The Pressurization Effect of Smoke Movement on the Elevator Lobby

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsai Rong-Feng ◽  
Chang Hsuan-Ting ◽  
Chung Kee-Chiang ◽  
Chen Ou-Chia
Keyword(s):  
Smoke Movement

Numerical Study on Fire Smoke Movement in Elevator Shafts Under Piston Effect

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanqiu Chen ◽  
Lizhong Yang ◽  
Taolin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Study ◽  
Smoke Movement ◽  
Piston Effect ◽  
Fire Smoke

scholarly journals Smoke movement analysis in an inner corridor building with vents on the stairwell

2020 ◽  
Vol 510 ◽  
pp. 052097
Author(s):  
Xiaotao Zhang ◽  
Lingling Du ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Guihong Pei
Keyword(s):  
Movement Analysis ◽  
Smoke Movement

Analysis of the Coordination of Suppression and Ventilation in Multi-Family Dwellings

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Stakes ◽  
◽  
Keith Stakes ◽  
Julie Bryant ◽  
Nick Dow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fire Service ◽  
Service Research ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Living Room ◽  
Gas Flows ◽  
Water Application ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Smoke Movement ◽  
Family Structures ◽  
The Impact

The majority of the existing full-scale fire service research studied the impact of tactics on the residential fireground, specifically in single-family structures. This study builds upon prior research by conducting thirteen experiments in three-story, multi-family dwellings to quantify the impact of coordination between ventilation and suppression actions. Experiments were conducted in four, garden-style apartment buildings; each of which had two lower-level units, four first-floor units, and four second-floor units. The apartments shared a common stairwell that was enclosed for all of the experiments in this study. To examine the effectiveness of tactics in the fire apartment, common stairwell and applicable exposure apartments, four experiments were conducted in lower-level apartments, seven were conducted in first-floor apartments, and two were conducted in second-floor apartments including both bedroom and kitchen/living room fires. The fire size varied based on the amount of initial ventilation provided. The main control variables included the location of initial water application, the ventilation method, and the timing of ventilation relative to water application. The suppression tactics included interior water application, exterior water application followed by interior water application, and a combined interior and exterior water application. The ventilation tactics examined in these experiments included horizontal, vertical, positive pressure, and hydraulic ventilation. Similar to previous experiments in acquired single-family structures, there was no meaningful increase in temperature outside of fire rooms when ventilation tactics were executed in close coordination with (shortly after or shortly before) the onset of suppression. In contrast, for experiments where ventilation occurred with delayed suppression, temperature exposures increased throughout the fire apartment, and in experiments where the apartment door was left open, temperatures and carbon monoxide exposures increased throughout the common stairwell. Suppression actions, whether interior or exterior, resulted in a decrease in temperatures and gas concentrations at locations where occupants may potentially be located. The enclosed common stairwell, a unique feature of this experimental series, acted as capture of combustion products. Opening the apartment door to gain access should be thought of as an important ventilation action, both in terms of its potential to cause fire growth and its potential for smoke movement into the stairwell, limiting the egress for potentially trapped occupants in exposure units. Tactics such as door control, positive pressure ventilation, and hydraulic ventilation which were used both simultaneous with and sequentially post-suppression were shown to limit gas flows into the stairwell. After effective suppression, structure ventilation operations should similarly be cognizant of gas flows, with the aim of establishing flow throughout all areas where occupants may be located.

scholarly journals Investigation Of Fire-Induced Smoke Movement In Tunnels And Stations: An Application To The Paris Metro

1991 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 907-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean- Vantelon ◽  
A. Guelzim ◽  
D. Quach ◽  
D. Son ◽  
D. Gabay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoke Movement

Smoke Flow Control in Tunnels Using Natural Ventilation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark P. Colino ◽  
Elena B. Rosenstein
Keyword(s):  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Smoke Control ◽  
Smoke Movement ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Industry Standards ◽  
Emergency Ventilation ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
Smoke Control System ◽  
Ventilation Systems

This paper provides an overview of the design of natural ventilation systems to control smoke movement in rail tunnels. The paper discusses the current industry standards and design requirements for tunnel emergency ventilation systems, and then addresses the various technical elements that are used to design such systems. These technical elements include parameters in the direct control of the designer, as well as those that are beyond the control of the designer. The paper also presents a case study where various physical design elements are utilized to create a working natural ventilation smoke control system for a short rail tunnel.

Experimental study on temperature profile and smoke movement in a model-branched tunnel fire under longitudinal ventilation

2022 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 104324
Author(s):  
Dongyue Zhao ◽  
Changkun Chen ◽  
Peng Lei ◽  
Tong Xu ◽  
Weibing Jiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Temperature Profile ◽  
Smoke Movement ◽  
Tunnel Fire ◽  
Longitudinal Ventilation

Simulation and Modelling in Fire Safety

2020 ◽  
pp. 232-262
Author(s):  
Tomaz Hozjan ◽  
Kamila Kempna ◽  
Jan Smolka
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Fire Spread ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Smoke Movement ◽  
Fire Engineering ◽  
Limited Budget ◽  
Fire Scenarios ◽  
In Fire

Actual and future concerns in fire safety in buildings and infrastructure are challenging. Modern technologies provide rapid development in area of fire safety, especially in education, training, and fire-engineering. Modelling as a tool in fire-engineering provides possibility to design specific fire scenarios and investigate fire spread, smoke movement or evacuation of occupants from buildings. Development of emerging technologies and software provides higher possibility to apply these models with interactions of augmented and virtual reality. Augmented reality and virtual reality expand effectivity of training and preparedness of first (fire wardens) and second (firefighters) responders. Limitations such as financial demands, scale and scenarios of practical training of first and second responders are much lower than in virtual reality. These technologies provide great opportunities in preparedness to crisis in a safety way with significantly limited budget. Some of these systems are already developed and applied in safety and security area e.g. XVR (firefighting, medical service).

The Influence of Train on the Smoke Movement in Subway Tunnel with Longitudinal Ventilations

2016 ◽  
pp. 915-924
Author(s):  
Shaogang Zhang ◽  
Xudong Cheng ◽  
Ruifang Zhang ◽  
Kaiyuan Li ◽  
Song Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subway Tunnel ◽  
Smoke Movement
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