scholarly journals Surveillance of Noncommunicable Disease Epidemic Through the Integrated Noncommunicable Disease Collaborative Management System: Feasibility Pilot Study Conducted in the City of Ningbo, China

10.2196/17340 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. e17340
Author(s):  
Sixuan Li ◽  
Liang Zhang ◽  
Shiwei Liu ◽  
Richard Hubbard ◽  
Hui Li
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Management System ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Noncommunicable Disease ◽  
Collaborative Management ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
The City

Background Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) have become the main public health concern worldwide. With rapid economic development and changes in lifestyles, the burden of NCDs in China is increasing dramatically every year. Monitoring is a critical measure for NCDs control and prevention. However, because of the lack of regional representativeness, unsatisfactory data quality, and inefficient data sharing and utilization, the existing surveillance systems and surveys in China cannot track the status and transition of NCDs epidemic. Objective To efficaciously track NCDs epidemic in China, this pilot program conducted in Ningbo city by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) aimed to develop an innovative model for NCDs surveillance and management: the integrated noncommunicable disease collaborative management system (NCDCMS). Methods This Ningbo model was designed and developed through a 3-level (county/district, municipal, and provincial levels) direct reporting system based on the regional health information platform. The uniform data standards and interface specifications were established to connect different platforms and conduct data exchanges. The performance of the system was evaluated based on the 9 attributes of surveillance system evaluation framework recommended by the US CDC. Results NCDCMS allows automatic NCDs data exchanging and sharing via a 3-level public health data exchange platform in China. It currently covers 201 medical institutions throughout the city. Compared with previous systems, automatic popping up of the report card, automatic patient information extraction, and real-time data exchange process have highly improved the simplicity and timeliness of the system. The data quality meets the requirements to monitor the incidence trend of NCDs accurately, and the comprehensive data types obtained from the database (ie, directly from the 3-level platform on the data warehouse) also provide a useful information to conduct scientific studies. So far, 98.1% (201/205) of medical institutions across Ningbo having been involved in data exchanges with the model. Evaluations of the system performance showed that NCDCMS has high levels of simplicity, data quality, acceptability, representativeness, and timeliness. Conclusions NCDCMS completely reshaped the process of NCD surveillance reporting and had unique advantages, which include reducing the work burden of different stakeholders by data sharing and exchange, eliminating unnecessary redundancies, reducing the amount of underreporting, and structuring population-based cohorts. The Ningbo model will be gradually promoted elsewhere following this success of the pilot project, and is expected to be a milestone in NCDs surveillance, control, and prevention in China.

scholarly journals Surveillance of Noncommunicable Disease Epidemic Through the Integrated Noncommunicable Disease Collaborative Management System: Feasibility Pilot Study Conducted in the City of Ningbo, China (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sixuan Li ◽  
Liang Zhang ◽  
Shiwei Liu ◽  
Richard Hubbard ◽  
Hui Li
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Management System ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Noncommunicable Disease ◽  
Collaborative Management ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
The City

BACKGROUND Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) have become the main public health concern worldwide. With rapid economic development and changes in lifestyles, the burden of NCDs in China is increasing dramatically every year. Monitoring is a critical measure for NCDs control and prevention. However, because of the lack of regional representativeness, unsatisfactory data quality, and inefficient data sharing and utilization, the existing surveillance systems and surveys in China cannot track the status and transition of NCDs epidemic. OBJECTIVE To efficaciously track NCDs epidemic in China, this pilot program conducted in Ningbo city by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) aimed to develop an innovative model for NCDs surveillance and management: the integrated noncommunicable disease collaborative management system (NCDCMS). METHODS This Ningbo model was designed and developed through a 3-level (county/district, municipal, and provincial levels) direct reporting system based on the regional health information platform. The uniform data standards and interface specifications were established to connect different platforms and conduct data exchanges. The performance of the system was evaluated based on the 9 attributes of surveillance system evaluation framework recommended by the US CDC. RESULTS NCDCMS allows automatic NCDs data exchanging and sharing via a 3-level public health data exchange platform in China. It currently covers 201 medical institutions throughout the city. Compared with previous systems, automatic popping up of the report card, automatic patient information extraction, and real-time data exchange process have highly improved the simplicity and timeliness of the system. The data quality meets the requirements to monitor the incidence trend of NCDs accurately, and the comprehensive data types obtained from the database (ie, directly from the 3-level platform on the data warehouse) also provide a useful information to conduct scientific studies. So far, 98.1% (201/205) of medical institutions across Ningbo having been involved in data exchanges with the model. Evaluations of the system performance showed that NCDCMS has high levels of simplicity, data quality, acceptability, representativeness, and timeliness. CONCLUSIONS NCDCMS completely reshaped the process of NCD surveillance reporting and had unique advantages, which include reducing the work burden of different stakeholders by data sharing and exchange, eliminating unnecessary redundancies, reducing the amount of underreporting, and structuring population-based cohorts. The Ningbo model will be gradually promoted elsewhere following this success of the pilot project, and is expected to be a milestone in NCDs surveillance, control, and prevention in China.

