AND OPERATION ALGORITHMS FOR THE AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM OF A MULTIFUNCTIONAL ENERGY COMPLEX

2021 ◽  
Vol 445 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-90
Author(s):  
G. Kalimbetov ◽  
A. Toigozhinovа ◽  
W. Wojcik
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Automatic Control ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Dynamic Control ◽  
Control Object ◽  
Control Device ◽  
Automatic Control Systems ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Quality Of Control

Among the promising automatic control systems, logical-dynamic control systems that change both the structure and parameters of the control device using switches formed on the basis of a certain logical algorithm have proven themselves well. The use of logical algorithms as part of MACS subsystems for complex technical objects makes it possible to increase the static and dynamic accuracy of control due to purposeful qualitative and quantitative changes in the control signal. This approach will give the control system fundamentally new properties that allow to fully take into account the nature and dynamics of the movement of the control object. When developing existing logical control algorithms, the issues of their application for multi-connected and multifunctional objects control were not considered. Common to existing logical algorithms is that when switching the structure and/or changing parameters, only the dynamics of its own subsystem is taken into account, which is unacceptable in the case of multi-connected dynamic object control, since cross-links have a significant impact on the quality of control. Thus, the problem of synthesis of logical algorithms for multi-connected objects control is an actual theoretical and applied problem. Despite the considerable amount of research conducted in this area, the application of logical algorithms for complex multidimensional objects control is not sufficiently considered, and there is no unified design concept for this type of MACS, taking into account the required quality of functioning in various operating modes. In this regard, there is a need to synthesize algorithms for logical multi-connected control that form control signals in order to coordinate the actions of all separate MACS subsystems in accordance with new external conditions and operating modes. The problem under consideration determined the purpose of this work and the research objectives.

scholarly journals REFINEMENT OF THE REDUCED CHARACTERISTICS OF CENTRIFUGAL BLOWERS IN THEIR ANALYTICAL FORM

2018 ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
S. I. Perevoschikov
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Automatic Control ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Analytical Form ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Automatic Control Systems ◽  
Pipe Line

The article describes methods of simplified and refined correction of the reduced characteristics of centrifugal blowers of natural gas in their analytical form. The correction is carried out with the aim to improve the quality of the translation characteristics from the graphics view to the ana-lytic, where they can be used in automatic control systems of technological processes in gas pipe-line systems.

scholarly journals ШВИДКИЙ АЛГОРИТМ АДАПТАЦІЇ ПІ- РЕГУЛЯТОРА

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Д. А. Шумигай ◽  
А. П. Ладанюк ◽  
Я. В. Смітюх
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Control ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Stability Margin ◽  
Adaptation Algorithm ◽  
Automated Control ◽  
Industrial Control Systems ◽  
Automatic Control Systems ◽  
Improved Accuracy

Quality of the automatic control is the basis of economic effect of industrial control systems. The appropriate regulator settings should be found to improve the quality of automated control systems, but improved accuracy results in the reduction of stability margin, that’s why operators try to reduce setttings in complex systems (ie, set the "weak setting"),so the system could worke in all modes. Controller’s "low (all-mode) tuning" is the main disadvantage of existing control systems, which reduces profits. Frequent changes of plant parameters are the prime cause of low quality tuning and reduced efficiency of control systems. These changes are caused by changeable mode of plants, loop interdependence in multidimensional systems. In terms of operating the only one way is to ease settings, achieving reduction of loop interdependence, ensuring adequate stability margin in all possible modes of operation. The quality of work with such tuning is obviously worse and the profit is less. The article presents possible approaches that can increase the efficiency of automatic control systems and describes the adaptation algorithm for PI controller based on an analysis of statistical data.

scholarly journals ОЦІНКА ЕНЕРГОЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ СИСТЕМ КЕРУВАННЯ МОТОР-КОМПРЕСОРОМ ПОБУТОВОГО ХОЛОДИЛЬНИКА

2021 ◽  
Vol 146 (3) ◽  
pp. 58-68
Author(s):  
А. С. Лаженко ◽  
Т. Я. Біла
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Control ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Temperature Control ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Energy Losses ◽  
Maximum Deviation ◽  
Automatic Control Systems ◽  
Cycle Simulation

Determining the rational structure of the automatic control system of the motor-compressor, which provides minimal energy losses when switching on and going to a steady state mode of operation of a household refrigerator. The methods of simulation modeling, comparative analysis, research of control systems and the main provisions of technical thermodynamics and the theory of automatic control are used in the work. The paper considers the principle of operation of the refrigeration unit of a household refrigerator, schematically shows its main elements and the relationship with the steam compression cycle. Simulation models of automatic control systems based on proportional-integral-differential controller, fuzzy and hybrid controllers have been developed. The proposed models allow to evaluate the quality of temperature control in the refrigeration compartment and to determine energy losses during transients. The results of computer simulation of transients in temperature control systems due to changes in the performance of the motor-compressor and the obtained values of power losses are presented. It is established that the smallest losses of the electric power at instant increase of heat inflows in refrigerating department occur at application of a fuzzy regulator. It is determined that the use of fuzzy controllers in automatic control systems reduces the duration of transients, the time of the first negotiation, the number of oscillations, but leads to static error and increases the maximum deviation from the set temperature in the refrigerator compartment. Simulation models of control systems of the motor-compressor of a household refrigerator for assessment of quality of regulation and definition of losses of the electric power during transient processes are developed. The ways to increase the energy efficiency of household refrigerators through the introduction of control systems with fuzzy regulators are proposed.

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