scholarly journals MYTHS, FACTS, PRECAUTIONS AND TREATMENT BASED ON KNOWLEDGE QUESTIONNAIRE (KQ-18) REGARDING HIV/AIDS AMONG MARRIED AND NEVER MARRIED ADULTS (25-35 YEARS) IN MUMBAI and THANE

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (37) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rege K. ◽  
Hah V. ◽  
Ingle H M. ◽  
Mallya S. ◽  
Qureshi J.
Keyword(s):  
Married Women ◽  
Hiv Treatment ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Never Married ◽  
Knowledge Questionnaire ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Married Men ◽  
High Knowledge ◽  
Hiv Aids

The lack of proper awareness and knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS may leave a large section of the population vulnerable to contract the disease. Correct knowledge and awareness regarding the disease is a general prerequisite for the prevention and control of HIV/AIDS. Inadequate knowledge, negative attitudes and risky practices are major hindrances to preventing the spread of HIV. The objective was to obtain the knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS on the basis of knowledge questionnaire (KQ-18) among married and never married men and women in Mumbai and Thane district of age 25-35 years. The sample consisted of 120 participants (30 married men, 30 married women, 30 never married men, and 30 never married women) ages 25-35 years. The tool was divided into 2 categories a) Proforma [18 introductory questions, such as gender family type] and b) Knowledge questionnaire [standardized tool of knowledge questionnaire (KQ-18) comprising of 18 items]. Results revealed that participants had high knowledge about symptoms i.e., having sex with more than one partner can increase person’s chance of being affected with HIV; treatment i.e., there is a vaccine that can stop adults from getting HIV, precaution i.e., a person can get HIV by sitting in a hot tub or a swimming pool with a person who has HIV. Astonishingly, participants had a very low knowledge about women getting HIV if she has anal sex with a man, taking a test for HIV one week after having sex will tell a person if she or he has HIV and a natural skin condom works better against HIV than does a latex condom in terms of symptoms, treatment and precautions respectively. These research findings led us to believe that there is a need to impart knowledge in relation to HIV/AIDS.

KNOWLEDGE AND AWARENESS OF HIV/AIDS AMONG MARRIED AND NEVER MARRIED ADULTS (25-35 YEARS) IN MUMBAI and THANE DISTRICT

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (36) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rege K. ◽  
Ingle H. ◽  
Mallya S. ◽  
Qureshi J. ◽  
Shah V.
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Family ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Night Sweat ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
The Body ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Never Married ◽  
Married Men ◽  
Hiv Aids

AIDS is an illness that damages a person‘s ability to fight off disease, leaving the body open to attack from ordinarily innocuous infections and some forms of cancers. AIDS is caused by a virus called HIV, which stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. This virus infects certain types of white blood cells. People infected with HIV may have no symptoms for ten or more years. They may not know they are infected. The objectives of the study was to ascertain the knowledge and awareness regarding HIV/AIDS in terms of: i) meaning ii) reasons iii) symptoms iv) precautions v) role of media vi) treatment and therapy vii) stigma and discrimination viii) challenges and strategies to overcome challenges among the age group of 25-35 years among married and never married males and females. The sample consisted of 120 participants (30 married men, 30 married women, 30 never married men, and 30 never married women) ages 25-35 years. Most of the participants belonged to nuclear family (49.2%) hailed from various religions, such as Hindu (48%); Jain (34.2%). Most participants were graduates (42%) and a few, post graduate (32%). More of the participants were professionals (28.3%) and a few in businesses (25%). The self-constructed tool was divided into two categories a) Proforma [18 introductory questions, such as gender family type] and b) knowledge and awareness related 9 items such as, meaning, reasons, symptoms regarding HIV/AIDS. Results revealed that a little more than one third of the total participants indicated the meaning of term AIDS, as a disease and disorder such as a sexual disorder and a few stated the meaning of term HIV as a disease, such as, sexual disease, and illness. Almost all mentioned about unprotected sex with person suffering from HIV/AIDS, a substantial majority also stated of blood transfusion as a reason. A large majority also stated of reused syringes/injections, blade/razor or any sharp thing. A majority of the participants mentioned about recurring fever, chills and night sweat; most of them also mentioned about sore throat when asked about the symptoms in HIV/AIDS affected patient. A substantial majority stated that always use new, disposable needle, syringes and razor blades, almost the same number of participants indicated using contraceptives correctly and consistently; and avoid multiple sexual partners when asked about precautions to be taken to avoid HIV/AIDS.

scholarly journals Insider Perspectives of Mate Selection in Modern Chinese Society

