Clima, salud pública y sociedad: causas, gestión y efectos de la fiebre amarilla en la Barcelona de 1821

2019 ◽  
pp. 247-277
Author(s):  
Kevin Pometti Benítez
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Environmental Context ◽  
Point Of Interest ◽  
The People ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Exogenous Factors ◽  
Environmental Causes ◽  
The City

RESUMENLa epidemia de fiebre amarilla que tuvo lugar en Barcelona en 1821 estuvo condicionada por la confluencia de causas endógenas y exógenas, ambientales y humanas, que fueron favorables al arraigo de una epidemia importada que generó serias repercusiones sobre la sociedad de su época. Por este motivo, en este artículo analizamos las particularidades del contexto ambiental que precedieron al inicio de la epidemia y que imperaron marcando las pautas propicias tanto para su desarrollo como para su progresiva extinción atendiendo, además, a lascondiciones de insalubridad que imperaban en la urbe. Por otra parte, centramos nuestra atención en las medidas que se implementaron en materia de salud pública para la gestión epidémica tanto para detectar su efectividad como sus repercusiones a nivel social, institucional, económico. Otro punto de interés reside en contrastar las condicionesambientales con las defunciones registradas en los puntos de observación habilitados para la contención de las personas infectadas por la fiebre amarilla.PALABRAS CLAVEFiebre amarilla, Barcelona, enfermedades vectoriales, salud pública, epidemias, clima. TITLEClimate, public health and society: causes, management and effects of Yellow Fever epidemic in Barcelona in 1821ABSTRACTThe Yellow Fever epidemic that took place in Barcelona in 1821 was a consequence of the confluence of endogenous and exogenous factors, human and environmental causes, which were favourable for the development of an imported disease that had deleterious effects over the society at that time. Because of that, in this paper we analyse the particularities of the environmental context that preceded the start of the epidemic and during its prevalence. Attending also to the insalubrity causes that characterized the city. Moreover, we centre our attention into analysing the sanitation politics applied by the authorities and medical institutions to evaluate the effectivity of those measures and to detect the repercussions over the society, the institutions and the economy. Another point of interest resides in to contrast the environmental conditions with the dead reports recovered from the observation points fitted out by authorities to contain the people affected by the epidemic.KEY WORDSYellow Fever, Barcelona, Vector Diseases, Public Health, Epidemics, Climate.

scholarly journals Surveillance of Noncommunicable Disease Epidemic Through the Integrated Noncommunicable Disease Collaborative Management System: Feasibility Pilot Study Conducted in the City of Ningbo, China

10.2196/17340 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. e17340
Author(s):  
Sixuan Li ◽  
Liang Zhang ◽  
Shiwei Liu ◽  
Richard Hubbard ◽  
Hui Li
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Management System ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Noncommunicable Disease ◽  
Collaborative Management ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
The City

Background Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) have become the main public health concern worldwide. With rapid economic development and changes in lifestyles, the burden of NCDs in China is increasing dramatically every year. Monitoring is a critical measure for NCDs control and prevention. However, because of the lack of regional representativeness, unsatisfactory data quality, and inefficient data sharing and utilization, the existing surveillance systems and surveys in China cannot track the status and transition of NCDs epidemic. Objective To efficaciously track NCDs epidemic in China, this pilot program conducted in Ningbo city by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) aimed to develop an innovative model for NCDs surveillance and management: the integrated noncommunicable disease collaborative management system (NCDCMS). Methods This Ningbo model was designed and developed through a 3-level (county/district, municipal, and provincial levels) direct reporting system based on the regional health information platform. The uniform data standards and interface specifications were established to connect different platforms and conduct data exchanges. The performance of the system was evaluated based on the 9 attributes of surveillance system evaluation framework recommended by the US CDC. Results NCDCMS allows automatic NCDs data exchanging and sharing via a 3-level public health data exchange platform in China. It currently covers 201 medical institutions throughout the city. Compared with previous systems, automatic popping up of the report card, automatic patient information extraction, and real-time data exchange process have highly improved the simplicity and timeliness of the system. The data quality meets the requirements to monitor the incidence trend of NCDs accurately, and the comprehensive data types obtained from the database (ie, directly from the 3-level platform on the data warehouse) also provide a useful information to conduct scientific studies. So far, 98.1% (201/205) of medical institutions across Ningbo having been involved in data exchanges with the model. Evaluations of the system performance showed that NCDCMS has high levels of simplicity, data quality, acceptability, representativeness, and timeliness. Conclusions NCDCMS completely reshaped the process of NCD surveillance reporting and had unique advantages, which include reducing the work burden of different stakeholders by data sharing and exchange, eliminating unnecessary redundancies, reducing the amount of underreporting, and structuring population-based cohorts. The Ningbo model will be gradually promoted elsewhere following this success of the pilot project, and is expected to be a milestone in NCDs surveillance, control, and prevention in China.

