scholarly journals DEFINITION OF EARTHQUAKE FOCUS COORDINATES USING A COMBINED METHOD

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-125
Author(s):  
T. G. Aslanov
Keyword(s):  
Combined Method ◽  
Earthquake Focus ◽  
Definition Of

scholarly journals Development of a method for improving the accuracy of measurement of linear measures of 3D models via scanning

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2(62)) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Kvasnikov ◽  
Dmytro Ornatskyi ◽  
Valerii Dostavalov
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Combined Method ◽  
Linear Dimensions ◽  
Photogrammetric Method ◽  
Real Size ◽  
Definition Of

The object of research is to refine the linear sizes of the obtained 3D models via scanning, and reducing the numbers of errors when obtaining the model. For now, there is no accuracy method for transferring the actual sizes of an object to a 3D model. One of the most problematic places in the existing methods of transferring sizes from the object to the model is the error in the placement of dimensional markers due to inaccuracy, or poor quality of the received surface via scanning. A model of the instrument complex is used to implement an improved method of 3D scanning, based on the photogrammetric method. The advanced technology of construction and measurement of 3D models on the basis of photos on the principle of stereo pairs in combination with image projection is based on a combination of existing scanning methods. As well as the introduction of new functionalities, such as maintaining the actual sizes of an object, its textures, color and light characteristics, as well as improving the accuracy of linear sizes. As a result of the use of a standard, reference projections, and a new method of comparing photographs to build a 3D model, a 60 % increase in the accuracy of linear dimensions was achieved. This is due to the fact that the proposed new combined method incorporates all the existing most important aspects of scanning. And also has a number of features, such as the definition of boundary surfaces, automatic sizing, detection, and processing of glass and mirror surfaces. Due to this, this method eliminates the main disadvantages of the usual photogrammetric method – inaccuracies in the surface quality of the models, and inaccuracies in the transfer of linear dimensions. It is estimated that the combined method will allow to transfer the real size of simple objects in 3D with an accuracy of 99.97 % of the actual size of the object. It will also improve the quality of complex surfaces (boundary, glass, mirror) by at least 40–60 %, compared to other existing methods.

scholarly journals Contributing to the ICNP®: validating the term cultural diversity

Curationis ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Geyer ◽  
MD Peu ◽  
S Roussouw ◽  
J Morudi ◽  
E Uys
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Cultural Diversity ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Combined Method ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Philosophical Perspective ◽  
International Council ◽  
Evaluation Committee ◽  
Definition Of

The specific aims of this study were to: • Propose a definition of the term cultural diversity; • Validate the term cultural diversity; and • Submit a term and definition for international utilisation to the International Council of Nurses (ICN) for consideration for inclusion in the ICNP®. Background South Africa was one of four African countries (Botswana, South Africa. Swaziland, and Zimbabwe) funded by the WK Kellogg Foundation to participate in the ICNP® project. South Africa had 2 research groups. One of the research groups identified the term cultural diversity to define. Method This was a qualitative study where a philosophical perspective was used to explore, explain and describe nursing practice. The combined method proposed by the International Council of Nurses (ICN) was utilised to define and validate the term cultural diversity. Findings Validation and literature review provided sufficient support for the defined characteristics and the term was finally defined and submitted to ICN in November 2002 as: CULTURAL DIVERSITY is a type of CULTURE with the specific characteristics: co-existence of different groups, e.g. ethnic, religious, linguistic and other groups each with their own values and belief systems, traditions and different lifestyles. Conclusion The research group was informed in December 2003 of the ICNP® Evaluation Committee recommendation that the term cultural diversity will be included in the ICNP®.

INVESTIGATION OF COMBINED METHOD USE FOR COPPER AND ALUMINUM ALLOY PROCESSING

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (11) ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
Vitaliy Inozemtsev
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Combined Method ◽  
Friction Forces ◽  
Investigation Methods ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Surface Layer Quality ◽  
Complex Methods

The work purpose: the investigation of obtaining by a surface the required properties and possibility degree to control shaping processes. It is well-known that a shaping process is affected by many factors particularly at complex methods of processing. The analysis of machining condition impact upon surface layer quality of parts allows defining optimum parameters of cutting and increasing parts operation characteristics. Investigation methods: theory, experimental researches, statistical processing of results, mathematical modeling, analysis. Research results: there are defined criteria of surface quality at complex methods of shaping, roles of factors included in processing, mathematical models are formed, recommendations are formulated. Novelty: it consists in the definition of regularities in pore covering at metal ceramic finish machining and definition of processing conditions impact upon pore covering, and also in the definition of efficient conditions of aluminum alloy finishing at the combined method of shaping. Conclusions: as the investigations carried out show the combined methods of impact upon a surface at parts shaping allow reducing also cutter wear, minimizing collateral processing factors connected with heat generation, with increased friction forces and surface layer deformation of a billet at its processing. The combination of machining with electro-chemical processing allows not only having an influence considerable upon surface quality increase, but decreasing technological residual stresses and also contributing to the restoration of mechanical and physical properties of metal surfaces after electro-erosion processing at the expense of surface micro-layer elimination with the acquired thermal changes of structures.