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. p28
Author(s):  
Szu-Yu Lin ◽  
Richard B Miller ◽  
Li Ping Su ◽  
Jason Whiting ◽  
Roy Bean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Mate Selection ◽  
Family Background ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Never Married ◽  
Married Men ◽  
Western Values ◽  
Contemporary Chinese

With the increased exposure to Western cultures and the transition towards modernization, Chinese society has experienced substantial social change, which has influenced marital relationships. Although recent research has documented contemporary patterns of marital interaction, less is known about what Chinese adults consider to be an ideal marital partner. The values of contemporary Chinese adults about mate selection preferences were addressed by conducting six focus groups in Taipei, Taiwan. The focus groups included a total of 51 participants (male=25; female=26) and included separate groups for middle-aged married men, middle-aged married women, younger married men, younger married women, never-married young adult men, and never-married young adult women. The results from qualitative analysis indicated three major themes in an ideal partner: family-of-origin, which included similar family background and good relationship with in-laws, personal qualities, which included financially stability and being responsible, and relationship qualities, which included getting along, communicating well, mutual respect, and gender equality. These results indicate that contemporary Chinese adults value a combination of traditional Chinese (e.g., similar family background) and Western (e.g., good communication) values. Overall, the young Chinese participants showed greater incorporation of Western values than the older participants. These findings suggest that modern Chinese society is being increasingly influenced by individualistic Western values.

scholarly journals Regional differences in commuting activities of inhabitants in the Tokyo metropolitan suburb

Dela ◽  
2004 ◽  
pp. 557-566
Author(s):  
Masaki Kawase
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Never Married ◽  
Married Men ◽  
Regional Factors ◽  
Different Parts

The purpose of this study is to elucidate gender differences and regional differences of co-mmuting activities by inhabitants in Japanese metropolitan suburbs. I found the different parts by districts in the metropolitan suburb. Regional factors cause gender differences in commuting activities and result in regional differences: In residential areas, inhabitants who work in metropolitan centers occupy much of the population. In older built-up areas, there are many “local” persons. In rural areas, motorization is progressing because access to rail-roads has been inconvenient. These regional factors influence the behavioral characteristics of commuting by married men, married women, never married men and never married women.

scholarly journals Married Men and Vasectomy: A Focused Group Study in an Urban Community in Ghana

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 237796081879038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella Appiah ◽  
James Kwaku Agyen ◽  
Isabella Garti ◽  
Awube Menlah
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Urban Community ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Married Men ◽  
Commercial Drivers ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Beliefs And Attitudes

An effective method of birth control in men yet least accepted and patronized is vasectomy. Vasectomy provides health benefits to the user, his direct family, and the entire population as it helps to control population growth. This article explored the beliefs and attitudes of commercial drivers on vasectomy in an urban community in Ghana. The study employed qualitative exploratory design using focus group discussion. Data were collected from 12 married men between the ages of 45 to 60 years who were selected through purposive sampling method. The focus group discussions were audiotaped, handwritten, and recorded. Recorded data were then transcribed verbatim, and the current version of the NVivo software for analyzing qualitative data was used to manage the data. Three major themes emerged from the study: knowledge of respondents on vasectomy, beliefs, and attitudes of married men toward vasectomy. Each of the themes had three subthemes. The study revealed that vasectomy was perceived by some of the respondents to be synonymous to castration which comes with negative effects. Inadequate knowledge, negative perceptions, future uncertainty, and the irreversible nature of vasectomy emerged as contributing to the low patronage and some of the reasons why most of the respondents had no intentions of opting for vasectomy. In view of these findings, it is imperative for all stakeholders to give urgent attention to behavior change strategies that can be put in action to ameliorate the effects of these negative attitudes and misbeliefs. Ultimately, the tide can be turned around and vasectomy will be a preferred alternative when it comes to family planning in Ghana.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Women Regarding HIV/AIDS

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 45-48
Author(s):  
Om Prasad Baral
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Socioeconomic Condition ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Child Bearing ◽  
Mode Of Transmission ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice ◽  
Hiv Aids

HIV/AIDS is one of the most burning health problems in the world and Nepal is not an exception. It does not only affect individual's health but also socioeconomic condition. Its excessive prevalence is due to lack of literacy and awareness about it. It causes problems from womb to tomb. This study concludes that the majority of married women of child bearing age have inadequate knowledge and information about causes, mode of transmission, consequences and preventive measures of HIV/AIDS. Key words HIV/AIDS, behaviour of women, reproductive age, child bearing age DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/av.v1i0.5310 Academic Voices 2011; 1: 45-48

scholarly journals Right to Health: Polygyny and De Facto Polygyny may Increase Women’s Vulnerability to HIV/AIDS in Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Fatuma A Mgomba
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Married Men ◽  
The World ◽  
Small House ◽  
International Laws ◽  
Polygynous Marriage ◽  
Hiv Aids