scholarly journals Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Layanan Kesehatan Masyarakat Kota Pekanbaru Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 36 Tahun 2009 Tentang Kesehatan

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-132
Author(s):  
Wan Agusti
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
The People ◽  
Data Source ◽  
The City

Protection and law enforcement in the field of health for the people of Pekanbaru City is clearly still lacking, many people complain about the protection of health. So that in this study will be discussed about how the legal protection of public health services in the city of Pekanbaru based on Law Number 36 of 2009 concerning Health. This type of research is sociological, so the data source used is primary data from interviews, secondary data from libraries and tertiary data from dictionaries, media, and encyclopedias. Data collection techniques are done by observation, interviews, and literature review.

scholarly journals Surveillance of Noncommunicable Disease Epidemic Through the Integrated Noncommunicable Disease Collaborative Management System: Feasibility Pilot Study Conducted in the City of Ningbo, China (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sixuan Li ◽  
Liang Zhang ◽  
Shiwei Liu ◽  
Richard Hubbard ◽  
Hui Li
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Data Sharing ◽  
Management System ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Noncommunicable Disease ◽  
Collaborative Management ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
The City

BACKGROUND Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) have become the main public health concern worldwide. With rapid economic development and changes in lifestyles, the burden of NCDs in China is increasing dramatically every year. Monitoring is a critical measure for NCDs control and prevention. However, because of the lack of regional representativeness, unsatisfactory data quality, and inefficient data sharing and utilization, the existing surveillance systems and surveys in China cannot track the status and transition of NCDs epidemic. OBJECTIVE To efficaciously track NCDs epidemic in China, this pilot program conducted in Ningbo city by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) aimed to develop an innovative model for NCDs surveillance and management: the integrated noncommunicable disease collaborative management system (NCDCMS). METHODS This Ningbo model was designed and developed through a 3-level (county/district, municipal, and provincial levels) direct reporting system based on the regional health information platform. The uniform data standards and interface specifications were established to connect different platforms and conduct data exchanges. The performance of the system was evaluated based on the 9 attributes of surveillance system evaluation framework recommended by the US CDC. RESULTS NCDCMS allows automatic NCDs data exchanging and sharing via a 3-level public health data exchange platform in China. It currently covers 201 medical institutions throughout the city. Compared with previous systems, automatic popping up of the report card, automatic patient information extraction, and real-time data exchange process have highly improved the simplicity and timeliness of the system. The data quality meets the requirements to monitor the incidence trend of NCDs accurately, and the comprehensive data types obtained from the database (ie, directly from the 3-level platform on the data warehouse) also provide a useful information to conduct scientific studies. So far, 98.1% (201/205) of medical institutions across Ningbo having been involved in data exchanges with the model. Evaluations of the system performance showed that NCDCMS has high levels of simplicity, data quality, acceptability, representativeness, and timeliness. CONCLUSIONS NCDCMS completely reshaped the process of NCD surveillance reporting and had unique advantages, which include reducing the work burden of different stakeholders by data sharing and exchange, eliminating unnecessary redundancies, reducing the amount of underreporting, and structuring population-based cohorts. The Ningbo model will be gradually promoted elsewhere following this success of the pilot project, and is expected to be a milestone in NCDs surveillance, control, and prevention in China.

scholarly journals Mayaro and Chikungunya; two alphaviruses with clinical and epidemiological similarities

2015 ◽  
pp. 4861-4863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salim Mattar V ◽  
Marco González T
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Systems ◽  
The City

In 1780, Philadelphia suffered an unusual outbreak of hemorrhagic fever, which years later was identified as dengue (1). One hundred years later, in Memphis, 1500 people died from yellow fever, which caused residents to abandoned the city (2). Even though these stories may seem anecdotes, they show how dramatic hemorrhagic arbovirus outbreaks can be.The tropic host arboviruses such as Chikungunya (CHIKV), Dengue, and Zika (ZIKV); but there are others, such as Mayaro, Oropuche, and Bussuquara, among others, which have still not been studied in depth by the public health systems of our countries.

