scholarly journals Multi-Disciplinary and Multi-Scale Assessment of Marine Renewable Energy Structure in a Tidal System

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurore Raoux ◽  
◽  
Ilan Robin ◽  
Jean-Philippe Pezy ◽  
Anne-Claire Bennis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Scale Effects ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Tidal Energy ◽  
Ecosystem Approach ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Marine Renewable Energy

The French coast of the Atlantic and English Channel (EC) is promising for the development of Marine Renewable Energy (MRE), including wind, wave, and tidal stream, due to the high velocity of currents in some parts of the area. This paper, focusing on wind and tidal energy, discusses how the implementation of MRE converters influences biodiversity, and vice versa, through biofouling and reef effects. The understanding of these interactions requires the knowledge of the hydro-sedimentary conditions and the macrofauna. The research on these topics, performed at the Continental and Coastal Morphodynamic laboratory (M2C) (UNICAEN, France), is presented through a multi-disciplinary approach by i) studying the hydrodynamic conditions and the macrofauna in Alderney Race, ii) studying the biofouling effects on tidal turbines and their influence on the turbulent wake, iii) assessing the hydro-sedimentary impacts induced by the offshore wind farm, like scouring, and iv) taking an ecosystem approach on MRE, such as the reef effect. From an ecological perspective, the reef effect can be responsible for changes in the structure and function of the ecosystem. Although several studies have analyzed this effect at the species-or community-scale, the propagation of the reef effect at the ecosystem-scale remains unclear. Thus, understanding these ecosystem-scale effects is urgent for future research. From an engineering perspective, biofouling changes the structural characteristics (i.e., supplementary mass) of the converters and thus, affects their performance.

scholarly journals Scour Protections for Offshore Foundations of Marine Energy Harvesting Technologies: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 297
Author(s):  
Tiago Fazeres-Ferradosa ◽  
João Chambel ◽  
Francisco Taveira-Pinto ◽  
Paulo Rosa-Santos ◽  
Francisco V. C. Taveira Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Professional Community ◽  
Tidal Energy ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbine ◽  
Limit States ◽  
Commercial Development ◽  
Marine Renewable Energy

The offshore wind is the sector of marine renewable energy with the highest commercial development at present. The margin to optimise offshore wind foundations is considerable, thus attracting both the scientific and the industrial community. Due to the complexity of the marine environment, the foundation of an offshore wind turbine represents a considerable portion of the overall investment. An important part of the foundation’s costs relates to the scour protections, which prevent scour effects that can lead the structure to reach the ultimate and service limit states. Presently, the advances in scour protections design and its optimisation for marine environments face many challenges, and the latest findings are often bounded by stakeholder’s strict confidential policies. Therefore, this paper provides a broad overview of the latest improvements acquired on this topic, which would otherwise be difficult to obtain by the scientific and general professional community. In addition, this paper summarises the key challenges and recent advances related to offshore wind turbine scour protections. Knowledge gaps, recent findings and prospective research goals are critically analysed, including the study of potential synergies with other marine renewable energy technologies, as wave and tidal energy. This research shows that scour protections are a field of study quite challenging and still with numerous questions to be answered. Thus, optimisation of scour protections in the marine environment represents a meaningful opportunity to further increase the competitiveness of marine renewable energies.

scholarly journals Hydrodynamic Response of a Combined Wind–Wave Marine Energy Structure

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yapo Wang ◽  
Lixian Zhang ◽  
Constantine Michailides ◽  
Ling Wan ◽  
Wei Shi
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Hydrodynamic Performance ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Marine Energy ◽  
Floating Offshore Wind Turbines ◽  
Central Column ◽  
Combined Structure ◽  
Heave Motion

