scholarly journals Зависимость свойств вариативных градиентно-пористых структур кремния от метода формирования

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 2308
Author(s):  
К.И. Рубцова ◽  
М.Д. Силина
Keyword(s):  
Porous Layer ◽  
Reflection Coefficients ◽  
Anode Current Density ◽  
Anode Current ◽  
Optical Spectrometry ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Silicon Structures ◽  
Absorption And Reflection Coefficients ◽  
Anode Etching ◽  
Crystallographic Orientations

A series of samples of gradient-porous silicon structures with crystallographic orientations (100) and (111) by deep anode etching was obtained. Dependences of the rate of deep anodic etching and the depth of the porous layer of the samples on the anode current density are shown. The absorption and reflection coefficients of the samples were investigated by optical spectrometry depending on their crystallographic orientation and the depth of the porous layer. The influence of water solutions on the optical properties of the samples was determined.

Influence of anode current density on carbon parasitic reactions during electrolysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongxiang Ma ◽  
Lang Zhao ◽  
Yu Yang ◽  
Liwen Hu ◽  
Shengfu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
Anode Current Density ◽  
Anode Current

scholarly journals Decreased beam divergence in proof-of-principle experiment for the light ion beam fusion facility PBFA II

1985 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Vandevender ◽  
J. A. Swegle ◽  
D. J. Johnson ◽  
K. W. Bieg ◽  
E. J. T. Burns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
Beam Divergence ◽  
Anode Current Density ◽  
Anode Current ◽  
Lithium Ions ◽  
Short Pulses ◽  
Proof Of Principle

The Proto-I experiment for a proof-of-principle experiment is described resulting in a beam divergence for ions of only 14mrad at 1·5 MV—420 KA operation and 6 KA/cm2 anode current density before focusing. This is a better beam divergence than required for Sandia National Laboratories' PBFA I and II installations, for which scaling is discussed. Ion source development is reported and the PBFA II experiment described for 30 MV operation with short pulses (10–15 nsec) of lithium ions. Pulses of 50 nsec width and 130 KJ energy have been achieved from the prototype module for PBFA II.

Further Studies of the Infrared Absorption of Rubber

1945 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
Dudley Williams ◽  
Brock Dale
Keyword(s):  
Reflection Coefficient ◽  
Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Infrared Absorption ◽  
Vibrational Frequency ◽  
Linear Extension ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Reflection Coefficients ◽  
Original Length ◽  
Absorption And Reflection Coefficients

Abstract The transmission spectrum of natural rubber has been studied in the region between 1µ and 15 µ and the effects of linear and radial stretch have been observed. Linear extension greater than 400 per cent of the original length produces an increase in the C—C vibrational frequency. Both linear and radial stretch produce an increase in absorption coefficient and a decrease in reflection coefficient. The changes in absorption and reflection coefficients are greatest at short wave-lengths.

scholarly journals Influence of water content of expanded clay on the reflection coefficient of electromagnetic shild

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
T. V. Borbot’ko ◽  
S. E. Savanovich
Keyword(s):  
Reflection Coefficient ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Electromagnetic Radiation ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Operating Frequency ◽  
Reflection Coefficients ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Operating Frequency Range ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
The Relationship

The regularities of the influence of the moisture content of expanded clay on the values of the reflection coefficient of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) of this material in the frequency range of 1–17 GHz have been established. The relationship between the size of fractions (pore size) of expanded clay and the operating frequency range of the EMR screen samples has been determined. It is shown that a twofold increase in the moisture content of expanded clay with fractions of 1…4 and 10…20 mm provides an extension of the operating frequency range of the EMR shield samples made on the basis of this material, with a decrease in the reflection coefficient of the test samples by 1.7 and 3 times, respectively. It was found that an increase in the moisture content of expanded clay from 19 to 40 % with a decrease in the size of its fractions from 10…20 to 1…4 mm and a pore size from 0.1…0.2 to 0.01…0.06 mm provides a decrease in the values of the reflection coefficient of EMR screen samples at frequencies of 7.7–17.0 GHz, and an increase in the size of expanded clay fractions from 1…4 to 10…20 mm with an increase in the size of its pores from 0.01…0.06 to 0.1…0.2 mm provides a decrease in the values of the reflection coefficient of EMR screen samples at frequencies of 1.0–7.7 GHz. It is shown that the practical use of these regularities makes it possible to form EMR screen samples with reflection coefficients from –2.8 to –22.0 dB in the frequency range 1–17 GHz, which makes it possible to recommend them for use when creating shielded rooms.

scholarly journals A new method for investigating conduction phenomena in semi-conductors

1936 ◽  
Vol 157 (890) ◽  
pp. 50-66 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
Unit Volume ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Anode Current Density ◽  
Anode Current ◽  
Gas Discharges ◽  
Positive Ions ◽  
Electron Current Density ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Langmuir has shown that in low pressure gas discharges, that part of the discharge usually referred to as the positive column consists of equal numbers of positive ions and electrons per unit volume, and to this portion he has given the name “plasma”. He has shown, moreover, that the current passing between cathode and anode is proportional only to the difference between the number of electrons passing in the direction of cathode to anode across 1 sq cm placed normally to the tube axis and the number of electrons passing across the same area in the opposite direction. The random electron current density is usually many times the anode current density. The electrons in the plasma have been shown by Langmuir to have a Maxwellian distribution of velocities and that they can therefore have ascribed to them a mean energy, V e , corresponding to a temperature T where, as in the kinetic theory of gases V e = 3/2 k T (1) or T = 2/3 × 1.59 × 10 -20 /1.37 × 10 -16 × 10 8 Kelvin degrees per volt = 7730°K per volt. In low pressure gas discharges T varies from 5000°K to 30,000°K or the mean energy of electrons expressed in electron volts varies from about 0.5 to 4 volts.

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