scholarly journals Using informatics to improve cancer surveillance

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1488-1495
Author(s):  
Wendy Blumenthal ◽  
Temitope O Alimi ◽  
Sandra F Jones ◽  
David E Jones ◽  
Joseph D Rogers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Cancer Registries ◽  
Target Audience ◽  
Cancer Surveillance ◽  
Clinical Text ◽  
Computer Scientists ◽  
Natural Language Processing Tool ◽  
Control And Prevention

Abstract Objectives This review summarizes past and current informatics activities at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Program of Cancer Registries to inform readers about efforts to improve, standardize, and automate reporting to public health cancer registries. Target audience The target audience includes cancer registry experts, informaticians, public health professionals, database specialists, computer scientists, programmers, and system developers who are interested in methods to improve public health surveillance through informatics approaches. Scope This review provides background on central cancer registries and describes the efforts to standardize and automate reporting to these registries. Specific topics include standardized data exchange activities for physician and pathology reporting, software tools for cancer reporting, development of a natural language processing tool for processing unstructured clinical text, and future directions of cancer surveillance informatics.

Clima, salud pública y sociedad: causas, gestión y efectos de la fiebre amarilla en la Barcelona de 1821

2019 ◽  
pp. 247-277
Author(s):  
Kevin Pometti Benítez
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Environmental Context ◽  
Point Of Interest ◽  
The People ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Exogenous Factors ◽  
Environmental Causes ◽  
The City

RESUMENLa epidemia de fiebre amarilla que tuvo lugar en Barcelona en 1821 estuvo condicionada por la confluencia de causas endógenas y exógenas, ambientales y humanas, que fueron favorables al arraigo de una epidemia importada que generó serias repercusiones sobre la sociedad de su época. Por este motivo, en este artículo analizamos las particularidades del contexto ambiental que precedieron al inicio de la epidemia y que imperaron marcando las pautas propicias tanto para su desarrollo como para su progresiva extinción atendiendo, además, a lascondiciones de insalubridad que imperaban en la urbe. Por otra parte, centramos nuestra atención en las medidas que se implementaron en materia de salud pública para la gestión epidémica tanto para detectar su efectividad como sus repercusiones a nivel social, institucional, económico. Otro punto de interés reside en contrastar las condicionesambientales con las defunciones registradas en los puntos de observación habilitados para la contención de las personas infectadas por la fiebre amarilla.PALABRAS CLAVEFiebre amarilla, Barcelona, enfermedades vectoriales, salud pública, epidemias, clima. TITLEClimate, public health and society: causes, management and effects of Yellow Fever epidemic in Barcelona in 1821ABSTRACTThe Yellow Fever epidemic that took place in Barcelona in 1821 was a consequence of the confluence of endogenous and exogenous factors, human and environmental causes, which were favourable for the development of an imported disease that had deleterious effects over the society at that time. Because of that, in this paper we analyse the particularities of the environmental context that preceded the start of the epidemic and during its prevalence. Attending also to the insalubrity causes that characterized the city. Moreover, we centre our attention into analysing the sanitation politics applied by the authorities and medical institutions to evaluate the effectivity of those measures and to detect the repercussions over the society, the institutions and the economy. Another point of interest resides in to contrast the environmental conditions with the dead reports recovered from the observation points fitted out by authorities to contain the people affected by the epidemic.KEY WORDSYellow Fever, Barcelona, Vector Diseases, Public Health, Epidemics, Climate.

scholarly journals Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) information management: addressing national health-care and public health needs for standardized data definitions and codified vocabulary for data exchange