scholarly journals PREDICTIVE DEFINITION OF THE SEVERITY OF CLOSED CHEST AND ABDOMINAL TRAUMA CAUSED BY SHOTS FROM 12-GAUGE "FORT-500" RIFLES WITH SHOCK-TRAUMATIC BULLETS OF "TEREN-12P" CARTRIDGES

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
O.M. Hurov ◽  
V.V. Sapielkin ◽  
V.V. Shcherbak ◽  
D.B. Hladkykh ◽  
D.O. Lys
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Blunt Injury ◽  
Initial Speed ◽  
Combined Method ◽  
Closed Chest ◽  
Speed Range ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Firing Distance

Objective – the predictive definition of the severity of closed chest and abdominal traumaaccording to the reduced AIS injury scale when firing at various distances from "Fort-500" rifles with shock-traumatic bullets of "Teren-12P" cartridges, depending on theirballistic and energetic characteristics in contact with the human body.Material and methods. To establish the speed of bullets of cartridges "Teren-12P" atvarious distances of the shot in the conditions of KhNSC «Hon. Prof. M. S. BokariusForensic Science Institute» experimental shots from the "Fort-500A" and "Fort-500M1"pump-action guns were conducted. In total, two series of 25 shots were fired from eachgun. The values of the velocities of the bullets at the moment of the firing were measuredusing optoelectronic complexes. The determination of the parameters of the trajectory ofthe flight of bullets was carried out by a combined method by means of calculations basedon the results of experimental shots. The obtained data were processed using licensedMicrosoft Excel spreadsheets.Results. According to the research results, it has been found that the ballistic coefficient of the bullet of the "Teren-12P" cartridge is 47.3 kg/m2. This made it possible to determinethe ranges of minimum and maximum speeds of bullets at different shooting distances.Analysis of the data showed that in some cases the speed of bullets at a distance of 3.5m significantly exceeded the speed range declared by the manufacturer of the cartridges.According to the calculated values, according to the literature data, the graphs of thedistribution of the BC blunt injury criterion and the reduced AIS damage scale wereplotted depending on the distance of the shot for the minimum and maximum bullet speedsof the "Teren-12P" cartridges. According to the graphs, when the "Teren-12P" bulletsare fired at their maximum speeds, there is a 50% risk of a closed chest and abdominalinjury according to AIS -2 – AIS-3 at all distances up to 50 m. Even at minimum bulletspeeds cartridges "Teren-12P" there is a 50% risk of formation of a closed abdominaltrauma according to AIS-2 – AIS-3 with shots from a distance of up to 40 m, and chestinjuries – up to 30 m. Closed trauma to these areas of the body according to AIS-4 can bepredictably caused by shots from a distance of up to 10 m.Conclusions. A significant range of variability in the initial speeds of elastic bullets canlead to an incorrect expert estimate of the firing distance due to the fact that similargunshot wounds can be caused by both a bullet with a high initial speed from a longrange of a shot and a bullet with a low initial speed from a close firing distance. Whenthe "Teren-12P" bullets are fired from "Fort-500" rifles, there is a 50 % risk of a closedchest and abdominal injury according to AIS -2 – AIS-3 at all shooting distances up to50 m. Chest and abdominal injuries according to AIS -4 can be predictably caused whenfired from distances up to 10 m. The results obtained can be used in carrying out complexforensic examinations in cases of the use of "Teren-12P" cartridges.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF ERROR DISTRIBUTION DENSITY IN DETERMINING THE COORDINATES OF EARTHING EARTH IN THE METHODS OF SPHERES AND ELLIPSOIDS

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
T. G. Aslanov ◽  
U. A. Musaeva
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Cauchy Distribution ◽  
Error Distribution ◽  
Combined Method ◽  
Earthquake Focus ◽  
Ellipsoid Method ◽  
Earthquake Hypocenter ◽  
Error Probabilities ◽  
Method Of Ellipsoids

Objectives The purpose of the study is to obtain an expression for determining the coordinates of the earthquake focus using the ellipsoid method, as well as testing the possibility of using the method using the figures of the second order of the ellipsoid during the initial determination of the coordinates of the earthquake hypocenter.Method A comparative analysis of the probability density of errors in the hypocentral zone of the earth's surface, in combination with various spheres, ellipsoid and hyperboloid and ellipsoids, is carried out.Result Obtained an expression for determining the coordinates of the earthquake focus by the method of ellipsoids, as well as the density of the distribution of error probabilities in the determination of the earthquake hypocenter the in calculations by the method of spheres, by the combined method of spheres, hyperboloid and ellipsoid, and also by the method of ellipsoids.Conclusion Methods used to determine the coordinates of the hypocenter ellipsoid, have large errors in comparison with the method of areas. This can explained by the fact that in determining the coordinates of the hypocenter in the sphere method, three errors are used in determining the difference in the travel times of seismic waves, while in the ellipsoid method and the combined method of the sphere of the ellipsoid and hyperboloid have four errors, which introduces final errors in the distribution. All the obtained dependences of the error distribution have the form close to the Cauchy distribution. 