Due to the energy crisis and greenhouse effect, offshore renewable energy is attracting increasing attention worldwide. Various offshore renewable energy systems, such as floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs), and wave energy converters (WECs), have been proposed and developed so far. To increase power output and reduce related costs, a combined marine energy structure using FOWT and WEC technologies has been designed, analyzed and presented in the present paper. The energy structure combines a 5-MW braceless semisubmersible FOWT and a heave-type WEC which is installed on the central column of the semisubmersible. Wave power is absorbed by a power take-off (PTO) system through the relative heave motion between the central column of the FOWT and the WEC. A numerical model has been developed and is used to determine rational size and draft of the combined structure. The effects of different PTO system parameters on the hydrodynamic performance and wave energy production of the WEC under typical wave conditions are investigated and a preliminary best value for the PTO’s damping coefficient is obtained. Additionally, the effects of viscous modeling used during the analysis and the hydrodynamic coupling on the response of the combined structure are studied.

An ecosystem approach for studying the impact of offshore wind farms: a French case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 1238-1246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Pezy ◽  
Aurore Raoux ◽  
Jean-Claude Dauvin
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Ecosystem Approach ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Ecosystem Structure ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms ◽  
Ecopath Model ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The French government is planning the construction of offshore wind farms (OWF) in the next decade (around 2900 MW). Following the European Environmental Impact Assessment Directive 85/337/EEC, several studies have been undertaken to identify the environmental conditions and ecosystem functioning at selected sites prior to OWF construction. However, these studies are generally focused on the conservation of some species and there is no holistic approach for analysing the effects arising from OWF construction and operation. The objective of this article is to promote a sampling strategy to collect data on the different ecosystem compartments of the future Dieppe-Le Tréport (DLT) wind farm site, adopting an ecosystem approach, which could be applied to other OWFs for the implementation of a trophic network analysis. For that purpose, an Ecopath model is used here to derive indices from Ecological Network Analysis (ENA) to investigate the ecosystem structure and functioning. The results show that the ecosystem is most likely detritus-based, associated with a biomass dominated by bivalves, which could act as a dead end for a classic trophic food web since their consumption by top predators is low in comparison to their biomass. The systemic approach developed for DLT OWF site should be applied for other French and European installations of Offshore Wind Farm.

scholarly journals Risk Retirement—Decreasing Uncertainty and Informing Consenting Processes for Marine Renewable Energy Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea E. Copping ◽  
Mikaela C. Freeman ◽  
Alicia M. Gorton ◽  
Lenaïg G. Hemery
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Tidal Energy ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Marine Animals ◽  
Marine Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Development ◽  
Electricity Grids ◽  
Project Site ◽  
Low Carbon Energy

Marine renewable energy (MRE) is under development in many coastal nations, adding to the portfolio of low carbon energy sources that power national electricity grids as well as off-grid uses in isolated areas and at sea. Progress in establishing the MRE industry, largely wave and tidal energy, has been slowed in part due to uncertainty about environmental risks of these devices, including harm to marine animals and habitats, and the associated concerns of regulators and stakeholders. A process for risk retirement was developed to organize and apply knowledge in a strategic manner that considered whether specific environmental effects are likely to cause harm. The risk retirement process was tested against two key MRE stressors: effects of underwater noise from operational MRE devices on marine animals, and effects of electromagnetic fields from MRE electrical export cables on marine animals. The effects of installation of MRE devices were not accounted for in this analysis. Applying the risk retirement process could decrease the need for costly investigations of each potential effect at every new MRE project site and help move the industry beyond current barriers.

scholarly journals A Survey on Optimal Control and Operation of Integrated Energy Systems

Complexity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Chun Wei ◽  
Xiangzhi Xu ◽  
Youbing Zhang ◽  
Xiangshan Li
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Research Status ◽  
The Future

At present, the transformation of energy structure is at a critical stage, and emerging renewable energy technologies and multienergy equipment have been widely used. How to improve the energy efficiency of integrated energy system (IES) and promote large-scale absorption of renewable energy is of great significance to the application forms of energy in the future. The development of new internet technology and sensor technology provides strong technical support for the optimal operation and coordinated control of IES. In recent years, the IES is experiencing unprecedented changes, which has attracted great attention from academia and industry. In this paper, the optimal control and operation behavior of IES are reviewed. Firstly, the research status of IES in recent years is summarized. Then, the modeling methods of different equipment in IES are analyzed in detail. The optimal operation of user, regional, and cross-regional IES are taken as typical research objects and the research status of optimization problems and operation modes, energy management planning, and power market allocation are summarized and analyzed. Finally, the key scientific issues and related frontier technologies in the IES are concluded, and the future research directions are prospected.