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1476-1487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Macarena Garcia ◽  
Nikolay Lipskiy ◽  
James Tyson ◽  
Roniqua Watkins ◽  
E Stein Esser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Information Management ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
World Health ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Centers For Disease Control ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Objective The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak progressed rapidly from a public health (PH) emergency of international concern (World Health Organization [WHO], 30 January 2020) to a pandemic (WHO, 11 March 2020). The declaration of a national emergency in the United States (13 March 2020) necessitated the addition and modification of terminology related to COVID-19 and development of the disease’s case definition. During this period, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and standard development organizations released guidance on data standards for reporting COVID-19 clinical encounters, laboratory results, cause-of-death certifications, and other surveillance processes for COVID-19 PH emergency operations. The CDC COVID-19 Information Management Repository was created to address the need for PH and health-care stakeholders at local and national levels to easily obtain access to comprehensive and up-to-date information management resources. Materials and Methods We introduce the clinical and health-care informatics community to the CDC COVID-19 Information Management Repository: a new, national COVID-19 information management tool. We provide a description of COVID-19 informatics resources, including data requirements for COVID-19 data reporting. Results We demonstrate the CDC COVID-19 Information Management Repository’s categorization and management of critical COVID-19 informatics documentation and standards. We also describe COVID-19 data exchange standards, forms, and specifications. Conclusions This information will be valuable to clinical and PH informaticians, epidemiologists, data analysts, standards developers and implementers, and information technology managers involved in the development of COVID-19 situational awareness and response reporting and analytics.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Data Exchange Process for Interoperability and Impact on Electronic Laboratory Reporting Quality to a State Public Health Agency

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sripriya Rajamani ◽  
Ann Kayser ◽  
Emily Emerson ◽  
Sarah Solarz
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Health Program ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
The Public ◽  
Electronic Laboratory Reporting

Background: Past and present national initiatives advocate for electronic exchange of health data and emphasize interoperability. The critical role of public health in the context of disease surveillance was recognized with recommendations for electronic laboratory reporting (ELR). Many public health agencies have seen a trend towards centralization of information technology services which adds another layer of complexity to interoperability efforts.Objectives: To understand the process of data exchange and its impact on the quality of data being transmitted in the context of electronic laboratory reporting to public health. The study was conducted in context of Minnesota Electronic Disease Surveillance System (MEDSS), the public health information system for supporting infectious disease surveillance in Minnesota. Data Quality (DQ) dimensions by Strong et al., was chosen as the guiding framework for evaluation.Methods: The process of assessing data exchange for electronic lab reporting and its impact was a mixed methods approach with qualitative data obtained through expert discussions and quantitative data obtained from queries of the MEDSS system. Interviews were conducted in an open-ended format from November 2017 through February 2018. Based on these discussions, two high level categories of data exchange process which could impact data quality were identified: onboarding for electronic lab reporting and internal data exchange routing. This in turn comprised of eight critical steps and its impact on quality of data was identified through expert input. This was followed by analysis of data in MEDSS by various criteria identified by the informatics team.Results: All DQ metrics (Intrinsic DQ, Contextual DQ, Representational DQ, and Accessibility DQ) were impacted in the data exchange process with varying influence on DQ dimensions. Some errors such as improper mapping in electronic health records (EHRs) and laboratory information systems had a cascading effect and can pass through technical filters and go undetected till use of data by epidemiologists. Some DQ dimensions such as accuracy, relevancy, value-added data and interpretability are more dependent on users at either end of the data exchange spectrum, the relevant clinical groups and the public health program professionals. The study revealed that data quality is dynamic and on-going oversight is a combined effort by MEDSS Operations Team and Review by Technical and Public Health Program Professionals.Conclusion: With increasing electronic reporting to public health, there is a need to understand the current processes for electronic exchange and their impact on quality of data. This study focused on electronic laboratory reporting to public health and analyzed both on-boarding and internal data exchange processes. Insights gathered from this research can be applied to other public health reporting currently (e.g. immunizations) and will be valuable in planning for electronic case reporting in near future.

Intentional Food Contamination in the Food Supply Chain

2016 ◽  
pp. 56-78
Author(s):  
Ramón Navarrete Reynoso ◽  
Cecilia Ramos-Estrada ◽  
Omar J. Purata
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Management System ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Food Contamination ◽  
Corporate Management ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Food Supply Chain ◽  
Control And Prevention

As globalization increases, supply chains are becoming increasingly complex and vulnerable, making the management of their security an important part of corporate management. The need to adopt control and prevention measures that allow for guaranteeing security in international commercial operations is essential to prevent becoming a target of these threats. Some of these threats are terrorism, piracy and theft. Within the food industry, food terrorism has gained relevance due to the extreme consequences it may have on both public health and the market. Food terrorism refers to the intentional contamination of food in any link of the supply chain, which covers everything from production to consumption. This chapter deals with the problems of food terrorism and makes a proposal that allows to establish a management system to prevent intentional food contamination in the supply chain through managing risks and improving security in the supply chain on this aspect.