The world continues to faced many challenges both social and economic as a result of HIV/AIDS. Women in Tanzania and the world at large are among the most vulnerable population to HIV infection. Some of the communities to this day are starved of the critical information about the scourge as a result of the contradictions which emerge between the national laws (i.e., customary law) and international laws. This study aimed primarily at ascertaining the issues of whether polygynous marriage/small house are perceived to expose married women to the high risk of HIV/AIDS. Simple random sampling technique was used to select rural and urban married men/women, especially among those living in polygamous and monogamous marriages and unmarried women who are in relations with married men (small house) at Lushoto in Tanzania. The study noted that married women are at risk of HIV/AIDS when their husbands practice de facto polygyny. As a result of the legal disparities between international laws and national law (i.e., customary law), polygynous marriage/small house exposes married women to a high risk of HIV/AIDS. The international community needs to come up with a standpoint that compels member nations of different cultural practices to ensure that women are not exposed to HIV/AIDS. HIV/AIDS is a reality and dissemination of information to all people should be considered a human right regardless of the different cultural practices. To this end, thousands of married women in polygamous and monogamous marriages are at risk of the scourge in Tanzania in particular and the world in general. The world continues to faced many challenges both social and economic as a result of HIV/AIDS. Women in Tanzania and the world at large are among the most vulnerable population to HIV infection. Some of the communities to this day are starved of the critical information about the scourge as a result of the contradictions which emerge between the national laws (i.e., customary law) and international laws. This study aimed primarily at ascertaining the issues of whether polygynous marriage/small house are perceived to expose married women to the high risk of HIV/AIDS. Simple random sampling technique was used to select rural and urban married men/women, especially among those living in polygamous and monogamous marriages and unmarried women who are in relations with married men (small house) at Lushoto in Tanzania. The study noted that married women are at risk of HIV/AIDS when their husbands practice de facto polygyny. As a result of the legal disparities between international laws and national law (i.e., customary law), polygynous marriage/small house exposes married women to a high risk of HIV/AIDS. The international community needs to come up with a standpoint that compels member nations of different cultural practices to ensure that women are not exposed to HIV/AIDS. HIV/AIDS is a reality and dissemination of information to all people should be considered a human right regardless of the different cultural practices. To this end, thousands of married women in polygamous and monogamous marriages are at risk of the scourge in Tanzania in particular and the world in general.

Gender Differences in the Link Between Marital Status and the Risk of Cognitive Impairment: Results From the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging

2021 ◽  
pp. 009141502110241
Author(s):  
Yujin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Event History Analysis ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Event History ◽  
Never Married ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Married Men ◽  
And Gender

In the context of South Korea, characterized by increasing population aging and a changing family structure, this study examined differences in the risk of cognitive impairment by marital status and investigated whether this association differs by gender. The data were derived from the 2006–2018 Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. The sample comprised 7,568 respondents aged 45 years or older, who contributed 30,414 person-year observations. Event history analysis was used to predict the odds of cognitive impairment by marital status and gender. Relative to their married counterparts, never-married and divorced people were the most disadvantaged in terms of cognitive health. In addition, the association between marital status and cognitive impairment was much stronger for men than for women. Further, gender-stratified analyses showed that, compared with married men, never-married men had a higher risk of cognitive impairment, but there were no significant effects of marital status for women.

scholarly journals HIV/AIDS awareness among first year pharmacy students and the role of the university

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Selente Bezuidenhout ◽  
Rob Summers
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
First Year ◽  
Tertiary Institutions ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Aids Awareness ◽  
The University ◽  
Hiv Aids

As HIV/AIDS continues to spread and affect the lives of millions of people, a sense of urgency has developed about the imperative need to stop the epidemic. Education is the key to change knowledge, attitudes and behaviour. There is currently a gap in educationprogrammes targeting youths of ages 18-24 years, for example, those enrolled in tertiary institutions. The aim of the study was therefore to establish the level of HIV/AIDS awareness among undergraduate pharmacy students at the University of Limpopo (Medunsa Campus)/ Tshwane University of Technology Schools of Pharmacy. A structured questionnaire was administered to pharmacy students on entry to the programme. Although the students of 2003, 2004 and 2005 obtained mean percentage HIV/AIDS awareness scores in the range of 70%-80%, they had inadequate knowledge of some transmission routes, events that occur when HIV invades the body, the “window period” and some symptoms. These knowledge gaps should be addressed by universities by integrating HIV/AIDS policies and education fully into all aspects of their planning, operations andteaching.

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