Comparative Analysis of HVAC, HVDC and Hybrid HVAC-HVDC Transmission System Based Offshore Wind Farm

2014 ◽  
Vol 953-954 ◽  
pp. 342-347
Author(s):  
Yuan Kang Wu ◽  
Ching Yin Lee ◽  
Dong Jing Lee ◽  
Yung Ching Huang
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Transmission System ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Farm ◽  
Hvdc Transmission ◽  
The Future ◽  
Submarine Cables

Taiwan is developing the renewable energy actively, in which the wind energy is seen as one of important resources. However, the suitable locations for wind farm constructions are less and less on the shore, and the trend of wind farm development in the future will toward to offshore where the installation capacity of the wind farm could reach hundreds of megawatts. As the installation capacity of the wind farm increases, the effects on the interconnected AC grid are also more notable. In this paper, the off-peak system in Taiwan is used as a studied system in which the Penghu area and Taiwan grid is connected by submarine cables. This study explores the wind farm transmission system including HVAC, HVDC, and hybrid HVAC-HVDC systems and compares the differences of their impact on the system.

Risk-Based Approach for the Development of Guidelines and Standards on Combined Marine Renewable Energy Platforms

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura-Mae Macadré ◽  
Keith O’Sullivan ◽  
Antoine Breuillard ◽  
Stéphane le Diraison
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Global Risk ◽  
Marine Renewable Energy ◽  
Grid Connection ◽  
Reducing Costs ◽  
Guidelines And Standards

The combination of Marine Renewable Energy (MRE) technologies such as wave or current devices with offshore wind, a more mature technology, could enable pooling of R&D efforts and reducing costs (grid connection, moorings, maintenance activities…). Moreover, the different characteristics of the wind, wave and current resources could be complementary and provide a smoothing effect on the power production. Therefore, the EU FP7 project -MARINA Platform- aims at studying concepts of combined platforms integrating different types of MRE devices. Many challenges are induced by these innovative platforms and guidelines and standards will be required to ensure safety, reliability and quality. However, as the concepts are only at the development stage, no standards have been written for these combined platforms so far. This paper presents a new approach proposed by Bureau Veritas within the scope of the MARINA project for the development of guidelines and standards dedicated to combined MRE platforms. Existing literature on standards about MRE and related sectors, like shipping, wind energy and offshore oil & gas, forms a good basis to be exploited. In addition, risk assessment and qualification of new technology might be considered as a complement to standards to support the design of novel offshore concepts. Therefore, the presented methodology combines the use of existing standards from MRE and related sectors with a risk-based approach for the most innovative and unknown parts of the platform. A global risk assessment is performed in parallel for a whole review of the system.

Application of Offshore Concrete Constructions for Ocean Renewable Energy Storage (ORES)

2014 ◽  
Vol 521 ◽  
pp. 703-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Feng Li ◽  
Su Hua Ma ◽  
Xiao Dong Shen
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Excess Energy ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Farm ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms ◽  
Ocean Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Storage

Storage of energy generated by offshore wind farms still addresses one of the vexing problems inherent in offshore renewable energy such as offshore wind or solar energy how to store excess energy. Researchers tried to apply concrete in the energy storage of offshore wind farm recently, including the OTEC artificial energy islands, the MITS Ocean Renewable Energy Storage (ORES) and Belgiums energy atoll, and the progresses were reviewed.

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