Drug Abuse and Eating Disorders: Prevention Implications

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. David Watts ◽  
Ann Marie Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Adolescent Females ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Drug And Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug And Alcohol ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Peer Factors ◽  
Eating Disorders Risk

This article explores the relationship between drug and alcohol abuse and eating disorders in a sample of adolescent females using a self-report methodology. An Eating Disorders Risk (EDR) Scale is adopted and correlated with drug and alcohol use, other forms of deviance, family and peer relationships, and depression. The findings support the concept of a generalized theory of addictions based on psychosocial, family, and peer factors. Family and peer prevention applications and a need for further research on the correlates of depression are discussed.

Evaluating the Association Between Psychopathy and Specific Attachment Models in Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-S16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elliott Christian ◽  
Martin Sellbom ◽  
Ross B. Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Current Investigation ◽  
Attachment Relationships ◽  
Specific Attachment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
General Community

In the current investigation, we examined the association between psychopathy and attachment styles in several specific attachment relationships (i.e., romantic, mother, father, friend). Data were collected online from a combination of Australian university and general community samples (N = 729, 53.50% female) using the Expanded Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy scale (Christian & Sellbom, 2016) and a modified version of the Experiences in Close Relationships Structures (Fraley, Heffernan, Vicary, & Brumbaugh, 2011). Our results revealed that specific attachment models tend to have small to moderate associations with the components of psychopathy, but that the strength and direction of these associations tends to differ between figures, components of psychopathy, and dimension of attachment considered. Interestingly, it appeared that peer relationships (i.e., romantic, friend) tended to account for the majority of the variance in the relationship between psychopathy and general attachment styles, which may be an important avenue for future research.

Correlation between Two Measures of Self-Esteem and Drug Use in a College Sample

1976 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 915-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garry M. Schaeffer ◽  
Marc A. Schuckit ◽  
Elizabeth R. Morrissey
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
College Sample ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Drug And Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug And Alcohol ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between drug and alcohol use and self-esteem was investigated using students living in a co-ed dormitory. A questionnaire was distributed containing four sections including demographic information, the Coopersmith Self-esteem Inventory (1967), an A Priori Identity Crisis scale, and a frequency of drug/alcohol use scale. 66% of the questionnaires were returned, yielding a sample of 171 males and 219 females. Heavy use of alcohol was related to low self-esteem. No relationship, however, was found between drug use and self-esteem. The relationship between drug and alcohol use and psychopathology is discussed as being a continuum.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Childhood Trauma, Eating Disorders, and Sleep Quality among Registered Hospital Nurses in South Korea

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 490
Author(s):  
Gyehyun Jung ◽  
Jihyun Oh
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hospital Nurses ◽  
The Relationship

This cross-sectional study examined the relationship between childhood trauma, eating disorders, and sleep quality among registered hospital nurses in South Korea. Self-report questionnaires were answered by 279 nurses from six general hospitals. Factors affecting sleep quality were analyzed with a linear regression analysis. The factors that influenced sleep quality included age, alcohol consumption, chronic disease, BMI, and emotional abuse in childhood trauma. Hospital nurses need to increase their sleep health knowledge to maintain a healthy lifestyle while working as a nurse. Therefore, hospital and nursing managers should consider strategies to prevent and intervene in the sleep quality threats attributed to the adverse childhood experiences of hospital nurses.

Distress Tolerance and Impulsivity Are Associated With Drug and Alcohol Use Consequences in an Online Community Sample

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren P. Greenberg ◽  
Sarah L. Martindale ◽  
Laura R. Fils-Aimé ◽  
Sara L. Dolan
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Distress Tolerance ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Substance Use Problems ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Drug And Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug And Alcohol ◽  
The Relationship

Impulsivity and distress tolerance (DT) have been implicated as key features in development and maintenance of substance use disorders. This study expanded on previous research by exploring the four factors of DT (Absorption, Appraisal, Regulation, Tolerance) and their interaction with impulsivity in relation to substance use. Participants were 105 men and 150 women who completed measures of impulsivity, DT, and substance use. Results indicated that Appraisal DT was a better predictor of substance use problems over and above overall DT or other DT factors. Mediation analysis indicated that Appraisal partially mediated the relationship between impulsivity and DT. Results suggest that DT, particularly Appraisal, plays a role in substance use problems, specifically in the relationship between impulsivity and substance use problems. Treatments emphasizing DT skills, particularly the appraisal of aversive emotions, may be useful to employ when attempting to reduce harmful drinking or drug use behaviors.

scholarly journals Use of Alcohol and Unprescribed Drugs after Suicide Bereavement: Qualitative Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (21) ◽  
pp. 4093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Eng ◽  
Lauren Drabwell ◽  
Fiona Stevenson ◽  
Michael King ◽  
David Osborn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Alcohol And Drugs ◽  
Suicide Bereavement ◽  
Drug And Alcohol Use ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Drug And Alcohol ◽  
The Relationship