Introductory paper

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 3-5
Author(s):  
W. W. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Line Intensity ◽  
Classification Scheme ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Spectral Classification ◽  
Dimensional Array ◽  
Rr Lyrae ◽  
Metallic Line ◽  
Introductory Paper ◽  
Parameter Varying ◽  
Definition Of

1. The definition of “normal” stars in spectral classification changes with time; at the time of the publication of theYerkes Spectral Atlasthe term “normal” was applied to stars whose spectra could be fitted smoothly into a two-dimensional array. Thus, at that time, weak-lined spectra (RR Lyrae and HD 140283) would have been considered peculiar. At the present time we would tend to classify such spectra as “normal”—in a more complicated classification scheme which would have a parameter varying with metallic-line intensity within a specific spectral subdivision.

2.2. Working Group 2: Conceptual Definitions of Reference Coordinate Systems for Earth Dynamics

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 21-26
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
Working Group ◽  
General Character ◽  
Coordinate Systems ◽  
Reference Coordinate System ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Earth Dynamics

An ideal definition of a reference coordinate system should meet the following general requirements:1. It should be as conceptually simple as possible, so its philosophy is well understood by the users.2. It should imply as few physical assumptions as possible. Wherever they are necessary, such assumptions should be of a very general character and, in particular, they should not be dependent upon astronomical and geophysical detailed theories.3. It should suggest a materialization that is dynamically stable and is accessible to observations with the required accuracy.

Symbiotic Stars at Optical, Infrared and Radio Wavelengths

1979 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 125-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Type Star ◽  
Stellar Systems ◽  
Symbiotic Stars ◽  
Lower Excitation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Original Type

No paper of this nature should begin without a definition of symbiotic stars. It was Paul Merrill who, borrowing on his botanical background, coined the termsymbioticto describe apparently single stellar systems which combine the TiO absorption of M giants (temperature regime ≲ 3500 K) with He II emission (temperature regime ≳ 100,000 K). He and Milton Humason had in 1932 first drawn attention to three such stars: AX Per, CI Cyg and RW Hya. At the conclusion of the Mount Wilson Ha emission survey nearly a dozen had been identified, and Z And had become their type star. The numbers slowly grew, as much because the definition widened to include lower-excitation specimens as because new examples of the original type were found. In 1970 Wackerling listed 30; this was the last compendium of symbiotic stars published.

Immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in positively stained frozen sections

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-169
Author(s):  
K. T. Tokuyasu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Frozen Sections ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ultrathin Frozen Sections ◽  
Definition Of

During the past investigations of immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in ultrathin frozen sections, we found that the degree of negative staining required to delineate u1trastructural details was often too dense for the recognition of ferritin particles. The quality of positive staining of ultrathin frozen sections, on the other hand, has generally been far inferior to that attainable in conventional plastic embedded sections, particularly in the definition of membranes. As we discussed before, a main cause of this difficulty seemed to be the vulnerability of frozen sections to the damaging effects of air-water surface tension at the time of drying of the sections.Indeed, we found that the quality of positive staining is greatly improved when positively stained frozen sections are protected against the effects of surface tension by embedding them in thin layers of mechanically stable materials at the time of drying (unpublished).

Initial Polymerization Sites Indicated During Mitochondrial Oxidation of Diaminobenzidine after Toluene Treatment

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 408-409
Author(s):  
W. A. Shannon ◽  
M. A. Matlib
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Permeability ◽  
Cytochrome Oxidase ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Precise Definition ◽  
Cytochemical Localization ◽  
Oxidative Reaction ◽  
Mitochondrial Oxidation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Exogenous Substrates

Numerous studies have dealt with the cytochemical localization of cytochrome oxidase via cytochrome c. More recent studies have dealt with indicating initial foci of this reaction by altering incubation pH (1) or postosmication procedure (2,3). The following study is an attempt to locate such foci by altering membrane permeability. It is thought that such alterations within the limits of maintaining morphological integrity of the membranes will ease the entry of exogenous substrates resulting in a much quicker oxidation and subsequently a more precise definition of the oxidative reaction.The diaminobenzidine (DAB) method of Seligman et al. (4) was used. Minced pieces of rat liver were incubated for 1 hr following toluene treatment (5,6). Experimental variations consisted of incubating fixed or unfixed tissues treated with toluene and unfixed tissues treated with toluene and subsequently fixed.

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