Cholera, Public Health, and the Politics of Water in Republican Guangzhou

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 436-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHUK-WAH POON
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Active Role ◽  
City Management ◽  
Cholera Epidemic ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City ◽  
Urban Administration

AbstractAlong with the establishment of the Department of Public Health in 1912, the implementation of public health policies became an integral part of city management in Republican Guangzhou. Yet the cholera outbreak of 1932 fully exposed the weaknesses of the medical and sanitary infrastructure of the city. Due to the Guangzhou government's inaction, the Fangbian Hospital, a local charitable hall founded in response to the bubonic plague of the 1890s, involuntarily took over the major responsibility for providing medical services for cholera patients in the early stage of the epidemic. Only after the death of hundreds of patients and Guangzhou being described as a ‘world of horror’ in the local press did the government-run hospital start to take a more active role. Epidemics have always served as catalysts for change in public health perceptions and practices. This paper attempts to explain how the cholera epidemic of 1932 changed the role of public health in the urban administration of the city. Emphasis is placed on analysing how the people of Guangzhou began to fight for a supply of clean drinking water once they came to realize the link between water and the spread of the fatal cholera epidemic in 1932. Clean water, which used to be seen as a commodity enjoyed by the privileged few, was now increasingly regarded as a citizen's right.

DAMPAK PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH PADA KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT DI TPA

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilda Emilda
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
The People ◽  
Clean Environment ◽  
The Impact

The limitations of waste management in the Cipayung Landfill (TPA) causing a buildup of garbage up to more than 30 meters. This condition has a health impact on people in Cipayung Village. This study aims to analyze the impact of waste management at Cipayung Landfill on public health in Cipayung Village, Depok City. The research is descriptive qualitative. Data obtained by purposive sampling. Data was collected by interviews, observation and documentation. Based on interviews with 30 respondents, it was found that the most common diseases were diarrhea, then other types of stomach ailments, subsequent itching on the skin and coughing. This is presumably because the environmental conditions in the form of unhealthy air and water and clean and healthy living behaviors (PHBS) have not become the habit of the people. The results indicated that there were no respondents who had implemented all of these criteria. In general respondents have implemented  3 criteria, namely maintaining hair hygiene, maintaining skin cleanliness, and maintaining hand hygiene. While maintaining clean water storage is the most often overlooked behavior. To minimize this health impact, improvements in waste management in Cipayung landfill are needed along with continuous socialization and education to develop PHBS habits and the importance of maintaining a clean environment.

Economic Value of Pavement for the Elderly: Case Study of Bangkok, Thailand

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 927-937
Author(s):  
Somskaow Bejranonda ◽  
◽  
Aekkapat Laksanacom ◽  
Waranan Tantiwat ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contingent Valuation Method ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Pavement Management ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Public Facility ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Valuation Method ◽  
The People ◽  
The City

Based on the concept of a livable and global age-friendly city, pavements are a public facility that the city should provide to the people. Appropriate pavements will be beneficial for the people, particularly for good quality of life for the elderly to move around in the city. This study explored the behaviour of the elderly in the use of pavements and the problems confronted. The study also evaluated the value of the pavement walking area as it reflected the benefits of pavements to the elderly by applying the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). During March-May 2017, data were collected using interviews with 601 elderly living in Bangkok. The study indicated that the main problem for senior citizens regarding their use of pavements was from being disturbed by motorbikes riding on the pavements. The average value of pavement for the elderly was about THB 160 (USD 5.30) per person per year. Thus, the benefits of pavements to the elderly in Bangkok was approximately THB 158 million (USD 5.2 million) per year. Thus, policy makers should make proper budget allocations for elderly-friendly pavement management and seriously address the problems confronting the elderly in using pavements, to maximize the usefulness of pavements not only for the elderly but also for the public and to support a sustainable urban development.