Intentional Food Contamination in the Food Supply Chain

2020 ◽  
pp. 242-265
Author(s):  
Ramón Navarrete Reynoso ◽  
Cecilia Ramos-Estrada ◽  
Omar J. Purata
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Management System ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Food Contamination ◽  
Corporate Management ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Food Supply Chain ◽  
Control And Prevention

As globalization increases, supply chains are becoming increasingly complex and vulnerable, making the management of their security an important part of corporate management. The need to adopt control and prevention measures that allow for guaranteeing security in international commercial operations is essential to prevent becoming a target of these threats. Some of these threats are terrorism, piracy and theft. Within the food industry, food terrorism has gained relevance due to the extreme consequences it may have on both public health and the market. Food terrorism refers to the intentional contamination of food in any link of the supply chain, which covers everything from production to consumption. This chapter deals with the problems of food terrorism and makes a proposal that allows to establish a management system to prevent intentional food contamination in the supply chain through managing risks and improving security in the supply chain on this aspect.

On the issue of optimization of atmospheric air quality monitoring for the implementation of the Federal project «Clean Air»

2019 ◽  
pp. 931-936
Author(s):  
I. V. May ◽  
A. A. Kokoulina ◽  
S. Yu. Balashov
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Monitoring Programs ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
The City

Introduction. The city of Chita of Zabaikalsky region is one of the cities of Russia, priority on level of pollution of atmosphere. Of the order of 130 impurities emitted by the sources of the city, 12 are monitored at 5 posts of the Roshydromet network. Maximum monthly average concentrations are formed by benz (a) pyrene (up to 56.8 MPC), hydrogen sulfide (12.3 MPC), suspended particles (up to 4PDC), phenol (up to 3.6 MPC). Significant emissions (59.73 thousand tons in 2018) are aggravated by the use of coal as a fuel by heat and power enterprises and the private sector, climatic and geographical features. Within the framework of the Federal project “Clean Air” of the national project “Ecology”, it is envisaged to reduce the gross emission of pollutants into the atmosphere of Chita by 8.75 thousand tons by 2024, which should lead to a significant improvement in the safety and quality of life of citizens. It is necessary to identify the most “risky “components of pollution for health.It is important to understand: whether the environmental monitoring system reflects the real picture of the dangers posed by pollution of the city’s atmosphere; whether there is a need to optimize the monitoring system for the subsequent assessment of the effectiveness and efficiency of measures; what impurities and at what points should be monitored in the interests of the population, administration and economic entities implementing air protection measures.The aim of the study is to develop recommendations for optimizing the program of environmental monitoring of air quality in the city of Chita, taking into account the criteria of danger to public health for the subsequent evaluation of the effectiveness and effectiveness of the Federal project “Clean Air”.Materials and methods. Justification of optimization of monitoring programs was carried out through the calculation of hazard indices, considering: the mass of emissions and toxicological characteristics of each chemical; the population under the influence. A vector map of the city with a layer “population density” was used as a topographic base. The indices were calculated for regular grid cells covering the residential area. For each cell, the repeatability of winds of 8 points from the priority enterprises and the population within the calculated cell were taken into account. As a result, each calculation cell was characterized by a total coefficient, taking into account the danger of potential impacts of emissions. Based on the results of the assessments, recommendations were formulated to optimize the placement of posts in the city and the formation of monitoring programs.Results. Indices of carcinogenic danger to the health of the population of Chita ranged from 584,805. 96 to 0.03 (priorities: carbon (soot), benzene, benz (a) pyrene); indices of non-carcinogenic danger — from 1,443,558. 24 to 0.00 (priorities: sulfur dioxide, inorganic dust containing 70–20% SiO2, fuel oil ash). The greatest danger to public health stationary sources of emissions form in the North-Western, Western and South-Eastern parts of the city. Roshydromet posts in these zones are absent.Conclusions. As part of the objectives of the project “Clean Air”, it is recommended to Supplement the existing state network of observations of atmospheric air quality in Chita with two posts; to include manganese, xylene, vanadium pentoxide in the monitoring programs, to carry out the determination of Benz(a)pyrene et all posts, which will allow to fully and adequately assess the danger of emissions of economic entities, as well as the effectiveness and efficiency of the provided air protection measures.

Interaction of the State and Business on Indicators of Values and Innovations of Public Health

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
V.A. Morozov
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
State Power ◽  
The State ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Business Structures

The article analyzes the state of public health on the example of domestic and foreign statistics, as well as prospects for its development and improvement. The state of relations and forms of interaction of budgetary medical institutions (state, municipal) with private clinics, as well as directly private clinics with the structures of municipal and state power are considered. The directions and ways of interaction of power and business structures for improvement of methods and forms of service of patients on the basis of indicators of values and innovations are offered.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document