Studies describing the impact of suicide bereavement report an excess risk of suicide, suicide attempt, psychiatric illness, and drug and alcohol use disorders compared with the general population. However, the nature of patterns of drug and alcohol use after suicide bereavement is unclear. We used an online survey to collect qualitative data to understand whether and how drug and alcohol use changes after suicide bereavement. We conducted thematic analysis of free-text responses to a question capturing their use of alcohol and drugs after the suicide of a family member or a close friend. Analysing data from 346 adults in Britain aged 18–40, we identified three main themes describing the relationship of suicide bereavement to alcohol or drug use: (1) control over drug or alcohol use, (2) the perceived purpose of using drugs or alcohol, and (3) the attribution of drug or alcohol misuse to external factors. Overlying these themes were dimensions of control and of awareness of potential harms. This study highlights that increased use of drugs and alcohol after suicide bereavement may form part of a bereaved person’s coping strategies, and that sensitive approaches are needed when judging whether and when to intervene.

scholarly journals Investigating the relationship of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and eating disorders in adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-11
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Khodabakhsh ◽  
Seyed Hesam Ahmadian Hoseini
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Self Report ◽  
World Health ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder which starts from childhood and early juvenility and can even continue until adolescence. It is noticeable with three factors: hyperactivity, attention inability, and Impulsivity. Researches have demonstrated that the main symptoms of ADHD is also present in patients diagnosed with eating disorders. The goal of the present study is to investigate the relationship of Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and eating disorders in adults.The present study is a correlational study with a cross sectional descriptive method. The sample contains of 150 people chosen from adults using random sampling method. All of the participants answered the Eating attitudes scale (Garner and Garfinkel, 1982) and the Adult ADHD self-report scale (world health organization, 1994). The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and Spearman correlation coefficient.Considering the result of current study it can be said that ADHD and Eating disorders are related to one another, because based on the evidence gathered, these two variables have similar neurobiological properties and clinical features, and thus ADHD has the ability of eating disorder occurrence anticipation.   Keyword: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Diet;  Eating disorder; Impulsivity

Adolescent Females and Body Image: Eating Disorders and Educational Implications

2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice A. Leroux ◽  
Maria Assunta Cuffaro
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Adolescent Females ◽  
School Networks ◽  
Life Threatening Illness ◽  
Educational Implications ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Research on females and body image points to the complex relationships among many factors. There is a dynamic interaction among culture, society, school networks and parents that impacts on the development of eating disorders infernales. What is the relationship of these factors to the psychological makeup of adolescent females with high academic ability? This paper will provide an overview of the internal and external predisposing factors that signal potential eating disorders infernales. It will outline the psychology of high ability females which places them at greater risk for the development of an eating disorder. It will provide recommendations for parents and teachers who want to recognize and help adolescent females deal with a potentially life-threatening illness.

scholarly journals The Mediator Effect of Personality on the Relationship Between Symptomatic Impairment and Treatment Outcome in Eating Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Muzi ◽  
Laura Tieghi ◽  
Anna Franco ◽  
Michele Rugo ◽  
Vittorio Lingiardi
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Therapy Outcome ◽  
Assessment Procedure ◽  
Personality Functioning ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
The Relationship

Features of personality disorders (PDs) have been found to explain meaningful variance in the onset, maintenance, and symptomatic presentation of eating disorders (EDs), and a co-occurent personality pathology is commonly associated with poorer response to ED treatment. The “pathoplasty model” of the relationship between personality and EDs implies that, once both conditions are established, they are likely to interact in ways that modify therapy outcome; however, to date, no studies have explored overall personality functioning, and especially PD clusters, as a mediator of treatment outcome. The present study aimed at conjointly exploring the associations between personality functioning and PDs, respectively, with pre-treatment ED symptomatic impairment and therapy outcome; and the mediating role of personality variables. At treatment onset, a sample of 107 women with ED problems were evaluated using both the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-5-CV) and the Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure-200 (SWAP-200)—a clinician-rated procedure to dimensionally assess personality. Participants were also asked to complete self-report questionnaires on overall ED symptomatology, symptoms of binge eating and purging behaviors, and therapy outcome. The findings showed that, over and above the categorical ED diagnosis, the SWAP-200 healthy personality functioning score mediated the relationship between baseline ED symptom severity and therapy outcome, as well as the association between baseline bulimic symptoms and treatment outcome; furthermore, SWAP-200 Cluster B PD scores mediated the link between baseline binge eating and purging symptoms and therapy outcome, whereas scores in Clusters A and C showed no significant effects. The findings suggest that personality-based outcome research may improve treatment effectiveness in this difficult-to-treat population.

scholarly journals Parental Attachment and Eating Behaviors in Late Adolescent Females

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 63-73
Author(s):  
Amber-Leigh Rush ◽  
Alice L. March
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Parental Attachment ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Adolescent Females ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Late Adolescents ◽  
Late Adolescent ◽  
Paternal Attachment ◽  
Unhealthy Eating ◽  
The Relationship

Females demonstrating unhealthy eating behaviors in early adolescence may continue to exhibit them in later years, yet there is little empirical research including late adolescents. Attachment theories suggest that adolescents with eating disorders demonstrate insecure attachments to parents. This non-experimental descriptive study in 249 late adolescent females examined the relationship between eating behaviors and parental attachment, and explored the relationship between selected demographic variables and parental attachment. Participants responded to an electronically collected survey of demographic variables, self-reported eating behaviors, and completed the Parent Attachment Questionnaire. Participants reporting healthy eating behaviors had higher scores on two of the three maternal scales, indicating a greater level of attachment. Significantly higher scores were found for two maternal and two paternal attachment scales for selected sociodemographic variables. Quantifying parental attachment in late adolescent females enhances understanding of eating disorders in this population and may help to identify issues important to address in therapy.

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