MURAL, KEKUATAN MODAL, DAN MASYARAKAT

DeKaVe ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akbar Annasher
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Communication Media ◽  
Mural Painting ◽  
The People ◽  
The Media ◽  
Mural Art ◽  
The City ◽  
The Voice ◽  
Special Region

Broadly speaking, this paper discusses the phenomenon of murals that are now spread in Yogyakarta Special Region, especially the city of Yogyakarta. Mural painting is an art with a media wall that has the elements of communication, so the mural is also referred to as the art of visual communication. Media is a media wall closest to the community, because the distance between the media with the audience is not limited by anything, direct and open, so the mural is often used as media to convey ideas, the idea of ??community, also called the media the voice of the people. Location of mural art in situations of public spatial proved inviting the owners of capital to use such means, in this case is the mural. Manufacturers of various products began racing the race to put on this wall media, as time goes by without realizing the essence of the actual mural art was forced to turn to the commercial essence, the only benefit some parties only, the power of public spaces gradually occupied by the owners of capital, they hopes that the community can view the contents of messages and can obtain information for the products offered. it brings motivation and cognitive and affective simultaneously in the community.Keywords: Mural, Public Space, and Society.

Life Lessons of the Pandemic ”Covid - 19”

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 469-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhagyashri Vijay Chaudhari ◽  
Priya P. Chawle
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Strange Situation ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Lifetime History ◽  
The People ◽  
Life Lessons

“A lesson learned the hard way is a lesson learned for a lifetime.” Every bad situation hurts; however, it sure does teach us something a lesson. In the same manner of a new lesson for Human lifetime, history is observing 'The Novel COVID-19 ’, a very horrible and strange situation created due to fighting with a microscopic enemy. WHO on 11 February 2020 has announced a name for new disease as - 19 and has declared as a global public health emergency and subsequently as pandemic because of its widespread. This began as an outbreak in December 2019, with its in Wuhan, the People Republic of China has emerged as a public health emergency of international concern. is the group of a virus with non-segmented, single-stranded and positive RNA genome. This bad situation of pandemic creates new scenes in the life of people in a different manner, which will be going to be life lessons for them. Such lessons should be kept in mind for the safety of living beings and many more things. In this narrative review article, reference was taken from a different article published in various databases which include the view of different authors and writers on the "Lessons to be from Corona".

KUALITAS PELAYANAN DALAM PEMBANGUNAN INFRASTRUKTUR DI KECAMATAN CIAWI, KABUPATEN BOGOR

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Muhamad Alfian ◽  
Nandang Saefudin Zenju ◽  
Irma Purnamasari
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
National Development ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
National Unity ◽  
The People ◽  
Driving Wheel ◽  
Alternative Routes ◽  
The City ◽  
Quality Infrastructure

Infrastructure development is an integral part of national development and the driving wheel of economic growth. Infrastructure also has an important role in strengthening national unity and unity (Bappenas: 2009). The banjarwaru, banjarwangi, and telukpinang highways are the access roads traversed by 8 villages including alternative routes for the cicurug-sukabumi area. This road is always passed by the people who headed to the city. Therefore, the benefits of this road is very important because it is often passed from the cicurug-sukabumi area due to the diversion of traffic flow so that the intensity of high road users.In this study the author uses the theory of Ridwan and Sudrajat. Quality of service is the level of incompatibility between expectations with customer desires and also the perceptions of these customers. Quality of service here can be assessed by looking at the dimensions. These dimensions include the quality of service, the ability of officials, and service convenience. During the observation to the community through the survey to direct approach with the community, most people complained that the development service to build the kecamatan should be further improved and the results of this study showed that the Quality Assessment of Service in Road Infrastructure Development in Ciawi Sub-district Bogor Regency is categorized Fair Good this is because the assessment of the quality of development services by the Subdistrict Apparatus itself and from the community assess the ability of District Officers still have to be improved in conducting the service and its implementation.Keywords: Service Quality, Infrastructure Development.

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